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Thread: German Ostsee-Division in Finland, 1918

  1. #1
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    Default German Ostsee-Division in Finland, 1918

    A general topic for this historical curioisity.


    A memorial in Hanko (which I've been to).

    Also, one German soldier of the Ostsee-Division lies buried not far from my house. There were some running battles in my home area between retreating red guard units and the German advance.

    Die Ostsee-Division war ein ca. 12.000 Mann umfassender deutscher Interventionsverband unter dem Kommando von General Graf Rüdiger von der Goltz. Am 14. Februar 1918 bat die finnische Regierung Svinhufvud Deutschland um Hilfe gegen Zerstörungen und Metzeleien sozialistischer, von der russischen Revolution beeinflusster, Bürgerkriegstruppen.

    Der im März 1918 gebildete Heeresverband sollte im Finnischen Bürgerkrieg die bürgerlichen Truppen unter General Mannerheim im Kampf unterstützen. Es handelte sich dabei um Osttruppen, die nach dem Friedensvertrag von Brest-Litowsk zur neuen Verwendung bereit standen, es waren Gebirgs- und Radfahrtruppen, außerdem einige kleinere Formationen, die zur Bildung einer Division gemischter Waffen gehören: 3 Kavallerischützenregimenter; 3 Jägerbataillone; 5 Radfahrkompanien, 2 Gebirgs-Maschinengewehrabteilungen; 1 Bayerische Gebirgs-Feldartillerieabteilung; 2 schwere Batterien; 1 Reitereskadron; 1 Pionierkompanie; bsw Divisionstruppen. Dazu kam das „Landungsdetachement Brandenstein“: 255. Reserveinfanterieregiment (3 Bataillone); 1 Radfahrbataillon; 1 Reitereskadron; 2 Batterien und die Finnischen Jäger des 27. königlich-preussischen Jägerbataillions (Hptm. Ausfeldt), das aus 2000 deutschausgebildeten finnischen Freiwilligen aufgestellt war sowie ein finnisches Freiwilligenbataillon „Theslef“. Die Einheit wurde extra für den Einsatz im Finnischen Bürgerkrieg aufgestellt und landete am 3. April 1918 in Hanko. Während des Bürgerkriegs war sie in Helsinki und Lahti eingesetzt.

    Teile der Ostsee-Division und ihr energischer Kommandeur gehörten später zu den Ursprüngen der baltendeutschen Freikorpsbewegung.
    The Baltic Sea Division (German: Ostsee-Division) was a 10,000 man German military unit commanded by Rüdiger von der Goltz. During the Finnish Civil War, in April 1918, it landed at Hanko and moved towards Helsinki and Lahti. The Baltic Sea Division quickly took back Helsinki from the Social Democrats of Finland, who had previously deposed the official government in Helsinki. This enabled the Senate to come back to Helsinki.

    The division was requested by the Finnish Senate of Vaasa to help the Whites. The Senate of Finland urged the people of Finland to provide food, shelter, and any other aid needed by the Baltic Sea Division.
    -wikipedia

    Awesome marching song with pictures of the Ostsee-Division:

    [YOUTUBE]2kvAqaeq59o[/YOUTUBE]
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    I've heard stories from my mother, who in turn heard them from my grandfather, who was a little lad of about 4 years of age during the Civil War, that the Germans came ashore in their hometown of Loviisa. Supposedly a German soldier on horseback rode into the town church during worship (the Germans landed around noon) to inform the townsfolk of the arrival of the Germans and their imminent liberation from red terror.

    I always assumed that they had been part of the Ostsee-Division, but it turns out they were a different unit, Detachement Brandenstein:

    Detachment Brandenstein was a unit commanded by German Baron Otto von Brandenstein. The 3,000 man unit which fought in the Finnish Civil War by landing at Loviisa April 7, 1918. Its assigned mission was to cut the Reds' railway connections by attacking to the East, thus cutting the railway between Helsinki and Viipuri.

    Later the unit was attached to the Baltic Sea Division.
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