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Thread: The Slavs in Greece...

  1. #341
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    Quote Originally Posted by Scholarios Chiotis View Post
    Again, secondary sources are all we have for the life of Alexander. You believe alexander existed right?

    So the Melingi and the Ezeritai are fabricated? How about Laskaris Kananos' note that the people of Lubceck speak the same language as the people of the Zygos in Peloponnese?

    I think only building a time machine would be enough proof for you and traveling back to 7th century.
    We need to go with what we have. And the truth is that we don´t have much concerning Slavs in Greece.
    There´s many ways to go with this. Realize that, as I mentioned before, there are less than a handful of direct sources. And there are huge time gaps between those sources. The Chronicle of Monemvasia mentions that the Slavs were exterminated at some point. Why not take it at face value? Note that that are six hundred years between the Chronicle of Monemvasia and Laskaris Kanaros´Slavs. These ´Slavs´may not even be connected. Who knows what has happened in between those centuries. Maybe these Slavs were sclavinized Greeks? Maybe they are a whole new wave of Slavs? And what happened to them later? Who is to say?

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    Veteran Member blogen's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Scholarios Chiotis View Post
    Yeah, basically the author uses outdated ideas about the steppe people. IE non-mongolian skulls - can't really be Avars.
    I've always thought classifying the " barbarians " seems pretty futile except through archaeology. But I'm somewhat intrigued by your assertion if you want to elaborate.
    The Avars, as other steppic peoples in the Carpathian basin were highly mixed origin peoples. The original Avars in Inner Asia/Siberia were Mongoloids of course, but basically the average Avar in the Carpathian basin were an Europid. Yes, the ancestors of these Europids were not Avars, but they were Avars, they assimilated, they followed the Avar culture, lifestyle, art of war and because of this, the language too presumably. And this is important, these Europid elements mostly were not the local elements, but the average Eastern European steppic elements (Cromagnoids, Eastern meds)!

    The meds between the Avars were mostly Eastern meds and Nordo-meds with an important layer of the Gracile meds. These gracile meds were presumably local or Balkanite origin peoples. Or more punctually Avar peoples with local or Balkanite ancestry.

    A typical Avar cemetery:

    "Twenty of the men's skulls were suitable for detailed taxonomical analysis. With one exception (Grave No. 143) the skulls could be put in the Europid major race.
    There were 12 robust skulls, with markedly protruding nasal bones, large glabellae and powerful jaws as their common caharacteristics. The Nordic type was the most common among them, and it had a dominant appearance in three cases (Grave Nos 72, 110 and 130). The narrow kind of face was uncovered with moderately long and wide braincases in three cases, and therefore their cranial indices were mesocran (Grave Nos 104/B and 129), or brachycran (Grave No. 136). Two mesoprosop, mesen faces (Grave Nos 138, 145), and one mesoprosop, euryen face (Grave No. 39) were present with large absolute measurements and long braincases, these individuals could be deduced from the mixing of Nordic and Cromagnoid types. Three skulls had euryprosop, euryen facial indices. One of them was hyperdolichocran (Grave No. 41), another one had a short, yet very wide braincase, which made it brachycran (Grave No. 124). The third one was a mesocran skull, that could clearly be classified as coming under the Cromagnoid-A race (Grave No. 107).
    Seven skulls were expressly gracile. Two of them were typical gracile Mediterraneans (Grave Nos 25 and 51), one skull was mesoprosop, mesen (Grave No. 19/A), four skulls possessed euryprosop, mesen facial indices (Graves Nos 93, 109, 113 and 132), and therefore these later ones presented a an intermediate form between races Mediterranean and Cromagnoid.
    Six of the female skulls could be evaluated, and these bore a markedly mixed combination of elements from races Nordic, Mediterranean and Cromagnoid. The woman of Grave No. 112 was Nordic, but mesocran because of her moderately long, wide braincase. The woman of Grave No. 45 was of the Nordic-Cromag-noid-A type, the skull uncovered from Grave No. 59 could be put in the Cro-magnoid-A race, both were dolichocran. The following three gracile skulls bore Mediterranean and Cromagnoid-A elements: that of Grave No. 111 was mesocran euryprosop, with a mesen facial index. The cranium from Grave No. 127 was hyperdolichocran, mesoprosop, euryen, the dolichocran one from Grave No. 133 was mesoprosop, with a mesen face.
    The above mentioned men's and women's skulls presented a morphologically unified image. Nordic, Cromagnoid and Mediterranean racial elements were mixed in them to the degree when a "clear" type seldom occured. Many generations earlier an unidentifiable type with short and wide braincases was presumably melted into this population.
    The male skull from Grave No. 143 must be separately treated, as it morphology was completely different from that of all the others. Determination of its sex was made a bit uncertain by some feminine features of the skull and by the bad preservation of the skeleton. The distance of the orbital cavities was very large, the nasal cavity was "blown up". Large absolute measurements were also characteristic for this cranium, with a long braincase, a face of medium width and with a wide upper face. Its orbital and nasal cavities were all very wide. Its probable taxonomical classification could be Ural-Cromagnoid-A. Because of the evident difference to all the other individuals we have not utilized the data of this skull among the summarized data of men."

    Anthropological analysis of the Avar Period cemetery of Kereki-Homokbánya

  3. #343
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    Quote Originally Posted by Dianatomia View Post
    We need to go with what we have. And the truth is that we don´t have much concerning Slavs in Greece.
    There´s many ways to go with this. Realize that, as I mentioned before, there are less than a handful of direct sources. And there are huge time gaps between those sources. The Chronicle of Monemvasia mentions that the Slavs were exterminated at some point. Why not take it at face value? Note that that are six hundred years between the Chronicle of Monemvasia and Laskaris Kanaros´Slavs. These ´Slavs´may not even be connected. Who knows what has happened in between those centuries. Maybe these Slavs were sclavinized Greeks? Maybe they are a whole new wave of Slavs? And what happened to them later? Who is to say?
    Based on the liquid metathesis - we can quite accurately describe where Slavs were when.

    And the fact that records are sparse ( as are coins from this period) we can ask- why aren't the Byzantines keeping any records for this part of the empire for 300 years? Authority collapsed in the heart of the empire and the urban culture almost totally disappeared. This happens to coincide with the appearance of the Slavs in the Balkans- including by the appearance of Proto-Slavic names- in the Peloponnese . ( or Morea) as the Slavs called it.

    Id like to hear another explanation.
    書堂개 삼 년에 풍월 읊는다

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    Quote Originally Posted by Faklon View Post
    Skull no3 has a flat occupit so it could be a Taurid type.

    The other 2 seem very dolicocephalic(even for med standards) with similar measurements but slightly different forehead

    Albo origins? In any case, not my idea of a steppe magudai or whatever.
    書堂개 삼 년에 풍월 읊는다

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    Quote Originally Posted by blogen View Post
    The Avars, as other steppic peoples in the Carpathian basin were highly mixed origin peoples. The original Avars in Inner Asia/Siberia were Mongoloids of course, but basically the average Avar in the Carpathian basin were an Europid. Yes, the ancestors of these Europids were not Avars, but they were Avars, they assimilated, they followed the Avar culture, lifestyle, art of war and because of this, the language too presumably. And this is important, these Europid elements mostly were not the local elements, but the average Eastern European steppic elements (Cromagnoids, Eastern meds)!

    The meds between the Avars were mostly Eastern meds and Nordo-meds with an important layer of the Gracile meds. These gracile meds were presumably local or Balkanite origin peoples. Or more punctually Avar peoples with local or Balkanite ancestry.

    A typical Avar cemetery:

    "Twenty of the men's skulls were suitable for detailed taxonomical analysis. With one exception (Grave No. 143) the skulls could be put in the Europid major race.
    There were 12 robust skulls, with markedly protruding nasal bones, large glabellae and powerful jaws as their common caharacteristics. The Nordic type was the most common among them, and it had a dominant appearance in three cases (Grave Nos 72, 110 and 130). The narrow kind of face was uncovered with moderately long and wide braincases in three cases, and therefore their cranial indices were mesocran (Grave Nos 104/B and 129), or brachycran (Grave No. 136). Two mesoprosop, mesen faces (Grave Nos 138, 145), and one mesoprosop, euryen face (Grave No. 39) were present with large absolute measurements and long braincases, these individuals could be deduced from the mixing of Nordic and Cromagnoid types. Three skulls had euryprosop, euryen facial indices. One of them was hyperdolichocran (Grave No. 41), another one had a short, yet very wide braincase, which made it brachycran (Grave No. 124). The third one was a mesocran skull, that could clearly be classified as coming under the Cromagnoid-A race (Grave No. 107).
    Seven skulls were expressly gracile. Two of them were typical gracile Mediterraneans (Grave Nos 25 and 51), one skull was mesoprosop, mesen (Grave No. 19/A), four skulls possessed euryprosop, mesen facial indices (Graves Nos 93, 109, 113 and 132), and therefore these later ones presented a an intermediate form between races Mediterranean and Cromagnoid.
    Six of the female skulls could be evaluated, and these bore a markedly mixed combination of elements from races Nordic, Mediterranean and Cromagnoid. The woman of Grave No. 112 was Nordic, but mesocran because of her moderately long, wide braincase. The woman of Grave No. 45 was of the Nordic-Cromag-noid-A type, the skull uncovered from Grave No. 59 could be put in the Cro-magnoid-A race, both were dolichocran. The following three gracile skulls bore Mediterranean and Cromagnoid-A elements: that of Grave No. 111 was mesocran euryprosop, with a mesen facial index. The cranium from Grave No. 127 was hyperdolichocran, mesoprosop, euryen, the dolichocran one from Grave No. 133 was mesoprosop, with a mesen face.
    The above mentioned men's and women's skulls presented a morphologically unified image. Nordic, Cromagnoid and Mediterranean racial elements were mixed in them to the degree when a "clear" type seldom occured. Many generations earlier an unidentifiable type with short and wide braincases was presumably melted into this population.
    The male skull from Grave No. 143 must be separately treated, as it morphology was completely different from that of all the others. Determination of its sex was made a bit uncertain by some feminine features of the skull and by the bad preservation of the skeleton. The distance of the orbital cavities was very large, the nasal cavity was "blown up". Large absolute measurements were also characteristic for this cranium, with a long braincase, a face of medium width and with a wide upper face. Its orbital and nasal cavities were all very wide. Its probable taxonomical classification could be Ural-Cromagnoid-A. Because of the evident difference to all the other individuals we have not utilized the data of this skull among the summarized data of men."

    Anthropological analysis of the Avar Period cemetery of Kereki-Homokbánya
    I guess you have seen this:



    I guess one might ask, were any of these barbarian peoples not practicising elite dominance and assimilation?
    書堂개 삼 년에 풍월 읊는다

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    Veteran Member blogen's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Scholarios Chiotis View Post
    I guess you have seen this:
    No, but this is an another huge Avar age cemetery from the Carpathian basin. There were a population boom at this time here.

    I guess one might ask, were any of these barbarian peoples not practicising elite dominance and assimilation?
    Remember onto the barbarian Greek hordes from the dark age, and before the dark age, since even the Mycenean Greeks were barbarians compared with the civilized Aegean folks and this barbarian multiculturalism with the strong leading ethnos was their basic social structure too over the Kreteans, Palesgians, Karians and others! The Greek ethnogenezis in Hellas was similar than the Magyar, Avar, Sarmatian or Scythian in the Carpathian basin. These barbarians do not have racial or social stereotypes and because of this, the assimilation was easy for the locals and others. And the benefits of the assimilation was obvious, since these barbarians were victorious.

  7. #347
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    Quote Originally Posted by blogen View Post
    No, but this is an another huge Avar age cemetery from the Carpathian basin. There were a population boom at this time here.

    Remember onto the barbarian Greek hordes from the dark age, and before the dark age, since even the Mycenean Greeks were barbarians compared with the civilized Aegean folks and this barbarian multiculturalism with the strong leading ethnos was their basic social structure too over the Kreteans, Palesgians, Karians and others! The Greek ethnogenezis in Hellas was similar than the Magyar, Avar, Sarmatian or Scythian in the Carpathian basin. These barbarians do not have racial or social stereotypes and because of this, the assimilation was easy for the locals and others. And the benefits of the assimilation was obvious, since these barbarians were victorious.
    »Einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Zusammensetzung der awarenzeitlichen Bevölkerung liefern anthropologische Bestimmungen. Unabhängig von den chronologischen Abschnitt der Awarenzeit bleibt der anthropologische Charakter der Menschen unverändert: 83% europid und nur 10% mongolid, 7% euro-mongolid. Das mongolide Element ist in jeden Zeitabschnitt vorhanden, aber sein Anteil ist je nach Gebiet unterschiedlich hoch. In der Führungsschicht sind die mongoliden Elemente stärker, worauf auch die Fürstenbestattungen im Gebiet zwischen Donau und Theiß hinweisen.« (Anke, Bodo / Révész, László / Vida, Tivadar: Reitervölker im Frühmittelalter. Hunnen – Awaren – Ungarn, Stuttgart 2008, S. 53)


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    100 ελληνικές λέξεις σλαβικής προέλευσης

    Τον κατάλογο τον έφτιαξα με αποδελτίωση του ετυμολογικού λεξικού Μπαμπινιώτη και των ετυμολογικών πληροφοριών του Λεξικού της Κοινής Νεοελληνικής, προσθέτοντας και μερικές ιδιωματικές λέξεις που είχα συμπεριλάβει στις (366 τον αριθμό) «Λέξεις που χάνονται», το προπέρσινο βιβλίο μου.

    Να σημειωθεί ότι για προέλευση λογαριάζω τη γλώσσα από την οποία μπήκε η λέξη στα ελληνικά. Έτσι, δεν υπολογίζω στον κατάλογο το βαμπίρ, που έχει μεν σλαβική αρχή αλλά εμείς το πήραμε από τα γαλλικά, ενώ υπολογίζω την τσέργα, που είναι αντιδάνειο λατινογενές, αλλά μπήκε στην ελληνική γλώσσα από τα σερβικά -και είναι και το μοναδικό αντιδάνειο του καταλόγου. Παρόμοια περίπτωση είναι και η λ. βλάχος, που εμείς την πήραμε από σλάβικη γλώσσα, εχει όμως τρομακτικά ενδιαφέρουσα ιστορία που πρέπει κάποτε να γράψω (ανεβαίνουν τα χρέη του ιστολογίου…)

    Ο κατάλογος χωρίζεται σε τρία μέρη. Καταρχάς, έχουμε τις γενικές λέξεις σλαβικής προέλευσης:

    ασβός
    βάβω/μπάμπω
    βαγένι
    βάλτος
    βαρδάρης
    βερβερίτσα
    βίδρα
    βίτσα
    βλάχος
    βοεβόδας
    βολοδέρνω [κατά το ΛΚΝ μόνο, ο Μπαμπινιώτης παράγει τη λέξη από τον βώλο του χώματος]
    βρικόλακας
    γιάφκα
    γκλάβα
    γκλαβανή [η καταπακτή]
    γκορτσιά
    γουστερίτσα
    ζαβλακώνομαι [κατά Μπαμπινιώτη μόνο, το ΛΚΝ παράγει από ζαβώνω+βλακώνω]
    ζαλίκι [φορτίο, και ρ. ζαλικώνω/ζαλώνω]
    ζούζουλο [ζωύφιο]
    καρβέλι
    κλούβιος [κατά ΛΚΝ, ο Μπαμπινιώτης εκφράζει επιφυλάξεις]
    κόρα
    κόσα [γεωργικό κοπτικό εργαλείο]
    κοτσάνι [ο Μπαμπινιώτης θεωρεί πως είναι τουρκικό δάνειο, πιθανώς σλαβικής απώτερης αρχής]
    κοτσίδα [ο Μπαμπινιώτης δίνει ελληνική ετυμολογία]
    κουνάβι
    κούρκος
    κουρνιάζω
    κουτάβι
    λακκούβα [με παρετυμολογία προς τον λάκκο]
    λόγγος
    λούτσα [κατά Μπαμπινιώτη είναι αλβανικό δάνειο]
    μαγούλα
    μαζούτ [το ΛΚΝ το θεωρεί δάνειο από αγγλ. ή γαλλικά, ρωσικής αρχής]
    μόρα
    μουντός
    μπαλαμούτι
    μπάρα [με τη σημασία ‘λάκκος με νερά, λιμνούλα’]
    μπέμπελη
    μπουχός
    μπράτιμος
    μπροστέλα [με παρασύνδεση με τη λέξη ‘μπροστά’]
    ντόμπρος
    πάπρικα
    πέστροφα [παρετυμ. σύνδεση με το «επιστρέφω»]
    πλάβα [βάρκα λιμνίσια χωρίς καρίνα]
    πογκρόμ
    πρόγκα
    ραβάνι [το ρυθμικό βάδισμα αλόγου, ο πλαγιοτροχισμός]
    ραβασάκι
    ρεκάζω
    ρήσος [ο λύγκας]
    ρούχο
    σανός
    σβάρνα
    σέμπρος
    στούμπος
    τζόρας
    τραντάζω [ο Μπαμπινιώτης δίνει και ελληνική εκδοχή]
    τρόικα
    τσαντίλα [το αραιοφαμένο σακούλι]
    τσάρος
    τσέλιγκας
    τσίπα
    τσίτσα [ξύλινο δοχείο για κρασί]
    χουγιάζω
    Ως εδώ ο κατάλογος έχει 67 λέξεις, που τις λέω «γενικές» γιατί τις πήρα από δύο μεγάλα γενικά λεξικά. Συμπληρώνω τώρα με 20 λέξεις που θα μπορούσαμε να τις πούμε «πολιτισμικές», με την έννοια ότι αναφέρονται ειδικά σε πρόσωπα και πράγματα σλαβόφωνων χωρών. Βέβαια, και στον πρώτο κατάλογο υπάρχουν κάποιες λέξεις που μπορούν να θεωρηθούν τέτοιες (τσάρος κτλ.) αλλά χρησιμοποιούνται και εγχώρια. Οι λέξεις αυτές θα μπορούσαν να είναι περισσότερες. Διάλεξα 20 για να βγει 100 ο τελικός αριθμός. Φυσικά για κάποιες από αυτές είναι υποκειμενικό αν θα καταταγούν στον ένα ή στον άλλο κατάλογο.

    αγκιτάτορας
    βότκα
    ιντελιγκέντσια
    κνούτο
    κολεκτίβα
    κολχόζ
    κουλάκος
    μενσεβίκος
    μουζίκος
    μπολσεβίκος
    νομενκλατούρα
    ντιρεκτίβα
    περεστρόικα
    πιροσκί
    προβοκάτσια
    ρούβλι
    σαμοβάρι
    σοβιέτ
    σπούτνικ
    φράξια
    Όπως βλέπετε, κάμποσες από αυτές τις λέξεις είναι λατινογενείς (ιντελιγκέντσια, νομενκλατούρα κτλ.) αλλά εμείς τις πήραμε από τα ρώσικα όπως δείχνει η κατάληξη. Ξαναλέω, θα μπορούσα εύκολα να συμπεριλάβω άλλες τόσες λέξεις -τελευταία στιγμή έσβησα τον αταμάνο και τη γκλάσνοστ για να βγει στρογγυλό το νούμερο.

    Το οποίο βγαίνει στρογγυλό επειδή θα προσθέσω και 13 ιδιωματικές λέξεις από τις «Λέξεις που χάνονται», διότι αν δεν παινέψεις το βιβλίο σου ο εκδότης δεν θα το επανεκδώσει.

    αστρέχα [το γείσο της στέγης]
    βεδούρι [ξύλινο δοχείο για το γάλα]
    γράνα [χαντάκι]
    γρεντιά [ξύλινο δοκάρι]
    καρούτα [ποτίστρα για τα ζώα]
    καρτόφι [πατάτες στα ποντιακά]
    καστραβέτσι [αγγούρι]
    μισίρκα [γαλοπούλα στα σερρέικα]
    οβορός [περιφραγμένη αυλή]
    πλόσκα [ξύλινο φλασκί]
    σμερδάκι [χαμοδράκι, είδος ξωτικού]
    σουβάλα [φυσικός ταμιευτήρας νερού]
    τσέργα [βελέντζα]
    Και για να ολοκληρώσουμε τη δουλειά μας, ενοποιούμε τους τρεις πίνακες σε έναν και έχουμε 100 ελληνικές λέξεις σλαβικής προέλευσης:



    αγκιτάτορας
    ασβός
    αστρέχα [το γείσο της στέγης]
    βάβω/μπάμπω
    βαγένι
    βάλτος
    βαρδάρης
    βεδούρα [ξύλινο δοχείο για το γάλα]
    βερβερίτσα
    βίδρα
    βίτσα
    βλάχος
    βοεβόδας
    βολοδέρνω [κατά το ΛΚΝ μόνο, ο Μπαμπινιώτης παράγει τη λέξη από τον βώλο του χώματος]
    βότκα
    βρικόλακας
    γιάφκα
    γκλάβα
    γκλαβανή [η καταπακτή]
    γκορτσιά
    γουστερίτσα
    γράνα [χαντάκι]
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  9. #349
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    Now that nearly all of us have concluded that R1a is Satem and R1b is Centum, and that the R1b is in Greece since the antiquity, it's time to settle the Slavic presence in Greece in a simple way.

    Compare the Greek R1a and R1b to the Cypriot R1a and R1b.

    Remember that there is no claim for any Slavic invasion in Cyprus, although Hellenized Slavs would have certainly settled there over the ages.

    According to Eupedia, Greece has 11.5% R1a and 15.5% R1b, while Cyprus has 3% R1a and 9% R1b.

    Cyprus didn't take such a huge influx of Greek or Slavic settlers since the antiquity, judging from its' J2 predominance of 37%

    Therefore, much of that 3% R1a in Cyprus is not Slavic. How much though?

    The Slavic invasion took place around half the time between now and the Greek invasion of Greece - and Cyprus too.

    Despite that, the Cypriots have less than 2/3 of the Greeks in terms of R1b, a bit more than 58% to be precise.

    Let's say that in half that time, one would reduce the number by half to 30%, but I raise it midway between 30% and 58% to 45% of the Slavic DNA that would have reached Cyprus via Greek-Cypriot intermarriages (and the rest is Ancient Greek) assuming that the population moves were much more frequent and facilitated at a later time with more advanced ships which existed after the Slavs' invasion of Greece, as well as within an integrated empire (whether that was the Roman or the Ottoman) than while Cyprus was not part of the same state as Greece was - and that was the case most of the time before the Slavic invasion of Greece.

    So, the Slavic R1a DNA corresponding to 45% of the Cypriot DNA should be around 6.5%~7%, but if we concede that the Slavs who invaded Greece were not only R1a (but also included R1b, but not really I since the latter is more common in the Balkans than Russia or other Slavic states) the full number of the Slavic genes in Greece should be near 10% for both R1a (probably ~9%) and R1b (probably ~1%)

    If the total R1a in Greece is 11.5%, then the 9% which I assume to be Slavic in origin is ~80% of all the R1a in Greece, and that must be the maximum of Slavic genes in Greece, because unlike the direct colonization of proto-Greeks and Greeks in Cyprus from Arkadia (which gave rise to the Arkado-Cypriot dialect) there is no mention of a Slavic colonization of Cyprus ever, which means that all Slavic genes there must be the result of intermixing with Greeks/Anatolian speakers from either Greece proper or modern Turkey... And by knowing that the modern Turks have even scarcer R1a than my maximum estimate of Slavic invaders in Greece, the actual number can only be revised downwards from then on...
    Last edited by Petros Houhoulis; 03-03-2015 at 04:54 AM.

  10. #350
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    In 1438-1439 Byzantine traveller - Lascaris Cananus - visited the area of Lübeck (Λούπηκ) and wrote that the area near Lübeck was called Slavonia (Σθλαβουνία) and that its inhabitants - Wends - spoke a very similar language as Zygiotai (Ζυγιῶται), also known as Melingoi, who lived near the Taygetos Mountains.

    So even in 1438-1439 Slavic was still spoken in some parts of the Peloponnesus.

    Taygetos Mountains: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taygetus

    It was in the late 1400s or in the 1500s when the last of Peloponnesian Slavs were Hellenized.

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