6
Early Slavic invention which revolutionized the world
THE HEAVY PLOUGH:
"These plough remains are of particular interest as they indicate whether the
instrument was symmetrical or asymmetrical. An asymmetrical share would be consistent
with the existence of heavy ploughs, but it has been suggested by Wailes (1972) that
asymmetrical ards have existed. The earliest evidence of asymmetrical shares comes from
Roman Britain where three such parts have been found (Manning 1964; Wailes 1972). Yet
Manning (1964) argues that the bow ard was the normal plough of the period, as noted above.
More systematic evidence on the evolution of shares is given in Henning (1987) for South
Eastern Europe, which encompasses parts of the Balkans as well as Hungary and Slovakia.
Henning shows that from the 3rd to the 6th century there is no systematic asymmetry in the
shares found, but concludes that for the period from the 7th to the 10th century there is a
strong “overweight of left-sided asymmetry” (1987, p. 55). This is consistent with White’s
view that Slavic tribes had the heavy plough from around AD 600. Other asymmetrical shares
are covered in Lerche (1994), where German and Czech findings of plough shares dating
back to the 11th century or later are discussed. This is similar to the Danish evidence
discussed by Larsen (2011) mentioned above."
"Linguistic evidence
White (1962) argues that Slavs may have introduced the heavy plough and that it therefore
diffused from east to west starting in the late 6th century. This conclusion was reached by
considering evidence indicating that a word for plough and many associated terms existed in
all of the three Slavic linguistic groups. More specifically, White (1962, p. 50) reasons that
“since the Slavic vocabulary surrounding plug probably would have developed rapidly, once
the Slavs got the heavy plough, we have no reason to date its arrival among them very long
before the Avar Invasion of 568.” He also points out that the word ‘plough’ first appears in
written form in 643 in Northern Italy as the Lombardian ‘plovum’ in the Langobaridan
Edictus Rothari.
For South Western Germany, the Lex Alemannorum shows that the word
‘carruca’ had come to mean a plough with two wheels in front by the 8th century. There is
also written evidence for a heavy plough in Wales in the 10th century in the laws of Hywel
Dda (White 1962, pp. 50-51). Puhvel (1964) notes that the word for plough (plogr) does not
appear in old Norse before AD 1000, whence it probably spread to 11th century England,
where ‘plog’ or ‘ploh’ replaced the older word ‘sulh’."
http://www.ehes.org/EHES_70.pdf
"When and Why Was the Heavy Plough Invented?
The development of the heavy plough by the Medieval Europeans began around the sixth century A.D. There are no recordings of a specific person inventing the heavy plough, but there are theories regarding its true origins. One theory is that it first appeared in lower Slavic lands—Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia—in 500 A.D. because the prior plough had not been efficiently tilling the land. The southern Slavs, despite bordering the Adriatic and Aegean Seas, had the same clay-like soil, just like most of northern Europe. Being in such close contact with the Mediterranean civilizations, the Slavs were in constant competition with trade. This posed as a problem for the Slavs as they were unable to keep up with Mediterranean competition and their economy and population decreased as a result."
https://sites.google.com/a/brvgs.k12.va.us/...pe/heavy-plough
"The linguistic root of the term "plow" in Germanic and Slavic is of unknown origin, but the development of indigenous terms for its parts and its use in both language groups argues that these peoples were familiar with the tool by about the fifth or sixth century. Thus it seems certain that the plow had non-Roman origins, whether in the damp coastal grasslands of the North Sea coast, as some would have it, or along the northern slopes of the eastern Alps or Carpathians, as others believe."
http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/whic/ReferenceD...f638ec6996d9a47
"The new heavy, wheeled plow, with an iron plowshare, fits into this picture as well. This type of plow appears to be an invention of the Slavic world and appears to have come into Western Europe in the Carolingian period. It was used on large estates: on the estates of the Carolingian family, on the estates of the greatest churches and monasteries. But it wasn’t widely used, perhaps, until the 11th century or so when it finally began to proliferate throughout Europe."
https://www.thegreatcoursesdaily.com/rise-e...pe-middle-ages/
So called "cult wagons":
Modern day "cult wagon":
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Originally Posted by welder0
United States
Heathenry
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