An exceprt from The English Longbowman 1330-1515.
"Perhaps the best description of English archers we have is from a Spanish chronicle from the end of the 15th century, especially important as it was written by an impartial foreign observer. It is valuable because it illustrates the attitude of the English soldier and his behavior in battle and proves the exceptions to the normally accepted ratio of men-at-arms to archers and the way of fighting.
In 1486 Sir Edward Woodville took a retinue of 200 men-at-arms and 100 archers to Spain to help fight the Moors in the conquest of Granada. Friar Antonio Agapida, when writing his 'chronicle of the conquest of Granada' described the the Englishmen thus : '
This cavalier was from the island of England and brought with him a train of his vassals, men who had been hardened in certain civil wars that had raged in their country. They were a comely race of man but too fair and fresh for [the appearance] of warriors. They were huge feeders and deep carousers and could not accommodate themselves to the sober diet of our troops, but must fain eat and drink after the manner of their own country. They were often noisy and unruly, also, in their wassail and their quarter of the camp was prone to be a scene of loud revel and sudden brawl, they were withal great pride, yet it was not like our inflammable Spanish pride... their pride was silent and contumelious. Though from a remote and somewhat barbarous island, they yet believed themselves the most perfect men on earth... With all this, it must be said of them that they were marvelous good men in the field, dexterous archers and powerful with the battle-axe. In their great pride and self will, they always sought to press in their advantage and take the post of the danger... They did not rush in fiercely, or make a brilliant onset, like the Moorish and Spanish troops but when into the fight deliberately, and persisted obstinately and were slow to find out when they were beaten'.
And later, in recording an action during the siege of the Moorish city of Loja, the friar continued
'He [ i.e. Woodville] was followed by a body of his yeomen armed in a like manner [that is, with swords and battle axes] and by a band of archers with bows made of the tough English yew tree. The earl turned to his troops and addressed them bluntly according to the manner of the country. "Remember my merry men all" he said, "the eyes of strangers are upon you. You are in a foreign land, fighting for the glory of God and the honour of Merry Old England!" A loud shout was the reply. The earl waved his battle-axe over his head. "St.George for England" he cried. they soon made their way into the midst the enemy but when engaged in the hottest of the fight they made no shouts or outcries. they passed steadily forward dealing blows right and left, hewing down Moors, and cutting their way with their battle axes like woodmen in the forest, while the archers, pressing into the opening they made, plied their bows vigorously and spread death on every side'."
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