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Some people think Mamluks were Turkic (mostly Kipchaks with minor Kwarezm Turkomans like Aybak and Sultan Qutuz) and Circassian in the same time. It's not precisely like that because there was not a Turk sultan then a Circassian sultan then a Turk again and then a Circassian again. 1250 to 1517 the Mamluks were ruled by 2 dynasties so 2 different periods:
1- Bahri Dynasty: It's the Turkic lineage who ruled 1250-1382. Founded by Aybak al Turkmani who took from Ayyubids, it's golden period when Egypt expands, Mongols defeated, Crusaders defeated, Templars defeated, Cilician Armenia defeated (Baybars responded to help call from fellow Anatolian Turks)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahri_dynasty
2- Burji Dynasty: It's Circassian lineage 1382-1517. Circassians took over from Turks then the Mamluk state entered in regression period and eventually disappeared when Ottomans took it 1517.
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