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It seems that dying-and-resurrecting gods were generally more popular amongst women than men in ancient times. This was especially true of Dionysus. Whatever else his ancient character and function may have included, it is generally believed that Dionysus' popularity in Classical times is based to a large degree on the belief that he offered salvation to his believers.
The mystics associated him with the Nether World and Heaven, and Dionysus embodied the outstanding features of mystery religions: ecstasy, salvation from the daily world through physical or spiritual intoxication, and initiation into secret rites. After all, he had died but been resurrected, then finally ascended to Heaven. His cyclical retreats to the Nether World and final ascent to heavensuggested the possibility that eternal life was possible to his followers.
Dionysus was called a savior and redeemer, particularly as Dionysos Eleutherios (saviour). The statues of Dionysus found in tombs all have an egg in one hand, signifying the belief of his followers in resurrection through rebirth. Thus, eating eggs were prohibited in Orphic religion, for the prime object of Orphism was to escape from the unending cycle of reincarnation and arrival in the Eleusian Fields (i.e. heaven).
The Eleusinian mysteries, performed with respect to Dionysus, were performed as Autumn mysteries. The novices danced over the sacred road with music, being beaten and abused. Dionysus was born on December 25 - the winter solstice and common birthday of the dying-and-resurrecting savior-god who is associated with the birth of light.
He was resurrected on March 25 after dying three days earlier. In the night of 5th. January, when Dionysus changed water into wine, he married Ariadne. A mask with a beard was hung on a wooden pole in the Eleusinian mysteries. It was crowned with ivy was cloaked in a purple garment. This garment was supposed to be the same that he wore in the Netherworld, borrowing it from Persephone when he went there to resurrect his mother, the earth. He was also often depicted hanging from a cross.
In Crete, his festival included participants ripping apart a bull and eating the raw flesh. Similar kinds of frenzied celebrations continued in Macedonia and Thrace long after they had been tamed in Greece.
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