The Greek cities and building in Sicily

[Tiberio]

Siracusa founded by Greeks from Corinth in 734 a.C

http://s18.postimg.org/5hrudhsd5/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

Orecchio di Dionisio

http://s16.postimg.org/r5bibamid/04_Siracusa_Orecchio_Dionisio.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

Apollos Temple

http://s16.postimg.org/fhhggqxdh/Siracusa_tempio_di_Apollo.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

Eurial Castle

http://s16.postimg.org/yws89uqnp/Siracusa_Castello_Eurialo_01.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

Greek theatre

http://s16.postimg.org/3tnem788l/Syracuse_theatre2.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Tiberio]

Messina original first name Zancle, founded by the Messini of Peloponnese in 756 a.C

http://s14.postimg.org/69ugphrup/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

Panoramic view of the Strait, no greek building survivors today.

http://s27.postimg.org/emsm5wi2r/Messina_Strait.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/aqfa9wx33/full/)

[Tiberio]

Naxos, modern Giardini-Naxos founded in 735 a.C by the greeks from Chalkida.

http://s29.postimg.org/7xi6ayghj/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/iie8slg8j/Ruderi_Piazza_Apollo_Archegeta.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/bggb6ecmr/Ruderi_Piazza_Apollo_Archegeta_1.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/ua243eaur/Scavi_Archeologici.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/8q6z97fxv/tombe.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/l3jtg45mb/tombe3.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Tiberio]

Another colony of Chalkida, Lentini founded in 729 a.C.

http://s10.postimg.org/yoklyur7d/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/5z2bfycl5/Lentini_Leontinoi_Ausgrabungen.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/u2t348v1x/full/)

http://s17.postimg.org/71qxetw67/image.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s17.postimg.org/k4mjy3me7/image.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s17.postimg.org/evrj083z3/image.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Tiberio]

Agrigento, greek name Akragas, founded by the Cretans in 580 a.C.

http://s21.postimg.org/c7aovk75j/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/vnamzfu7r/31596_agrigento_valle_dei_templi.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/gepazepx3/Agrigento_Valle_dei_Templi.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/5rvhtzhrn/full/)

http://s13.postimg.org/r6ia0rfzr/Agrigento_concordia_temple.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/l6uix3v7b/Valle_dei_Templi.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/ipirpubar/full/)

http://s13.postimg.org/n8v0bct6f/valle_dei_templi_1.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/aewyi0fqv/VALLE_TEMPLI_Copia.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Sikeliot]

With the exception of deep inland, all of Sicily was eventually settled by Greeks, or taken over by other Greek settlements already founded.

[alfieb]

Ear of Dionysius may not have been made by Greeks or any humans. It's speculated that the cave may have been created by nature.

[Tiberio]

With the exception of deep inland, all of Sicily was eventually settled by Greeks, or taken over by other Greek settlements already founded.

Yes, you will have many surprises when I will post all the colonies in this thread.

[Tiberio]

Ear of Dionysius may not have been made by Greeks or any humans. It's speculated that the cave may have been created by nature.

Yes, it's the symbol of the Tyrant era of Sicily.

[Sikeliot]

Yes, you will have many surprises when I will post all the colonies in this thread.

The area around where my great grandmother was from (Carini, Palermo province) was originally inhabited by Sicanians, but then Greeks conquered the area, sold the Sicanians into slavery in Athens, and repopulated it.

[Tiberio]

You can notice the distribution of Greek theatre in Sicily.
They was also founded in the Elymian cities, this is possible with the idea that or the Elymians were Hellenized or the Elymians were a Greek tribe mixed with the native Sicanians.

http://i.imgur.com/EvzKOOd.png

[Sikeliot]

Elymians were from Anatolia. Chances are their language was Indo-European and similar to Greek to begin with.

[Tiberio]

Uhm the idea of Elymians of Trojan exiles came from the myth, it's the same from the Romans, anyways the Archaeologists have not founded correspondences. I'd think they were more likely Sicanian-Greek mix and you can find that in their art and archaeological sites.

[Tiberio]

Megara Hyblaea, near modern city of Augusta, founded in 728 a.C from the Greeks of Megara.

http://s18.postimg.org/rwuqw07a1/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/pjlrn19h3/20080112_MG_0580_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/pedezmcs7/20080112_MG_0639_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/j4i5cmddj/20080112_MG_0646_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/e4kp4o7qv/20080112_MG_0649_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/y355kshtj/20080112_MG_0659_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/tc0op0zlj/20090510_IMG_0532_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/z7z7q64af/20090510_IMG_0546_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/s3heh4x13/20090510_IMG_0549_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Sikeliot]

Uhm the idea of Elymians of Trojan exiles came from the myth, it's the same from the Romans, anyways the Archaeologists have not founded correspondences. I'd think they were more likely Sicanian-Greek mix and you can find that in their art and archaeological sites.

This isn't true. It is likely that they were Anatolian, since Anatolians originally spoke Indo-European languages related to Greek; the Elymians were able to communicate with Greeks even before adopting the Greek language, which implies the languages were related.

Sicanians were the original inhabitants of Sicily, probably from the Bronze Age. There has been 0 proof they were Iberian unlike what was originally claimed.

[Tiberio]

There aren't archaeological finds that show that Elymians came from Troy though. Actually we do not even know if they were Indo-Europeans.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elymian_language

[Sikeliot]

It's likely pre-Greek Sicilians were of similar type ancestry as Greeks to begin with, and that would explain why Sicilians are all genetically alike and on 23andme have relatives all over the island.

[Tiberio]

It's likely pre-Greek Sicilians were of similar type ancestry as Greeks to begin with, and that would explain why Sicilians are all genetically alike and on 23andme have relatives all over the island.

Rosa Albanese Procelli (archaeologist) in his book has his hypotesis regarding the pre Greek people of Sicily. For her they was basically the same people of Italic origins (like Enotrians and king Italo) but divided in different tribes. She bases his theories on archaeological finds that they are all identical and later Hellenized in the Greek era.

[Sikeliot]

Rosa Albanese Procelli (archaeologist) in his book has his hypotesis regarding the pre Greek people of Sicily. For her they was basically the same people of Italic origins (like Enotrians and king Italo) but divided in different tribes. She bases his theories on archaeological finds that they are all identical and later Hellenized in the Greek era.

I don't think they were all Italic. I think the pre-Greek people, the Sicanians, were genetically similar to modern southern Italians and Greeks, of Neolithic origins. I think that the spread of Italic and Elymian languages do not mean a massive settlement, but the dominance of the cultures.. then, all of them were Hellenized.

[Tiberio]

Because all Italy was already inhabited before the arrival of the Italic. So the pre-Italic people was absorbed.

[Tiberio]

Eraclea Minoa, modern Cattolica Eraclea, founded by Cretans in 600 a.C.

http://s10.postimg.org/j6oz515bt/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s18.postimg.org/k1bzfzt95/teatro_eraclea_minoa.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/vipuwoawn/Eraclea_Minoa_Theatre_flickr.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/ut72kbacz/full/)

http://s13.postimg.org/k1e3iykaf/Eraclea_Minoa_Haus.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/vqi36xb8z/full/)

[Sikeliot]

Due to the strong genetic and phenotypical similarities between Sicilians and Cretans, one of three things, or some combination of them, are likely true:

1) A lot of the Greeks settling Sicily were Cretans
2) Pre-Greek Sicilians and Cretans were both of similar stock
3) Minoan contacts with Sicily, which are documented, had an impact on the population before Greek speakers even landed there

[Tiberio]

A lot of cities were also founded by Corinth and Chalkida, the Cretans founded cities in the southern coast.

[Sikeliot]

A lot of cities were also founded by Corinth and Chalkida, the Cretans founded cities in the southern coast.

Corinthians are not, today at least, genetically similar to Sicilians. So I suspect we should turn to the second two points I listed as explanations for the Cretan similarity.

[Tiberio]

There is a myth of Cocalo and Dedalo regarding the Cretans and indigenous Sicilians.

[Tiberio]

Ghelas, modern Gela, another city founded by the Cretans in 689 a.C.

http://s23.postimg.org/fu28hie0b/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/85r4eudtf/acropoli_di_gela.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s11.postimg.org/how7ukbxv/filename_pict1208_jpg.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Sikeliot]

There is a myth of Cocalo and Dedalo regarding the Cretans and indigenous Sicilians.

It shows they had contact with one another. I would bet they had common roots. I know neither Minoans nor Sicanians spoke Indo-European languages, and both sailed and raided the eastern Mediterranean coasts. I suspected a link between Sicanians, Minoans and Philistines.

[Tiberio]

Neolithic Pelasgian stock imo.

[Sikeliot]

Neolithic Pelasgian stock imo.

It's likely both Sicilians and Cretans are very close to the original Neolithic farmers who came into Europe (what geneticists call the "EEF" component -- Early European Farmer).

[Tiberio]

Selinunte, near modern Castelvetrano, sub-colony of Megara Iblea founded by the Megaresi in 628 a.C.

This is the greatest for extension, archaeological site of Europe.

http://s11.postimg.org/h975wblv7/Immagine.jpg (/)

http://s2.postimg.org/ogxheqrm1/Selinunte_Akropolis_bjs_2.jpg (/image/b00ivvhad/full/)

http://s2.postimg.org/hcb2ryuyx/Sicily_Selinunte_Temple_E_Hera.jpg (/image/wxsebx6x1/full/)

[Pausanias]

Bravo for this thread.

Fratelli per sempre :)

[Tiberio]

Thanks, the list is still so long XD

[Sikeliot]

Termini Imerese is another one.

I think it is important to list them all. Always so much emphasis on Normans, Arabs, Spaniards etc but Greeks were the only foreigners, if they can be considered such back then, to leave any real trace genetically.

[Tiberio]

Himera near modern Termini Imerese, founded by greeks from Chalkida and Messina in 648 a.C.

http://s29.postimg.org/w91cpwbkn/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/bj4k3p9dl/13_Himera.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/9jnycaf21/Himera_necropoli_occidentale.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/6yidorpo9/himera_1.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/j2xn5r2k9/Laminetta_aurea_Himera.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/3sxryk721/panoramica.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s24.postimg.org/na9cwfr39/Himera_Viktoriatempel_Detail.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/erzws3kkh/full/)

http://s24.postimg.org/duthj892d/image003.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Casandrinos]

Termini Imerese is another one.

I think it is important to list them all. Always so much emphasis on Normans, Arabs, Spaniards etc but Greeks were the only foreigners, if they can be considered such back then, to leave any real trace genetically.

Why everything has to be about genetics? Aren't there any other factors that bond cultures?

i think you have an obsession

[Highlands]

Termini Imerese is another one.

I think it is important to list them all. Always so much emphasis on Normans, Arabs, Spaniards etc but Greeks were the only foreigners, if they can be considered such back then, to leave any real trace genetically.
Sicilians are more albanian than Greek but this side of ancestry isn't as acknowledged because of low novelty.

[Casandrinos]

Sicilians are more albanian than Greek but this side of ancestry isn't as acknowledged because of low novelty.

lol here comes the swarthy wannabe

[Highlands]

lol here comes the swarthy wannabe

I don't want to be too swarthy.

You can't deny the influence of Arbereshë in Sicilian gene pool.

[Panormus]

Why everything has to be about genetics? Aren't there any other factors that bond cultures?

i think you have an obsession

Because he is a Greek wannabe. Too bad for him, Sicilians are Italian and he will be butthurt for the rest of his life

[Casandrinos]

I don't want to be too swarthy.

You can't deny the influence of Arbereshë in Sicilian gene pool.

How much swarthy is acceptable?

I don't deny anything. But i don't see any Arbereshe cultural influence in Sicilia.


Because he is a Greek wannabe. Too bad for him, Sicilians are Italian and he will be butthurt for the rest of his life

Yeah i think no Greek claimed they're not Italians.

Sikel is a league on his own.

[Tiberio]

There is an high Arbereshe influences in Western Sicily and Northern Calabria too also.

[Casandrinos]

There is an high Arbereshe influences in Western Sicily and Northern Calabria too also.

Surnames and villages?

i had other things in mind when i refered to influences.

[Tiberio]

Yes but many Arbereshe were absorbed in the great cities like Palermo and Cosenza.
Anyways this concerns areas of influences smaller than the Greek colonization and Byzantine Empire.

[Tiberio]

Akrai, modern Palazzolo Acreide, founded by Corinthians in 663 a.C.

http://s4.postimg.org/ycr5trj6l/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s30.postimg.org/p96e4v1cx/A4008124.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s30.postimg.org/db4tqyxlt/Palazzolo_Acreide_Theater.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/jotwu82hp/full/)

[Sikeliot]

Sicilians are more albanian than Greek but this side of ancestry isn't as acknowledged because of low novelty.

This isn't true. Arbereshe have kind of stayed to themselves, fewer of them have been assimilated. Italian-speaking Sicilians on the other hand do have Greek ancestry dating back.

Greeks and Albanians though are much more related to one another.

[Tiberio]

There are many absorbed Arbereshe in Palermo, Cosenza and minor in Trapani and Crotone. Anyway we are OT, remaining in topic.

[Tiberio]

Kamarina, today abandoned but near the village of Scoglitti, founded in 598 a.C by Corinthians and Syracusans.

http://s9.postimg.org/4rykyvptb/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/tvk8wmctr/800px_Camarina_Quartier_Altare_02.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/osybo3e5r/Aryballos_corinzio.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/6g2br9t2n/Camarina_Temple_Athena_01.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/r7q78iuen/fondamenta_tempio_jpg.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/6z2tmsv3j/ricostruzione_tempio_di_ate.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s9.postimg.org/rlrj84ei7/veduta_dinsieme.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Sikeliot]

There was a member here with family in Trapani who said her grandfather's haplogroup was a J2 subclade also common in Greece. I don't remember the name of the town though.

[Ulla]

This isn't true. Arbereshe have kind of stayed to themselves, fewer of them have been assimilated.

Not true.

[Ulla]

Tempio di Segesta.

http://www.sicilytravelling.com/socialblog/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/tempio-di-segesta.jpg

http://www.alfiogarozzo.it/categoria-archeologia/sicilia-segesta/segesta-veduta-del-tempio-11396.jpg

http://www.cicciapausi.it/images/Sicilia/TP_Segesta.png

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Segesta,_Tempio_greco_%28interno%29.jpg

http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/50292811.jpg

[Tiberio]

Segesta were apparently an indigenous city but the art and the culture were Hellenic. So i guess the indigenous italic-ligurian tribes were Hellenized and absorbed in the Greek-Siceliot population. The same is for Morgantina.

[Tiberio]

Tyndaris, modern Tindari, founded by Dionigi of Siracusa in 396 a.C and populated with Corinthians and Spartans mercenaries.

http://s15.postimg.org/6sa0fvkob/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s8.postimg.org/5qs853xit/IMG_3676.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/s2q0yhwmp/full/)

[Tiberio]

Morgantina located in center Sicily, this city was founded by an Italic tribe called Morgeti and Hellenized under the Syracusan influences in the whole Sicily with the Tyrants.

http://s10.postimg.org/cjip52j9l/MG_2297_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/a3gvr816x/MG_2298_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/qm4mk1ond/MG_2303_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/vjdlrf18p/MG_2315_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/u70i39t6x/MG_2346_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/vakmf8du1/MG_2352_DB.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s10.postimg.org/mxexkkemh/e8_teatro_morgantina.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

[Ianus]

Realy a nice thread Tiberio:thumbs up

[Tiberio]

Documentary of Segesta.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFG0i__FpY8

[Sikeliot]

Another important point is we don't know, during Byzantine rule, how many Greeks settled Sicily. It is likely that all of the major coastal cities, from Trapani to Messina to Palermo and so on, received influxes of Greeks. Though I am still partial to the idea that pre-Greek central and southern Italians were similar to Greeks in many ways.

[Tiberio]

Pope Agatone was of Greek origins in Palermo.
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Agatone

[Tiberio]

Solunto, near Santa Flavia. Generally this ancient city is consider the third phoenician emporium in Sicily with Palermo and Mozia/Lilibeo. In fact was initially an emporium but in 396 a.C the original emporium was razed by the Syracusans and they founded a sub-colony with Siceliots and Italiots mercenaries and family.

http://s3.postimg.org/oy5madgnn/Immagine.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/5btzv8p47/467_solunto1.jpg (http://postimage.org/)

http://s13.postimg.org/9wbkwfjfr/Solunto_Tempel.jpg (http://postimg.org/image/euz3ayn8j/full/)