Originally Posted by
alzo zero
In my neck of the woods, "to work" is "laurà" (vs. standard Italian "lavorare") so we don't share that with you guys. On the other hand in Southern Italy they also use something like "travagghiu" I think, perhaps a remnant of the French colonisation.
In 'the West', <laborare> is used with the meaning of 'work the land, cultivate' (French 'labourer', Catalan 'llaurar', Spanish 'labrar', Portuguese 'lavrar').
I wouldn't say 'travailler' is French, as it's also used in West Iberia ('trabajar', 'trabalhar').
Originally Posted by
alzo zero
"Bosc" is almost the same in Italian "bosco",
Spanish and Portuguese also have 'bosque', but they took it from Catalan-Occitan 'bosc'. They used 'selva' before, which now they use for a thick wood. Aragonese still uses 'selva' as wood.
Originally Posted by
Ouistreham
Monsu and drapo are obviously French (or Franco-Provençal) borrowings.
I think so. In Catalan, the words 'monsenyor', 'mossènyer' o 'mossèn' were used first to address high classes but now they're only use as religious titles. A mossèn is a priest today, for instance.
Originally Posted by
Ouistreham
Most of the other words are found in Occitan as well, and some in Occitan only. Especially crava : goat is in French chèvre (Franco-Provençal: [t]chièvre/a), in Occitan cabra but it is often modified by metathesis in craba.
I agree. Aragonese also has metathesis: crapa, craba. I'd say metathesis is specially a Gascon-Aragonese thing.
Originally Posted by
Ouistreham
Uuh? "Before the phrases", or after the verb?
At any rate, the fact that one of the most illogical French phenomens (the use of pas only as a negation adverb in colloquial speech) has pervaded in Occitan and made inroads into Catalan and Piedmontese is stunning to say the least.
Pas is used in Catalan to reinforce the negative:
No ho sé pas (I don't know it at all).
Vindràs? No pas! (Will you come? No way!)
It is also found in Aragonese.
Another more uncommon Gallo-Roman negative particle is: point (in French) / pon (in Aragonese) / punt (in Old Catalan).
French: Le cœur a ses raisons que la raison ne connaît point. (The heart has its reasons that reason knows not.)
Western Aragonese: D'ixo no en queda pon. (Of this, nothing is left.)
Also common to the Gallo-Roman languages is the use of guère / g(u)aire for a negative quantity:
He hardly ate anything.
French: Il n'a guère mangé.
Occitan: A pas gaire manjat.
Catalan: No ha menjat gaire.
Aragonese: No ha minchato guaire.
For that use, both Italian and West Iberian (Spanish&Portuguese) would use molto/mucho/muito.
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