DNA Results! Need some info on X2D

[Journeyman26]

Ok... got my DNA results back from the Genographic Project. No surprises, as my fathers family came from Emilia-Romagna, my yDNA haplogroup is R1b-U152. The old gaul-celto-italo subgroup very common in N.Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, France Austria etc.

But the one I am really interested in was my mtDNA, as it came back the relatively rare X2D. I did some cursory reading and looks like it is a relative ancient one, which developed in the Caucasus a long long time ago. I know X2A is a new world haplotype found in North America, but X2B,C,D,E,F,G are all old world. Furthermore X1A, X2B, X2E, X2F, X2G are all found at a relatively high rate among the Druze population in the Levant, but X2C and X2D are found at highest percentages in Europe (Romania, Greece, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Turkey etc.). This fits, as my mom is Greek.

Past that, I haven't been able to find too much. Any help would be appreciated.

[Graham]

Corded Ware has X2 mtdna & looking at it's distribution could be good for an ANE link.


Could have easily of went the R1b Route, where ANE is linked.

http://cache.eupedia.com/images/content/R1b-migration-map.jpghttp://www.eupedia.com/images/content/mtDNA-X-map.png

[Journeyman26]

My long term girlfriend is mtDNA group V3.. half Brit/half Fin Plenty of diversity in us for our future children.

[Kazimiera]

Congratulations!

Good luck finding more information about it! From own experience (being Halpgroup I) there isn't all that much information out there about the rarer haplogroups. I hope you find more info on X than I did on I.

[Journeyman26]

Congratulations!

Good luck finding more information about it! From own experience (being Halpgroup I) there isn't all that much information out there about the rarer haplogroups. I hope you find more info on X than I did on I.

Hahah I am starting to get the impression it will be hard to track down info. Most of the research done on X is on X2A (Native American one), and crazy people who think X is from Atlantis.

[Kazimiera]

Hahah I am starting to get the impression it will be hard to track down info. Most of the research done on X is on X2A (Native American one), and crazy people who think X is from Atlantis.

It seems that most of the research being done is on the Native American X and not the others. :(

Here is some information from the mtdna X group on FTDNA.



The mtDNA Haplogroup X Project was opened in May, 2006 as a resource for those wishing to learn more about their Haplogroup.

This project is open to all assigned to Haplogroup X by their mtDNA test results.

Haplogroup X diverged from Haplogroup N more than 30,000ybp. It further split more than 20,000ybp into 2 main subgroups, X1 and X2. Haplogroup X is found in Europe, the Near East, Central Asia, North Africa and North America, and is believed to have migrated to the Americas about 15,000 years ago, making up a very small component of the Native American population (less than 3%). Bryan Sykes in his Seven Daughters of Eve book named this mtDNA haplogroup Xenia.

Haplogroup X subclade X1 appears to be largely restricted to North Africa, East Africa and the Near East. It is characterized by an HVR2 mutation at 146. Haplogroup X1 is further divided into X1a and X1b.

Subclade X2 is more widely distributed throughout Mediterranean Europe, the Caucasus, the Near East and North America. Haplogroup X2 is divided into further subgroups. X2a is found in a few geographically diverse Native American populations, such as Navajo, Yakima and Ojibwa. It is characterized by a HVR mutations at 200 and 16213. Recent work has identified 2 sub branches of X2a. X2a1 in the Great Lakes area, and X2a2 in the west. Another Native American subgroup X2g has been identified as separate from X2a. X2b is the most geographically diverse, covering Europe and the Near East. It is characterized by an HVR2 mutation at 226. Recently an X2b1 subclade has been identified in a group of Moroccans. X2c is characterized by an HVR1 mutation at 255. X2d and X2e are characterized by mutations in the coding region that can not be differentiated from other X2's without additional mtDNA testing beyond HVR1 and HVR2. X2f is characterized by a HVR2 mutation at 257.

This Motif table is used to estimate the subclades for Haplogroup X. Exact identification requires markers in the mtDNA coding region not covered by standard mtDNA HVR1 and HVR2 testing.

One theory of how the X Haplogroup ended up in North America is they migrated from central Asia along with the A,B,C, and D Haplogroups. It is interesting that no Haplogroup X traces have been found in Siberia. The nearest X Haplotypes have been found is the Altai region of central Asia. This theory is supported by yDNA studies [Zegura.]

Schurr postulates that Haplogroup X arrived in North America via the central corridor which became free of ice about 12500 ybp.

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~glad/dna/altai-map.jpg
The Altai Region of Central Asia may have been the Origin of the Haplogroup X Native American Peoples.

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~glad/dna/migrationmap.jpg

Another theory, The Solutrean Hypothesis, is that the there was a early pre-Clovis Atlantic migration route in addition to the Asian Bering Straight land bridge as shown on the following map:

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~glad/dna/human_mtdna_migration.png

Other more imaginitive theories include:

The Mormon hypothesis, which states the Haplogroup X in North American could be the result of descendants of Lehi and Sariah as mentioned in the Book of Mormon.

The Neanderthal Hypothesis. That Haplogroup X mtDNA is descended from the Homo Sapiens Neanderthalis. While there are some X motif markers present in some Neanderthal mtDNA samples, there are also many more differences.

And finally, the Atlantis hypothesis, Where Haplogroup X is identified with the remenants of the Atlantean civilization.


Here is a link to an article I found: http://evolutsioon.ut.ee/publications/Reidla2003.pdf

[Journeyman26]

It seems that most of the research being done is on the Native American X and not the others. :(
Very interesting stuff and I totally will read it... thank's a lot for your input and appreciate it. It's good to see there are people on anthro forums actually interested in anthropology and not just "who is whiter" nonsense


Here is some information from the mtdna X group on FTDNA.


Here is a link to an article I found: http://evolutsioon.ut.ee/publications/Reidla2003.pdf