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From a geographical point of view, Europe as a continent doesn't exist. It's in fact the western part of Asia.
Therefore, Europe is defined by its cultural characteristics. The common features of the European countries are Christianity and the Greco-Roman heritage.
Both can also be found in the Middle East. Moreover, Christianity originates in that region and until the Islamic conquest in the 7th century it was the dominating religion. And despite centuries of assimilation and opression, Christian communities can still be found there.
That's why the question arises wether Christian Middle Easterners can be regarded as Europeans?
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