Dorian
01-06-2014, 03:19 PM
People of Fayum[edit]
Under Greco-Roman rule, Egypt hosted several Greek settlements, mostly concentrated in Alexandria, but also in a few other cities, where Greek settlers lived alongside some seven to ten million native Egyptians.[10] Faiyum's earliest Greek inhabitants were soldier-veterans and cleruchs (elite military officials) who were settled by the Ptolemaic kings on reclaimed lands.[11][12] Native Egyptians also came to settle in Faiyum from all over the country, notably the Nile Delta, Upper Egypt, Oxyrhynchus and Memphis, to undertake the labor involved in the land reclamation process, as attested by personal names, local cults and recovered papyri.[13] It is estimated that as much as 30 percent of the population of Faiyum was Greek during the Ptolemaic period, with the rest being native Egyptians.[14] By the Roman period, much of the "Greek" population of Faiyum was made-up of either Hellenized Egyptians or people of mixed Egyptian-Greek origins.[15]
A portrait from the late 1st century CE. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
While commonly believed to represent Greek settlers in Egypt,[16][17] the Faiyum portraits instead reflect the complex synthesis of the predominant Egyptian culture and that of the elite Greek minority in the city.[18] According to Walker, the early Ptolemaic Greek colonists married local women and adopted Egyptian religious beliefs, and by Roman times, their descendants were viewed as Egyptians by the Roman rulers, despite their own self-perception of being Greek.[19] The dental morphology[20] of the Roman-period Faiyum mummies was also compared with that of earlier Egyptian populations, and was found to be "much more closely akin" to that of ancient Egyptians than to Greeks or other European populations.[21]
http://s9.postimg.org/bjn3wrfvf/fayum1.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/bjn3wrfvf/)
http://s9.postimg.org/4bg2l7sij/fayum2.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/4bg2l7sij/)
http://s9.postimg.org/k9k6xlxcr/fayum3.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/k9k6xlxcr/)
http://s9.postimg.org/dhtrur8d7/fayum4.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/dhtrur8d7/)
http://s9.postimg.org/nbaz7kahn/fayum5.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/nbaz7kahn/)
http://s9.postimg.org/m3x1fckd7/fayum6.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/m3x1fckd7/)
http://s9.postimg.org/6z0xhtw63/fayum7.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/6z0xhtw63/)
http://s9.postimg.org/az82u2mmz/fayum8.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/az82u2mmz/)
http://s9.postimg.org/911ew2u57/fayum9.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/911ew2u57/)
http://s9.postimg.org/n2hzvdn2z/fayum10.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/n2hzvdn2z/)
http://s9.postimg.org/bngxd0lcr/fayum11.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/bngxd0lcr/)
Under Greco-Roman rule, Egypt hosted several Greek settlements, mostly concentrated in Alexandria, but also in a few other cities, where Greek settlers lived alongside some seven to ten million native Egyptians.[10] Faiyum's earliest Greek inhabitants were soldier-veterans and cleruchs (elite military officials) who were settled by the Ptolemaic kings on reclaimed lands.[11][12] Native Egyptians also came to settle in Faiyum from all over the country, notably the Nile Delta, Upper Egypt, Oxyrhynchus and Memphis, to undertake the labor involved in the land reclamation process, as attested by personal names, local cults and recovered papyri.[13] It is estimated that as much as 30 percent of the population of Faiyum was Greek during the Ptolemaic period, with the rest being native Egyptians.[14] By the Roman period, much of the "Greek" population of Faiyum was made-up of either Hellenized Egyptians or people of mixed Egyptian-Greek origins.[15]
A portrait from the late 1st century CE. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
While commonly believed to represent Greek settlers in Egypt,[16][17] the Faiyum portraits instead reflect the complex synthesis of the predominant Egyptian culture and that of the elite Greek minority in the city.[18] According to Walker, the early Ptolemaic Greek colonists married local women and adopted Egyptian religious beliefs, and by Roman times, their descendants were viewed as Egyptians by the Roman rulers, despite their own self-perception of being Greek.[19] The dental morphology[20] of the Roman-period Faiyum mummies was also compared with that of earlier Egyptian populations, and was found to be "much more closely akin" to that of ancient Egyptians than to Greeks or other European populations.[21]
http://s9.postimg.org/bjn3wrfvf/fayum1.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/bjn3wrfvf/)
http://s9.postimg.org/4bg2l7sij/fayum2.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/4bg2l7sij/)
http://s9.postimg.org/k9k6xlxcr/fayum3.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/k9k6xlxcr/)
http://s9.postimg.org/dhtrur8d7/fayum4.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/dhtrur8d7/)
http://s9.postimg.org/nbaz7kahn/fayum5.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/nbaz7kahn/)
http://s9.postimg.org/m3x1fckd7/fayum6.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/m3x1fckd7/)
http://s9.postimg.org/6z0xhtw63/fayum7.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/6z0xhtw63/)
http://s9.postimg.org/az82u2mmz/fayum8.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/az82u2mmz/)
http://s9.postimg.org/911ew2u57/fayum9.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/911ew2u57/)
http://s9.postimg.org/n2hzvdn2z/fayum10.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/n2hzvdn2z/)
http://s9.postimg.org/bngxd0lcr/fayum11.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/bngxd0lcr/)