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Probably a combination of multiple factors that were both internal and external. I think there was a connection between the Celto-Roman culture of the Isles and Germanic cultures through trade. As the Celto-Roman culture started to dwindle the rate at which Germanic peoples migrated to the lands of England picked up rapidly.
I think it is possible that the Anglo-Saxon invasions were a reaction to Roman pressures from the South and West. When these pressures were relieved it caused the Germanic peoples to react by migrating to England.
This aggressive mentality was probably imbued as a defensive reaction to previous threats, namely the expansion of Romans relatively close to the Germanic areas of Northern Europe. In a sense it could be said that the Romans provoked the wave of Germanic invasions to some extent or another throughout Europe, though unconsciously so.
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