Discussion of Irish genetics thread

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

I have talked about Irish genetics a lot in a previous thread, but the thread itself had little to do with Ireland, I figure I should make a new thread specifically for discussion of Irish genetics.

I want to start the thread by asking people who know more than me, why are Irish so different phenotypically from people from say countries like Germany, the Netherlands, Austria etc. do not try to deny, the Irish are a different looking people.

Also, I want there to be discussion about the Basque connection in this thread, as I am really curious about that. Check these:
http://rhesusnegative.com/celts-basques.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/05/science/05cnd-brits.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/1256894.stm
http://hubpages.com/hub/Irish-Blood-Genetic-Identity


According to BBC and New York times the Irish are more closely related genetically to the Basques, than anyone else.

"Research into Irish DNA at the beginning of the twenty-first century suggests that the early inhabitants of Ireland were not directly descended from the Keltoi of central Europe. In fact, the closest genetic relatives of the Irish in Europe are to be found in the north of Spain in the region known as the Basque Country. These same ancestors are shared to an extent with the people of Britain - especially the Scottish."

Old Irish "myths" speak of a dark-skinned people who inhabited Ireland before the arrival of the Celts, perhaps these people were Iberians? The Romans described the Iberians as dark-skinned, and they also identified the Welsh that way, and even thought the Welsh were descended from Iberians because of dark skin and curly hair. Red hair gene also supposedly comes from the old Iberians.

I just want to ask, genetically what are the Irish, really? It seems like the original Irish were related to old Iberians somehow, and thus related to todays Basques, but I mean modern Irish. How much of this old Iberian blood do modern Irish have? I have Irish ancestors who are pretty dark, so I am curious why there are dark Irish people - maybe these people just have more of that old Iberian blood in them?

[MINARDOWICZ]

There are some Iberian-like phenotypes too.

[Weedman]

I have talked about Irish genetics a lot in a previous thread, but the thread itself had little to do with Ireland, I figure I should make a new thread specifically for discussion of Irish genetics.

I want to start the thread by asking people who know more than me, why are Irish so different phenotypically from people from say countries like Germany, the Netherlands, Austria etc. do not try to deny, the Irish are a different looking people.

Also, I want there to be discussion about the Basque connection in this thread, as I am really curious about that. Check these:
http://rhesusnegative.com/celts-basques.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/05/science/05cnd-brits.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/1256894.stm
http://hubpages.com/hub/Irish-Blood-Genetic-Identity


According to BBC and New York times the Irish are more closely related genetically to the Basques, than anyone else.

"Research into Irish DNA at the beginning of the twenty-first century suggests that the early inhabitants of Ireland were not directly descended from the Keltoi of central Europe. In fact, the closest genetic relatives of the Irish in Europe are to be found in the north of Spain in the region known as the Basque Country. These same ancestors are shared to an extent with the people of Britain - especially the Scottish."

Old Irish "myths" speak of a dark-skinned people who inhabited Ireland before the arrival of the Celts, perhaps these people were Iberians? The Romans described the Iberians as dark-skinned, and they also identified the Welsh that way, and even thought the Welsh were descended from Iberians because of dark skin and curly hair. Red hair gene also supposedly comes from the old Iberians.

I just want to ask, genetically what are the Irish, really? It seems like the original Irish were related to old Iberians somehow, and thus related to todays Basques, but I mean modern Irish. How much of this old Iberian blood do modern Irish have? I have Irish ancestors who are pretty dark, so I am curious why there are dark Irish people - maybe these people just have more of that old Iberian blood in them? there is no Basque connection to Ireland. .

and I don't know why there would be.

that stuff is seriously outdated and no mainstream geneticist goes by that anymore. For a lot of good reasons.

whatever Y-DNA R1b is found in both populations has to do with the Atlantic Bronze Age and there might be some other gene flow from other things like the Megalithic culture migrations that are common all over Atlantic Europe. From Iberia to Ireland, Wales, Britain etc...

It's not even the same Y-DNA R1b subclade found in most Irish people and most Basques. And in the case of Basques. it's just a founder effect. And from being isolated, which is why the percentages are so high.

Maps that show the difference and origins of Y-DNA R1b-L21 in the British Isles and Y-DNA R1b-DF27 more common in Iberia, and including the Basques/Gascony
http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_R1b_Y-DNA.shtml

-'How did the Basques become R1b'-
http://www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/28386-How-did-the-Basques-become_R1b.shtml

[Prisoner Of Ice]

I have talked about Irish genetics a lot in a previous thread, but the thread itself had little to do with Ireland, I figure I should make a new thread specifically for discussion of Irish genetics.

I want to start the thread by asking people who know more than me, why are Irish so different phenotypically from people from say countries like Germany, the Netherlands, Austria etc. do not try to deny, the Irish are a different looking people.

Also, I want there to be discussion about the Basque connection in this thread, as I am really curious about that. Check these:
http://rhesusnegative.com/celts-basques.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/05/science/05cnd-brits.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/1256894.stm
http://hubpages.com/hub/Irish-Blood-Genetic-Identity


According to BBC and New York times the Irish are more closely related genetically to the Basques, than anyone else.

"Research into Irish DNA at the beginning of the twenty-first century suggests that the early inhabitants of Ireland were not directly descended from the Keltoi of central Europe. In fact, the closest genetic relatives of the Irish in Europe are to be found in the north of Spain in the region known as the Basque Country. These same ancestors are shared to an extent with the people of Britain - especially the Scottish."

Old Irish "myths" speak of a dark-skinned people who inhabited Ireland before the arrival of the Celts, perhaps these people were Iberians? The Romans described the Iberians as dark-skinned, and they also identified the Welsh that way, and even thought the Welsh were descended from Iberians because of dark skin and curly hair. Red hair gene also supposedly comes from the old Iberians.

I just want to ask, genetically what are the Irish, really? It seems like the original Irish were related to old Iberians somehow, and thus related to todays Basques, but I mean modern Irish. How much of this old Iberian blood do modern Irish have? I have Irish ancestors who are pretty dark, so I am curious why there are dark Irish people - maybe these people just have more of that old Iberian blood in them?

The original 'celts' are really nothing to do with Ireland.

Here is a thread about their physical anthropology:

http://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?118015-On-the-origins-and-physical-anthropology-of-the-Celts

Basically the celts, as well as the italics, almost always have a nordid phenotype, when you measure their skulls.

That type is a reduced, germanic type that is basically nonexistent in Irish.

http://cdn.eupedia.com/images/content/Haplogroup_R1b-borders.png

Haplotypes really are the best way to see relation in people. And the subtypes don't matter that much. Things like hair and eye color would have been developed WAAAAAY before these haplotypes did, and originally the population would have been largely homogenous. That is the differences between populations are not random mutations. Eye and hair color don't randomly mutate that fast! They mutated just one time and mutation spread from there.

Any differences come from mixing to other groups (that have other clades), not from genetic mutation differences between the original groups after they split.

So you can see by that map the germanic and nordic crept into the british isles from the east. The Irish are also very close to the basque. In the south and west of iberia, dark skin and hair and eye genes crept in with north african mixture.

The basques are pretty light though, if unmixed, just like the Irish. A lot of the lightening especailly of hair comes from germanics and nordics, it's nothing to do with the irish before they came.

Anyway, some people who have serious issues will have a big phobia to be related to people they see as dark, but obviously basques are closer to irish than Irish are to nordics and germanics. But the core element, the original people (yes the same people at one point a few thousand years ago) is not a dark one, it's very irishlike.

[Weedman]

just a side note-

independently and in and of themselves, the genes that affect eye and hair color have nothing to do with genetic mutations in regards to Y-DNA or any other genetic ancestry.

genes like MCR1 have to do with that, and that's not on any Y-DNA or any other ancestral genetic material anyway

the genes that cause hair, eye color or even skin tone, are independent of the genes that show ancestral genetic material or anything to do with Y-DNA, mtDNA or autosomal genetic ancestry.

the only way you can tell if Basques have any genetic ancestry with or are closely genetically related to, Irish people, even from ancient times, is with autosomal genetic testing, and Y-DNA, and mtDNA testing, between the 2 populations.

if they're related populations then they should have some shared ancestral genetic ancestry material in common with each other.

[Prisoner Of Ice]

just a side note-

independently and in and of themselves, the genes that affect eye and hair color have nothing to do with genetic mutations in regards to Y-DNA or any other genetic ancestry.

genes like MCR1 have to do with that, and that's not on any Y-DNA or any other ancestral genetic material anyway

the genes that cause hair, eye color or even skin tone, are independent of the genes that show ancestral genetic material or anything to do with Y-DNA, mtDNA or autosomal genetic ancestry.

the only way you can tell if Basques have any genetic ancestry with or are closely genetically related to, Irish people, even from ancient times, is with autosomal genetic testing, and Y-DNA, and mtDNA testing, between the 2 populations.

if they're related populations then they should have some shared ancestral genetic ancestry material in common with each other.

The autosomals are not much use for this, because they are very similar to start with, but the autosomals say the same story in this case anyway.

Hair and eye color are not caused by y-dna but they are absolutely ASSOCIATED with them. At some point each clade's parent was all one population, and for a clade to have formed and become the majority they would have to be a closed, homogenous population at that time. So all the r1b people were all the same originally in basic looks, any changes after that come from mixing with other groups.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

there is no Basque connection to Ireland. .

and I don't know why there would be.

that stuff is seriously outdated and no mainstream geneticist goes by that anymore. For a lot of good reasons.

whatever Y-DNA R1b is found in both populations has to do with the Atlantic Bronze Age and there might be some other gene flow from other things like the Megalithic culture migrations that are common all over Atlantic Europe. From Iberia to Ireland, Wales, Britain etc...

It's not even the same Y-DNA R1b subclade found in most Irish people and most Basques. And in the case of Basques. it's just a founder effect. And from being isolated, which is why the percentages are so high.

Maps that show the difference and origins of Y-DNA R1b-L21 in the British Isles and Y-DNA R1b-DF27 more common in Iberia, and including the Basques/Gascony
http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_R1b_Y-DNA.shtml

-'How did the Basques become R1b'-
http://www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/28386-How-did-the-Basques-become_R1b.shtml

The 'Basque connection' is the fact that Basque and Irish are close, so there is a 'Basque connection'. I'm not saying the two are the same people, but close to each other. Fact is that the Irish are closer to the Basques, than the Germans, Nords, etc. they came from the east as Melonhead says. 'Celts' and Germanics are pretty close, no one is trying to deny that. But the Basque themselves are more close to Irish people than people from Sweden or Finland. They are definitely closer than some people have been saying, I'll say that much. You can't tell me otherwise, the facts are on my side here. You are right about most things, people act as if I am disagreeing with you and Grace on everything, quite the opposite really, I'm on your guys' sides. I just think Melonhead has one good little point that you guys are ignoring. Everything else he says is bullshit.

[Jägerstaffel]

I wonder if Bede's idea that Ireland was south of Britain and close to Spain has anything to do with this.

[Neon Knight]

I can tell you that, genetically, the Northern Irish are the same as the Scottish; we don't have the facts about the southern Irish yet but it is unlikely they will be much different to the northern. Maybe more like the Welsh. If anything, they have a strong connection with French Britanny people, not Basques or Iberians.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

I can tell you that, genetically, the Northern Irish are the same as the Scottish; we don't have the facts about the southern Irish yet but it is unlikely they will be much different to the northern. Maybe more like the Welsh. If anything, they have a strong connection with French Britanny people, not Basques or Iberians.

TBH I will always believe the Irish and Basques are super close to each other. Autosomal is not the way to tell who is close to each other. They both have high amount of R1b and at some point R1b were their own homogenous people. Irish and Basque are closest to the old R1b homogenous group. No way they are closer to Nordics. Nordics aren't related at all, they had no R1b until some of them mixed with other groups.

[Vorg]

Irish man - Stephen Quinn

http://i.piccy.info/i9/dad06c480f752d55ad494e8a534ffa35/1430606997/70778/758022/FIFA_WC_qualification_2014_Austria_vs_Ireland_2013 _09_10_Stephen_Quinn_01_2__800.jpg

Georgian man - Aleksandre Kobakhidze

http://www.faeri.ru/uploads/posts/2012-08/1343937754_kobahidze2.jpg

[Neon Knight]

TBH I will always believe the Irish and Basques are super close to each other. Autosomal is not the way to tell who is close to each other. They both have high amount of R1b and at some point R1b were their own homogenous people. Irish and Basque are closest to the old R1b homogenous group. No way they are closer to Nordics. Nordics aren't related at all, they had no R1b until some of them mixed with other groups.The Y chromosome is one small part of the genetic picture and not very significant on its own, so autosomal is the way to tell proximity between populations. The Scottish Highlanders have very significant amounts of Scandinavian and German type DNA so until we know more we must assume the southern Irish are similar. The Welsh have about 7% Spanish, though.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

The Y chromosome is one small part of the genetic picture and not very significant on its own, so autosomal is the way to tell proximity between populations. The Scottish Highlanders have very significant amounts of Scandinavian and German type DNA so until we know more we must assume the southern Irish are similar.

Well, I disagree. R1b is not a small part of the genetic picture, rather autosomal is. Figure in some parts of Ireland almost everyone has the R1b Y-DNA. So, they are mostly that genetically. So I disagree about autosomal test being the way to determine who is closer.

[Permafrost]

Well, I disagree. R1b is not a small part of the genetic picture, rather autosomal is.

2.173%

That's how small a part the Y-chromosome plays in the human genome.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

2.173%

That's how small a part the Y-chromosome plays in the human genome.

And what if every single person in your family history has the R1b Y-DNA? Let's just assume that for a minute. How much would the person be then?

[Permafrost]

And what if every single person in your family history has the R1b Y-DNA? Let's just assume that for a minute. How much would the person be then?

Your genome is made of 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 autosomes and 1 allelosome.

The allelosome pair is XX in females, XY in males. The R1b haplogroup is a cluster of genes on aforesaid Y chromosome which is inherited exclusively from father to son, ergo every single person in my family cannot possess it by definition.

Autosomes represent the majority of one's genepool, 95.65% to be precise.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

Your genome is made of 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 autosomes and 1 allelosome.

The allelosome pair is XX in females, XY in males. The R1b haplogroup is a cluster of genes on aforesaid Y chromosome which is inherited exclusively from father to son, ergo every single person in my family cannot possess it by definition.

Autosomes represent the majority of one's genepool, 95.65% to be precise.

So even if everyone in my family had R1b Y-DNA going back centuries, it would not mean much?

[Permafrost]

So even if everyone in my family had R1b Y-DNA going back centuries, it would not mean much?

It goes patrilineally, it was carried by your father, then his father and so on. It is irrelevant, for example, what kind of Y-DNA can be found in your maternal grandfather. If 2 populations are found to be carriers of the same Y-haplogroup, it means that they share a common patrilineal ancestor.

As Neon Knight said, the rest of the 22 chromosomes are more important in determinig genetic kinship, they contain all kind of data, proteic codification, genetic diseases potential, skin, hair and eye colour etc.

[Neon Knight]

Here is a fairly recent study of maternal and paternal DNA in Ireland (Co. Mayo): http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2013/11/21/the-genographic-project-returns-to-ireland-to-reveal-dna-results/

http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/files/2013/11/GENOGRAPHIC_Europe-Maternal-Map-rev-3-600x718.jpg

http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/files/2013/11/GENOGRAPHIC_Europe-Paternal-Map-1-600x718.jpg

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

It goes patrilineally, it was carried by your father, then his father and so on. It is irrelevant, for example, what kind of Y-DNA can be found in your maternal grandfather. If 2 populations are found to be carriers of the same Y-haplogroup, it means that they share a common patrilineal ancestor.

As Neon Knight said, the rest of the 22 chromosomes are more important in determinig genetic kinship, they contain all kind of data, proteic codification, genetic diseases potential, skin, hair and eye colour etc.

I stand corrected.

[Dr. Robotnik the Subbotnik]

Here is a fairly recent study of maternal and paternal DNA in Ireland (Co. Mayo): http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2013/11/21/the-genographic-project-returns-to-ireland-to-reveal-dna-results/

http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/files/2013/11/GENOGRAPHIC_Europe-Maternal-Map-rev-3-600x718.jpg

http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/files/2013/11/GENOGRAPHIC_Europe-Paternal-Map-1-600x718.jpg

Interesting, so most Irish is late Mesolithic-Neolithic which looks like it comes from Iberia and Hallstatt. Just like Irish legend tells us. This confirms Irish legend of them descending from Iberians, maybe.

[Grace O'Malley]

I've got some Irish gedmatch results. This man is from Dublin. I think these results give an idea of the populations the Irish are most similar to. I use the k23b, Eurogenes K13 and K15 as I think they are the most accurate calculators and don't suffer from the calculator effect.

MDLP K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.30
2 European_Early_Farmers 25.86
3 Caucasian 21.82
4 South_Central_Asian 6.42
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.13
6 North_African 1.63
7 Amerindian 1.30


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Dutch @ 3.288694
2 Irish @ 3.314860
3 Frisian @ 3.600262
4 English @ 3.610702
5 Belgian @ 3.808106
6 German-Volga @ 4.557951
7 North_European @ 4.745631
8 South_German @ 4.920161
9 CEU @ 6.256147
10 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.298093
11 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 6.634866
12 British @ 6.987519
13 Welsh @ 7.153690
14 Norwegian_East @ 7.200611
15 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 7.356657
16 Dane @ 7.817235
17 North_German @ 7.951448
18 Icelandic @ 8.172778
19 Norwegian_West @ 8.288389
20 Orcadian @ 8.378478

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +50% Irish @ 2.212180


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +25% German-Volga +25% Irish @ 1.878747


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + German-Volga + Irish + Irish @ 1.745427
2 Dutch + English + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.799182
3 Dutch + German-Volga + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.871340
4 Dutch + Dutch + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.878747
5 Dutch + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga @ 1.893885
6 Dutch + German-Volga + Irish + North_European @ 1.928484
7 German-Volga + German-Volga + Icelandic + Irish @ 1.937031
8 Dutch + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.946636
9 Dutch + Dutch + German-Volga + Welsh @ 1.964784
10 Dane + German-Volga + Irish + Irish @ 1.977583
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Irish + Moksha @ 1.979046
12 Dutch + German-Volga + German-Volga + Orcadian @ 1.986660
13 German-Volga + German-Volga + Irish + Norwegian_East @ 2.003586
14 Belgian + Dutch + German-Volga + Irish @ 2.005809
15 Irish + Italian_North + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 2.011034
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 2.019105
17 Icelandic + Irish + Italian_North + Swede_Saami @ 2.023778
18 CEU + Dutch + Dutch + German-Volga @ 2.045279
19 Irish + Italian_North + Orcadian + Swede_Saami @ 2.047126
20 Dutch + Dutch + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.049389

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.08
2 Baltic 22.05
3 West_Med 13.31
4 West_Asian 6.03
5 East_Med 2.67
6 Amerindian 1.83
7 South_Asian 1.75


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southwest_English @ 3.130877
2 Irish @ 3.133985
3 Orcadian @ 3.221184
4 West_Scottish @ 3.313905
5 Southeast_English @ 3.566092
6 North_Dutch @ 5.388922
7 Danish @ 5.802124
8 North_German @ 7.699313
9 Norwegian @ 7.722765
10 South_Dutch @ 8.756809
11 West_German @ 10.172432
12 Swedish @ 10.540941
13 French @ 14.211218
14 Austrian @ 17.158096
15 North_Swedish @ 17.471647
16 East_German @ 17.632404
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.754688
18 Hungarian @ 22.507284
19 Southwest_French @ 22.634682
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 23.019356

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Southeast_English @ 2.298286


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Southeast_English +25% Southwest_English @ 2.199511


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.187952
2 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.199511
3 South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.223087
4 Irish + South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.225358
5 Irish + West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.269600
6 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.271919
7 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 2.298286
8 Irish + Irish + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 2.301058
9 Southwest_English + West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.324075
10 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 2.336853
11 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.344882
12 Irish + Southwest_English + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.364297
13 South_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.364301
14 Irish + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.365176
15 Irish + Irish + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.368914
16 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.373353
17 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 2.396168
18 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.407876
19 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.408751
20 Irish + Irish + South_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 2.409971

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 39.96
2 Atlantic 25.05
3 Baltic 10.86
4 West_Med 9.61
5 Eastern_Euro 6.72
6 West_Asian 3.97
7 South_Asian 1.63
8 Amerindian 1.46


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 5.531598
2 North_Dutch @ 5.653565
3 West_Norwegian @ 6.593748
4 Norwegian @ 6.837255
5 Southwest_English @ 7.074299
6 West_Scottish @ 7.396562
7 Danish @ 7.424193
8 Southeast_English @ 7.504981
9 Irish @ 7.589861
10 Swedish @ 8.445124
11 North_German @ 9.635084
12 West_German @ 9.713234
13 South_Dutch @ 11.760987
14 North_Swedish @ 13.117079
15 French @ 15.373763
16 East_German @ 17.247276
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 20.124985
18 Hungarian @ 22.115664
19 Finnish @ 22.996275
20 Austrian @ 23.205067

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southwest_English +50% West_Norwegian @ 4.164488


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Orcadian +25% West_German +25% West_Norwegian @ 4.035629


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 4.035629
2 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 4.164488
3 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 4.223511
4 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German @ 4.234704
5 French + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 4.275043
6 Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 4.275492
7 Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 4.286835
8 Orcadian + Orcadian + Swedish + West_German @ 4.295750
9 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 4.324892
10 North_Dutch + Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 4.364780
11 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Swedish + West_Norwegian @ 4.366863
12 Southwest_English + West_German + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 4.389815
13 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 4.402339
14 Norwegian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 4.417714
15 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 4.428495
16 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 4.446463
17 Irish + Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 4.459664
18 Norwegian + Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 4.482199
19 Norwegian + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.483328
20 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.486238

[Grace O'Malley]

This woman appears to have ancestry from Dublin and Cork.

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.97
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.39
3 Caucasian 20.71
4 South_Central_Asian 7.31
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.02


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 1.355720
2 Frisian @ 2.174008
3 English @ 2.359587
4 North_European @ 3.240477
5 Belgian @ 3.306925
6 CEU @ 3.676928
7 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.070754
8 British @ 4.234773
9 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.339617
10 Welsh @ 4.616838
11 Dutch @ 4.720995
12 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.804462
13 Orcadian @ 5.842388
14 South_German @ 6.140518
15 German-Volga @ 6.755594
16 Icelandic @ 6.858587
17 Norwegian_West @ 7.017705
18 Norwegian_East @ 7.069959
19 Dane @ 8.849947
20 North_German @ 8.892117

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +50% Irish @ 1.342456


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Irish +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.002367


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Frisian + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.002367
2 British + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 1.056799
3 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Welsh @ 1.077602
4 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Welsh @ 1.092175
5 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 1.125769
6 English + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.145881
7 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.162742
8 CEU + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.162935
9 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.174216
10 CEU + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 1.177879
11 British + Dutch + Frisian + Irish @ 1.191675
12 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 1.196512
13 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.210008
14 Frisian + Irish + Irish + North_European @ 1.212952
15 Belgian + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.227170
16 English + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.229950
17 Dutch + English_Kent_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 1.234850
18 British + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.245012
19 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_European @ 1.281495
20 CEU + Dutch + Frisian + Irish @ 1.291116

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 45.68
2 Baltic 25.55
3 West_Med 14.09
4 West_Asian 8.85
5 East_Med 3.60


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_German @ 5.141754
2 South_Dutch @ 6.469499
3 North_Dutch @ 6.548832
4 West_German @ 6.851539
5 Danish @ 6.868636
6 Southeast_English @ 7.160068
7 Orcadian @ 7.335664
8 Irish @ 7.853486
9 Southwest_English @ 8.412169
10 Norwegian @ 8.505351
11 West_Scottish @ 9.011097
12 Swedish @ 9.062082
13 Austrian @ 10.887987
14 East_German @ 11.519069
15 French @ 13.179267
16 North_Swedish @ 14.527737
17 Hungarian @ 16.310152
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.508478
19 Croatian @ 22.163723
20 Southwest_Finnish @ 22.414465

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Austrian +50% Irish @ 3.436412


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Moldavian +25% Southwest_English @ 2.670961


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English @ 2.670961
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Moldavian @ 2.731309
3 Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.777589
4 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + West_Scottish @ 2.800064
5 Irish + Moldavian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.921902
6 Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.954504
7 Moldavian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.974198
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + Serbian @ 2.984680
9 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian @ 2.994311
10 Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.004859
11 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + Southeast_English @ 3.047534
12 Austrian + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 3.071505
13 Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.077554
14 Moldavian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.096734
15 Irish + Moldavian + North_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 3.101692
16 Croatian + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.103679
17 East_German + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 3.107911
18 Moldavian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.128572
19 Moldavian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.140884
20 Irish + Moldavian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.143646

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 32.70
2 Atlantic 27.22
3 Eastern_Euro 12.21
4 Baltic 10.63
5 West_Med 9.65
6 West_Asian 6.55


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_German @ 5.871016
2 Southwest_English @ 6.550595
3 South_Dutch @ 6.821472
4 Danish @ 6.881145
5 Southeast_English @ 6.913950
6 North_Dutch @ 7.447728
7 Irish @ 7.911522
8 West_Scottish @ 8.133004
9 Orcadian @ 9.352036
10 West_German @ 9.654718
11 Norwegian @ 10.116257
12 Swedish @ 11.333919
13 East_German @ 11.623413
14 West_Norwegian @ 11.858213
15 French @ 12.348873
16 North_Swedish @ 12.482442
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 16.025732
18 Austrian @ 16.637365
19 Hungarian @ 17.700397
20 Finnish @ 19.739023

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% East_German +50% Orcadian @ 4.747579


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% East_German +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 4.747579


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 East_German + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.476668
2 East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 4.489007
3 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 4.510963
4 Danish + East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.520930
5 East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 4.535803
6 Danish + East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 4.537404
7 East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 4.558643
8 East_German + North_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.562444
9 East_German + Irish + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 4.597809
10 Danish + East_German + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 4.627877
11 East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.634919
12 East_German + North_German + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.636590
13 East_German + North_German + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 4.644904
14 Croatian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.650157
15 East_German + North_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 4.651224
16 East_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.661155
17 East_German + South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.662562
18 East_German + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.676322
19 Danish + East_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.682858
20 East_German + North_German + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 4.688666

[Grace O'Malley]

Another Irish woman's results with ancestors from Dublin, Kilkenny & Cork.

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Frisian @ 3.101381
2 Irish @ 3.219721
3 English @ 3.235179
4 North_European @ 3.644871
5 CEU @ 3.648931
6 British @ 3.675498
7 Belgian @ 3.861719
8 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.128638
9 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.129611
10 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.467470
11 Welsh @ 4.877521
12 Orcadian @ 5.030417
13 Dutch @ 5.444590
14 Norwegian_West @ 6.103999
15 Icelandic @ 6.274824
16 Norwegian_East @ 6.882477
17 South_German @ 7.729670
18 German-Volga @ 7.851763
19 Dane @ 8.799477
20 Swede @ 9.233675

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.168427


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Swede_Saami @ 1.824162


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 1.796660
2 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 1.824162
3 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.845463
4 British + Dutch + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.870648
5 British + British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 1.950257
6 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Icelandic @ 1.965563
7 British + British + Dutch + Frisian @ 1.977454
8 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.980686
9 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.988553
10 British + Dutch + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.989307
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Orcadian + Swede_Saami @ 2.002217
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Norwegian_West @ 2.005645
13 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Norwegian_West @ 2.030468
14 Dutch + Frisian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.039978
15 British + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 2.041942
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Swede_Saami + Welsh @ 2.050162
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 2.056978
18 Dutch + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian @ 2.058015
19 Frisian + Frisian + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.060794
20 British + British + Dutch + Irish @ 2.064788

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 48.39
2 Baltic 25.31
3 West_Med 14.06
4 West_Asian 8.17


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 5.043251
2 Orcadian @ 5.435403
3 North_Dutch @ 5.503308
4 Danish @ 6.238075
5 North_German @ 6.342315
6 West_Scottish @ 6.376927
7 Southwest_English @ 6.567672
8 Norwegian @ 6.827541
9 Southeast_English @ 7.028030
10 Swedish @ 8.259943
11 South_Dutch @ 9.395598
12 West_German @ 10.578053
13 East_German @ 14.724276
14 Austrian @ 14.729692
15 North_Swedish @ 14.753871
16 French @ 15.715425
17 Hungarian @ 20.165627
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 23.328587
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.656734
20 Southwest_French @ 23.951284

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% North_German @ 4.507253


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% South_Dutch +25% Swedish @ 4.203943


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 East_German + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.673364
2 Austrian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.817178
3 East_German + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.824350
4 East_German + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.887214
5 Austrian + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.984807
6 East_German + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.010430
7 East_German + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 4.055460
8 East_German + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.063171
9 Austrian + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 4.115260
10 Austrian + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 4.169344
11 Austrian + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.178220
12 East_German + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 4.203722
13 Irish + Irish + South_Dutch + Swedish @ 4.203943
14 East_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.217608
15 East_German + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.282073
16 East_German + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.292729
17 Austrian + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.300698
18 East_German + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.302107
19 East_German + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 4.304122
20 Irish + Irish + Swedish + West_German @ 4.315297

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.37
2 Atlantic 27.65
3 Eastern_Euro 14.28
4 West_Med 9.39
5 Baltic 7.81
6 West_Asian 3.83


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Danish @ 6.728099
2 Southeast_English @ 7.167552
3 Southwest_English @ 7.180263
4 West_Scottish @ 7.551935
5 North_Dutch @ 7.836451
6 Orcadian @ 8.018516
7 Irish @ 8.219307
8 North_German @ 8.677498
9 Norwegian @ 9.335488
10 South_Dutch @ 9.606518
11 West_Norwegian @ 10.419404
12 West_German @ 11.280944
13 Swedish @ 11.519054
14 North_Swedish @ 12.301038
15 French @ 14.444427
16 East_German @ 15.150502
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 17.450649
18 Austrian @ 20.233604
19 Hungarian @ 21.036873
20 Finnish @ 21.097107

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +50% Southwest_English @ 6.172652


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% Southwest_English +25% Southwest_English @ 6.172652


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 North_Swedish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 5.949549
2 North_Swedish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 5.949584
3 North_Swedish + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 5.974319
4 North_Swedish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 5.978705
5 North_Swedish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 5.991188
6 Danish + North_Swedish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 6.017323
7 North_Swedish + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 6.054874
8 North_Swedish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 6.074839
9 North_Swedish + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 6.075787
10 North_Swedish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 6.081379
11 North_Swedish + Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 6.117117
12 North_Swedish + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 6.144922
13 North_Swedish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 6.146958
14 Danish + Danish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 6.172652
15 Danish + North_Swedish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 6.178263
16 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_Finnish @ 6.183154
17 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 6.194075
18 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_Finnish @ 6.198556
19 Irish + North_Swedish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 6.202370
20 Danish + Norwegian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 6.230188

[Grace O'Malley]

My brother's results. Ancestry from Sligo, Roscommon and Tipperary.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.62
2 European_Early_Farmers 26.60
3 Caucasian 21.61
4 South_Central_Asian 7.29
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.26


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.261916
2 Frisian @ 2.505198
3 Dutch @ 2.778208
4 English @ 3.307590
5 Belgian @ 3.617860
6 North_European @ 4.158943
7 South_German @ 5.308599
8 CEU @ 5.539104
9 English_Kent_GBR @ 5.839112
10 German-Volga @ 5.857182
11 British @ 6.159924
12 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 6.256845
13 Norwegian_East @ 6.289495
14 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.353488
15 Welsh @ 6.669581
16 Icelandic @ 6.953556
17 Norwegian_West @ 7.155996
18 Dane @ 7.353782
19 North_German @ 7.431414
20 Orcadian @ 7.481358

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +50% Irish @ 0.593731


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 0.593731


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 0.593731
2 Dutch + Dutch + Frisian + Irish @ 0.969406
3 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.056763
4 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.131301
5 Dutch + Dutch + English + Irish @ 1.215240
6 Dane + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.288896
7 Dutch + Frisian + Frisian + Irish @ 1.303067
8 Dutch + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.325116
9 Belgian + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 1.345949
10 CEU + Dutch + Dutch + Irish @ 1.350276
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.362659
12 Dane + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.370775
13 Dutch + English + Frisian + Irish @ 1.385557
14 British + Dutch + Dutch + Irish @ 1.389883
15 Dutch + English + Irish + Irish @ 1.392081
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.394454
17 Belgian + Dutch + Dutch + Irish @ 1.406531
18 Dutch + Dutch + English_Kent_GBR + Irish @ 1.416055
19 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 1.420758
20 Dutch + Dutch + Irish + North_European @ 1.438734

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.51
2 Baltic 24.22
3 West_Med 12.51
4 West_Asian 8.60
5 South_Asian 1.63


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.953441
2 West_Scottish @ 4.125409
3 Orcadian @ 4.597284
4 North_Dutch @ 5.259435
5 Danish @ 5.847117
6 Southwest_English @ 5.899682
7 Norwegian @ 6.340008
8 Southeast_English @ 6.921112
9 North_German @ 7.414295
10 Swedish @ 9.085962
11 South_Dutch @ 11.262790
12 West_German @ 12.498032
13 North_Swedish @ 16.278137
14 French @ 17.376427
15 Austrian @ 17.715973
16 East_German @ 17.800060
17 Hungarian @ 23.031059
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 25.135815
19 Southwest_Finnish @ 25.340517
20 Southwest_French @ 25.651096

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 2.953441


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 2.953441


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.953441
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.223475
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 3.278868
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 3.295299
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 3.296951
6 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.309850
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + Norwegian @ 3.312600
8 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 3.415542
9 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.468552
10 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.503300
11 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.503497
12 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.507485
13 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.507721
14 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.550465
15 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + Southwest_English @ 3.573220
16 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.577136
17 Irish + Irish + Irish + Swedish @ 3.584926
18 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 3.669406
19 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southwest_English @ 3.675050
20 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + Orcadian @ 3.688866

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 38.02
2 Atlantic 28.50
3 Eastern_Euro 9.98
4 Baltic 9.12
5 West_Med 7.56
6 West_Asian 5.23


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 3.213047
2 West_Scottish @ 3.800461
3 North_Dutch @ 4.402150
4 Danish @ 4.449411
5 Irish @ 4.582540
6 Southeast_English @ 4.794890
7 Southwest_English @ 5.671537
8 North_German @ 7.275247
9 Norwegian @ 7.684995
10 West_Norwegian @ 7.760220
11 Swedish @ 9.670259
12 South_Dutch @ 10.405709
13 West_German @ 10.965762
14 North_Swedish @ 12.858974
15 French @ 15.257990
16 East_German @ 16.842857
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.094088
18 Austrian @ 21.992764
19 Hungarian @ 22.408499
20 Finnish @ 22.635736

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +50% Orcadian @ 2.700008


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 2.700008


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.468943
2 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.606963
3 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.664194
4 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.700008
5 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.719922
6 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.725399
7 Danish + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.767285
8 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.777022
9 Danish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.791629
10 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.816727
11 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.820725
12 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.830852
13 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.836830
14 Danish + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.876363
15 Irish + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.906238
16 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.906962
17 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.914979
18 North_Dutch + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.926702
19 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.933666
20 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.943340

[Neon Knight]

Most of those come out well but, again, the orders don't always make sense and there is a bias towards Germany.

[Graham]

Ran K13 for you on those. Would be interesting to see different Regions. If you have anymore.

http://s30.postimg.org/r0l6gbzch/Ireland.jpg

[Brianna]

Grace, why are there so many close matches to Dutch and Frisian?

[Grace O'Malley]

Grace, why are there so many close matches to Dutch and Frisian?

It's an interesting question but any Irish I've seen come out very close to Dutch. My top population on the K13 is North Dutch. They just have similar genetics despite one population being Germanic and the other being Celtic. I think the answer is that a lot of these populations have similar origins before language differences. A big chunk of their populations are most likely from Bell Beaker origin that came from the Rhine region.

[Jana]

It's an interesting question but any Irish I've seen come out very close to Dutch. My top population on the K13 is North Dutch. They just have similar genetics despite one population being Germanic and the other being Celtic. I think the answer is that a lot of these populations have similar origins before language differences. A big chunk of their populations are most likely from Bell Beaker origin that came from the Rhine region.

Well put. It just confirms how meta-ethnicities mean little in genetics talk.

[Gooding]

Not being Irish, my readings would be irrelevant here, but I do note with interest that there does seem to be a trend toward Holland on many of the Irish people's readings I'd noted in this thread.

[Brianna]

It's an interesting question but any Irish I've seen come out very close to Dutch. My top population on the K13 is North Dutch. They just have similar genetics despite one population being Germanic and the other being Celtic. I think the answer is that a lot of these populations have similar origins before language differences. A big chunk of their populations are most likely from Bell Beaker origin that came from the Rhine region.

I agree with you. I think they have similar origins. Perhaps a large group came from the Black Sea region or the Caucasus Mountains region. They travelled west. Some of them settled in southern regions while some of them settled in northern regions. Part of the latter group settled in the British Isles. Over time, the R1b split into Celtic and Germanic variations but they all came from the same ancient man. This is just a theory off the top of my head.

[Grace O'Malley]

Ran K13 for you on those. Would be interesting to see different Regions. If you have anymore.

http://s30.postimg.org/r0l6gbzch/Ireland.jpg

I'll see if I come across any. It would be great to get someone with ancestry from just Co Cork or Co Donegal for example to see if there are any differences. Dublin has had people from all over Ireland going there especially over the last century.

[Petalpusher]

Mostly a North Sea population in my opinion, much like England. I don't think there is anything really surprising in getting a lot of N.Dutch/Frisian when North Sea is filtered out from the North-Atlantic component (broader, more modern component designed for UK). The rest comes in lower and almost equal measure (Baltic/West med)

[Grace O'Malley]

Mostly a North Sea population in my opinion, much like England. I don't think there is anything really surprising in getting a lot of N.Dutch/Frisian when North Sea is filtered out from the North-Atlantic component (broader, more modern component designed for UK). The rest comes in lower and almost equal measure (Baltic/West med)

It is completely the opposite to what people have been told for years. There is a lot of re-educating people and it is surprising the resistance of some people to what is obvious. I've had a chance to learn and get my head around it over the last few years but a lot of people are stuck on the Irish are Celtic and the English, Dutch etc are Germanic so they are different. They are different culturally (not even much culturally these days) but genetically not so much.

[Grace O'Malley]

I agree with you. I think they have similar origins. Perhaps a large group came from the Black Sea region or the Caucasus Mountains region. They travelled west. Some of them settled in southern regions while some of them settled in northern regions. Part of the latter group settled in the British Isles. Over time, the R1b split into Celtic and Germanic variations but they all came from the same ancient man. This is just a theory off the top of my head.

Yes the group are Yamnaya who were the precursors to Bell Beaker. This is where R1b came from and looking at genetics it is obvious to see. Southern Europe had a higher population so aren't as high in Yamnaya genes whereas Northern Europe appear to have a larger share of Yamnaya due to the lower populations they encountered on their journey from the Steppes.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/16/science/dna-deciphers-roots-of-modern-europeans.html?_r=1

[Petalpusher]

It is completely the opposite to what people have been told for years. There is a lot of re-educating people and it is surprising the resistance of some people to what is obvious. I've had a chance to learn and get my head around it over the last few years but a lot of people are stuck on the Irish are Celtic and the English, Dutch etc are Germanic so they are different. They are different culturally (not even much culturally these days) but genetically not so much.

I was very surprised myself to find out Irish and English are almost indistinguishable genetically. There is way more variation inside big countries like Germany, France, Italy... Phenotypically the differences and the so called "Irish look" must come from slightly different local selection processes but the basic genetic pool remains mostly the same.

[Grace O'Malley]

I was very surprised myself to find out Irish and English are almost indistinguishable genetically. There is way more variation inside big countries like Germany, France, Italy... Phenotypically the differences and the so called "Irish look" must come from slightly different local selection processes but the basic genetic pool remains mostly the same.

There might be some fine scale differences like they found in the PoBI study but the majority of both populations come from the same source so that is why they cluster together. I think people are just getting their head around this in the last few years. One of the most interesting things that came out this year was the R1b from the Steppes and I think this is very important in understanding the genetics of many different groups of people in Europe. The Irish DNA Atlas is due out possibly the end of the year or at least sometime next year. People had to have 8 grandparents from the same area (county) which is one of the most stringent criteria for genetic testing I've come across. I'm not eligible for this because I have grandparents from 3 different counties. The results of the Irish DNA Atlas should be quite comprehensive and when done will be joined with PoBI.

http://www.familyhistory.ie/index.php/en/2012-04-22-23-12-47

http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Irish_DNA_Atlas_Project

[Neon Knight]

I was very surprised myself to find out Irish and English are almost indistinguishable genetically. There is way more variation inside big countries like Germany, France, Italy... Phenotypically the differences and the so called "Irish look" must come from slightly different local selection processes but the basic genetic pool remains mostly the same.
I agree, and I think your point about phenotype differences being due to local genetic variation is probably true - the genetics change enough to give some different hair colouring and slightly different facial features but not enough to make much difference to autosomal DNA relations.

It would be interesting to see where the Welsh come in all this.

[FeederOfRavens]

Well put. It just confirms how meta-ethnicities mean little in genetics talk.

North Dutch are still closer to other Germanics like Danes, Norwegians and North Germans. One thing I don't get is the Southern Dutch, it's like they're in another universe judging from what Graham posted.

[Brianna]

Yes the group are Yamnaya who were the precursors to Bell Beaker. This is where R1b came from and looking at genetics it is obvious to see. Southern Europe had a higher population so aren't as high in Yamnaya genes whereas Northern Europe appear to have a larger share of Yamnaya due to the lower populations they encountered on their journey from the Steppes.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/16/science/dna-deciphers-roots-of-modern-europeans.html?_r=1

Thanks for the link, Grace. This is really weird! In a further case of synchronicity, I stumbled upon an article about the Yamnaya! I wasn't even looking for it. I wasn't even looking for anything even close to it. In fact, it was surrounded by pop media fluff that has absolutely nothing to do with real knowledge, let alone, anthropology.:eek:

[Grace O'Malley]

This person's background is Waterford/Roscommon

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 35.66
2 European_Early_Farmers 30.60
3 Caucasian 19.27
4 South_Central_Asian 6.99
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.07


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 1.890413
2 British @ 2.250145
3 CEU @ 2.586258
4 Welsh @ 2.624238
5 English_Kent_GBR @ 2.910869
6 Irish @ 3.451760
7 English @ 3.795906
8 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.806719
9 Orcadian @ 4.175535
10 North_European @ 4.224724
11 Frisian @ 4.243488
12 Belgian @ 4.923025
13 Dutch @ 7.567566
14 Norwegian_West @ 7.853424
15 Icelandic @ 7.855400
16 South_German @ 8.709360
17 German-Volga @ 8.728043
18 Norwegian_East @ 8.961429
19 French @ 9.206196
20 Dane @ 11.251309

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +50% Irish @ 1.710157


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Frisian +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.303502


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.289781
2 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.303502
3 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.344790
4 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.376605
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.381021
6 British + British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.405329
7 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.416813
8 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 1.480446
9 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Welsh @ 1.494394
10 CEU + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.502895
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 1.513324
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Welsh @ 1.513799
13 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 1.536120
14 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.556398
15 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Welsh @ 1.563239
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian + Welsh @ 1.567633
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Welsh @ 1.569059
18 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.576609
19 British + CEU + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.580283
20 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.606469

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.54
2 Baltic 24.53
3 West_Med 12.89
4 West_Asian 7.36


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.496279
2 Orcadian @ 3.307727
3 West_Scottish @ 3.418691
4 North_Dutch @ 4.392702
5 Southwest_English @ 4.899179
6 Danish @ 5.328966
7 Norwegian @ 5.658876
8 Southeast_English @ 5.932004
9 North_German @ 7.151976
10 Swedish @ 8.452027
11 South_Dutch @ 10.682334
12 West_German @ 12.050038
13 North_Swedish @ 15.590035
14 French @ 16.886585
15 Austrian @ 17.334488
16 East_German @ 17.408957
17 Hungarian @ 22.709747
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.580704
19 Southwest_Finnish @ 24.724943
20 Southwest_French @ 25.021852

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 2.496279


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 2.496279


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.496279
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.525670
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 2.579422
4 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + Southwest_English @ 2.604473
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Norwegian @ 2.645494
6 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.677684
7 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.686012
8 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 2.702555
9 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.719413
10 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 2.727007
11 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 2.740953
12 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.747945
13 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.748458
14 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 2.763579
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.768034
16 Irish + Norwegian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.769493
17 Irish + Southwest_English + Swedish + West_Scottish @ 2.773462
18 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + Orcadian @ 2.778900
19 Irish + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.829441
20 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 2.834993

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 36.11
2 Atlantic 30.88
3 Eastern_Euro 11.39
4 Baltic 8.03
5 West_Med 7.86
6 West_Asian 4.23


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 4.300911
2 Southeast_English @ 4.763586
3 Irish @ 5.017210
4 Orcadian @ 5.411140
5 Danish @ 5.750881
6 Southwest_English @ 5.862895
7 North_Dutch @ 6.682056
8 North_German @ 7.987506
9 South_Dutch @ 10.069103
10 Norwegian @ 10.176691
11 West_Norwegian @ 10.522779
12 Swedish @ 12.144926
13 West_German @ 12.514860
14 North_Swedish @ 14.206972
15 French @ 14.965274
16 East_German @ 17.176239
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.314651
18 Austrian @ 21.646416
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.001047
20 Hungarian @ 23.094105

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% West_Scottish @ 4.235085


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 4.235085


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.132203
2 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.192277
3 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.203807
4 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.216993
5 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.235085
6 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.247273
7 Danish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.250472
8 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.250872
9 Danish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.295249
10 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.300911
11 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.314696
12 Danish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.318695
13 Danish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.320585
14 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.322623
15 Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.335433
16 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.338648
17 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.346437
18 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.349906
19 Danish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.365737
20 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.368153

[Grace O'Malley]

Someone from Co. Laois

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 35.26
2 European_Early_Farmers 29.46
3 Caucasian 20.60
4 South_Central_Asian 7.06
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.21


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.646994
2 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 2.993486
3 Frisian @ 3.135593
4 English @ 3.335363
5 English_Kent_GBR @ 3.592355
6 British @ 3.758292
7 CEU @ 3.763210
8 Welsh @ 3.937519
9 Belgian @ 4.229570
10 North_European @ 4.477528
11 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 5.072528
12 Orcadian @ 5.720575
13 Dutch @ 6.518939
14 German-Volga @ 7.223799
15 South_German @ 7.688695
16 Norwegian_West @ 8.363338
17 Icelandic @ 8.386390
18 Norwegian_East @ 8.947015
19 French @ 9.778012
20 Dane @ 10.743946

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +50% Frisian @ 1.752633


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Frisian +25% Irish @ 1.666499


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 1.666499
2 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.752633
3 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 1.781046
4 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 1.856429
5 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 1.892154
6 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Welsh @ 1.917075
7 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Irish @ 1.919296
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Welsh @ 1.930291
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.975696
10 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 1.991199
11 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR @ 1.994484
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 1.996555
13 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 2.001722
14 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 2.009395
15 English + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 2.016589
16 CEU + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 2.018481
17 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian @ 2.023543
18 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Irish @ 2.038381
19 English + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish @ 2.041113
20 English + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 2.050602

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 52.30
2 Baltic 23.22
3 West_Med 12.74
4 West_Asian 7.09
5 Northeast_African 1.55
6 Red_Sea 1.14


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.488374
2 West_Scottish @ 2.974120
3 Orcadian @ 4.061914
4 Southwest_English @ 4.596704
5 North_Dutch @ 5.519149
6 Danish @ 6.376184
7 Southeast_English @ 6.433903
8 Norwegian @ 6.856413
9 North_German @ 8.345034
10 Swedish @ 9.837822
11 South_Dutch @ 11.279252
12 West_German @ 12.765768
13 North_Swedish @ 16.959978
14 French @ 17.004381
15 Austrian @ 18.592163
16 East_German @ 18.774240
17 Hungarian @ 23.986660
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.552919
19 Southwest_French @ 24.956493
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 25.617506

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 2.488374


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 2.488374


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.488374
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.533175
3 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.640847
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.653603
5 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.753428
6 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.784568
7 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.790934
8 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.832490
9 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.907896
10 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.940858
11 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.974120
12 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.012409
13 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.071584
14 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.077792
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 3.083170
16 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.097399
17 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.105675
18 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 3.118045
19 Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.118059
20 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.120991

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 34.14
2 Atlantic 32.75
3 Baltic 9.90
4 Eastern_Euro 9.20
5 West_Med 6.72
6 West_Asian 4.92
7 Northeast_African 1.52


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 4.326292
2 West_Scottish @ 4.788064
3 Southeast_English @ 5.145224
4 Southwest_English @ 6.662714
5 Danish @ 6.777385
6 North_German @ 7.157870
7 Orcadian @ 7.287704
8 North_Dutch @ 7.496284
9 South_Dutch @ 9.887246
10 Norwegian @ 12.051324
11 West_Norwegian @ 12.630589
12 Swedish @ 13.289556
13 West_German @ 13.524395
14 French @ 14.894132
15 North_Swedish @ 15.667019
16 East_German @ 16.890699
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.454512
18 Austrian @ 20.583271
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.282990
20 Hungarian @ 22.731699

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 4.326292


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 4.326292


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 4.326292
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 4.371522
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.385372
4 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.442437
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 4.481802
6 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.491982
7 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 4.506900
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 4.529322
9 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.533931
10 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.544787
11 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.557008
12 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southeast_English @ 4.575757
13 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.585806
14 Irish + North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.599701
15 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.601883
16 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.627013
17 Irish + Irish + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 4.643621
18 North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.649347
19 North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.651919
20 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 4.655656

[Grace O'Malley]

Might as well post my mother's results as she is from North Tipperary

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.72
2 European_Early_Farmers 27.42
3 Caucasian 21.34
4 South_Central_Asian 8.95
5 Ancestral_Altaic 3.95


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 1.974797
2 Frisian @ 3.690379
3 English @ 3.981685
4 Dutch @ 4.808324
5 North_European @ 4.845012
6 Belgian @ 5.045202
7 CEU @ 5.510624
8 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.011768
9 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.036612
10 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 6.065234
11 Welsh @ 6.147563
12 British @ 6.173512
13 South_German @ 6.224822
14 German-Volga @ 6.749453
15 Orcadian @ 7.344228
16 Norwegian_East @ 7.796450
17 Icelandic @ 7.873104
18 Norwegian_West @ 8.462985
19 North_German @ 8.890092
20 Dane @ 9.213675

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 1.974797


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 1.974797


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.974797
2 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.024802
3 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.268517
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_German @ 2.365289
5 English + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.372225
6 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 2.481016
7 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.512714
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_European @ 2.524246
9 German-Volga + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.529401
10 Dutch + English + Irish + Irish @ 2.536710
11 German-Volga + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.551759
12 Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + South_German @ 2.558964
13 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Welsh @ 2.566673
14 Belgian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.601831
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 2.619190
16 CEU + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 2.634145
17 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 2.658118
18 Irish + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.666554
19 Frisian + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 2.678272
20 English + Frisian + Irish + Irish @ 2.682802

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 50.42
2 Baltic 23.81
3 West_Med 12.96
4 West_Asian 8.32
5 South_Asian 2.10
6 Amerindian 1.01


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 3.143407
2 Orcadian @ 4.268422
3 West_Scottish @ 4.317485
4 North_Dutch @ 5.147239
5 Southwest_English @ 5.420005
6 Danish @ 5.611537
7 Southeast_English @ 6.237319
8 Norwegian @ 6.695510
9 North_German @ 6.851321
10 Swedish @ 9.155701
11 South_Dutch @ 10.003715
12 West_German @ 11.277791
13 French @ 16.116611
14 North_Swedish @ 16.135696
15 Austrian @ 16.701109
16 East_German @ 16.878784
17 Hungarian @ 22.042406
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.973730
19 Southwest_French @ 24.546381
20 Southwest_Finnish @ 25.073265

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 3.143407


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% North_German @ 3.119535


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 3.119535
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.143407
3 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 3.258338
4 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southwest_English @ 3.268622
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 3.313056
6 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.342844
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 3.361933
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.418522
9 Irish + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 3.421207
10 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 3.421952
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.440643
12 Irish + North_German + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.449418
13 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.455079
14 Danish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.521304
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 3.539776
16 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.549337
17 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.563988
18 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 3.565748
19 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 3.565993
20 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.566914

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 36.05
2 Atlantic 29.16
3 Baltic 10.33
4 Eastern_Euro 8.21
5 West_Med 7.91
6 West_Asian 5.88
7 South_Asian 1.75


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 3.712616
2 Southeast_English @ 4.006923
3 West_Scottish @ 4.064145
4 Orcadian @ 4.745761
5 Southwest_English @ 4.754088
6 North_Dutch @ 4.764510
7 Danish @ 5.020404
8 North_German @ 5.973527
9 South_Dutch @ 8.970989
10 Norwegian @ 9.095148
11 West_Norwegian @ 9.707964
12 Swedish @ 10.494390
13 West_German @ 10.563247
14 North_Swedish @ 13.809399
15 French @ 13.879684
16 East_German @ 15.707789
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 18.947729
18 Austrian @ 20.490095
19 Hungarian @ 21.300352
20 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.506128

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_German +50% Orcadian @ 3.030039


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% North_German +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 3.030039


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.805992
2 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.816043
3 North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.867043
4 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.948061
5 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.957859
6 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.992876
7 North_German + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.028737
8 North_German + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.030039
9 Irish + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 3.038073
10 North_German + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.069782
11 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.076714
12 North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.093904
13 North_German + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.110466
14 North_Dutch + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.115544
15 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.120717
16 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.158214
17 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.164444
18 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.164515
19 Danish + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.172993
20 North_German + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.178697

I think this shows that Irish results are all fairly similar and they all cluster with North/North Western Europe.

[Grace O'Malley]

Something I've noticed in the past is that North and North Western Irish appear to be a bit more leaning towards West Scots/Orcadian and Eastern/Southern Ireland more Cornwall/England.

[Grace O'Malley]

Donegal.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.47
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.38
3 Caucasian 18.09
4 South_Central_Asian 8.18
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.21
6 North_African 1.93


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.136638
2 Irish @ 3.699384
3 CEU @ 3.730562
4 English @ 3.759798
5 North_European @ 3.982740
6 Orcadian @ 4.149464
7 British @ 4.224741
8 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.448807
9 Welsh @ 4.529773
10 Frisian @ 5.177516
11 English_Kent_GBR @ 5.252607
12 Belgian @ 5.746893
13 Icelandic @ 6.317339
14 Dutch @ 6.473558
15 Norwegian_West @ 7.109968
16 Norwegian_East @ 7.685074
17 German-Volga @ 8.726610
18 South_German @ 8.773773
19 Dane @ 9.826680
20 Swede @ 10.424046

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.308442


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.308442


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.102964
2 German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.178623
3 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.240006
4 Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.279134
5 English + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.283723
6 Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.308442
7 German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.316447
8 Dutch + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.337425
9 Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 2.337711
10 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.347525
11 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.356191
12 Dutch + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.359704
13 English + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.363077
14 Dutch + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.373742
15 Dutch + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.389063
16 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.437599
17 English + English + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.438982
18 CEU + Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.443560
19 Irish + North_European + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.446476
20 Dutch + English + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.447897

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 52.72
2 Baltic 21.76
3 West_Med 13.35
4 West_Asian 7.90
5 Amerindian 2.03


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 3.270642
2 West_Scottish @ 3.527762
3 Southwest_English @ 4.535434
4 Orcadian @ 4.887077
5 Southeast_English @ 6.361028
6 North_Dutch @ 6.700273
7 Danish @ 7.510180
8 Norwegian @ 8.335711
9 North_German @ 9.369178
10 South_Dutch @ 11.180175
11 Swedish @ 11.495730
12 West_German @ 12.609004
13 French @ 16.387875
14 North_Swedish @ 18.718601
15 Austrian @ 19.226450
16 East_German @ 19.640293
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.639425
18 Southwest_French @ 24.155924
19 Hungarian @ 24.614395
20 Spanish_Cantabria @ 24.773100

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 3.270642


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Southwest_English @ 3.193318


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.193318
2 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.239379
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.269596
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.270642
5 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.307978
6 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.332825
7 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.396234
8 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.420856
9 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.469520
10 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.508315
11 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.527762
12 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.592330
13 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 3.603499
14 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.616421
15 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.636203
16 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.646166
17 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.660192
18 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 3.699749
19 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.721514
20 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.737193

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.47
2 Atlantic 33.24
3 Eastern_Euro 9.33
4 Baltic 7.81
5 West_Med 7.80
6 West_Asian 4.51
7 Amerindian 1.50


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 4.915218
2 Irish @ 5.000761
3 Southeast_English @ 5.169491
4 Orcadian @ 6.426386
5 Southwest_English @ 6.464709
6 Danish @ 7.654195
7 North_Dutch @ 8.307495
8 North_German @ 9.109219
9 South_Dutch @ 10.733010
10 Norwegian @ 12.529053
11 West_Norwegian @ 12.671276
12 West_German @ 13.965831
13 Swedish @ 14.283012
14 French @ 15.094831
15 North_Swedish @ 16.806458
16 East_German @ 18.696424
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 21.298405
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.360441
19 Austrian @ 22.541666
20 Spanish_Galicia @ 23.580442

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% West_Scottish @ 4.780249


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 4.780249


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.780249
2 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.781231
3 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.787458
4 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.817013
5 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.817931
6 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.824898
7 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.833115
8 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.879018
9 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.885142
10 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.886019
11 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.890908
12 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 4.892836
13 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.897232
14 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.913619
15 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.915218
16 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 4.922115
17 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.922790
18 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.932902
19 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.934074
20 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.936667

[Gooding]

Something I've noticed in the past is that North and North Western Irish appear to be a bit more leaning towards West Scots/Orcadian and Eastern/Southern Ireland more Cornwall/England.

Excellent observation.

[Grace O'Malley]

Here's mine using FTDNA kit. Sligo, Roscommon and North Tipperary.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.74
2 European_Early_Farmers 27.68
3 Caucasian 20.25
4 South_Central_Asian 7.29
5 Ancestral_Altaic 4.61


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 1.828315
2 English @ 2.103062
3 North_European @ 2.552208
4 Frisian @ 2.850877
5 Belgian @ 3.507460
6 CEU @ 3.875901
7 Dutch @ 3.962529
8 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.691832
9 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.692527
10 British @ 4.732500
11 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 5.106498
12 Welsh @ 5.140593
13 South_German @ 5.750781
14 Orcadian @ 5.849502
15 Icelandic @ 5.897701
16 Norwegian_East @ 5.942513
17 Norwegian_West @ 6.272954
18 German-Volga @ 6.833009
19 Dane @ 7.767303
20 North_German @ 7.888083

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% CEU +50% Dutch @ 1.232223


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% North_German +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.871963


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.746391
2 Dutch + English + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.788533
3 Dutch + Irish + Irish + North_European @ 0.859367
4 Irish + Irish + North_German + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.871963
5 Dutch + Irish + North_European + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.915249
6 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.920313
7 Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + South_German @ 0.921252
8 Austrian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.926313
9 Dane + Irish + Irish + Welsh @ 0.946443
10 CEU + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 0.954968
11 English + Icelandic + Irish + Irish @ 0.961234
12 Belgian + Dutch + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.974230
13 Dutch + Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 0.977535
14 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 0.978579
15 Dutch + Dutch + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 0.992467
16 Irish + Irish + Irish + Norwegian_East @ 1.005647
17 Irish + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 1.005663
18 Icelandic + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.006081
19 Dutch + Dutch + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.014186
20 Irish + Irish + North_German + Welsh @ 1.015316

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.71
2 Baltic 25.40
3 West_Med 9.97
4 West_Asian 7.30
5 Red_Sea 1.77
6 East_Med 1.61
7 Amerindian 1.28


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_Dutch @ 3.229219
2 Irish @ 3.414209
3 Norwegian @ 3.969620
4 West_Scottish @ 4.154647
5 Danish @ 4.244350
6 Orcadian @ 4.255836
7 North_German @ 5.967971
8 Southeast_English @ 6.869505
9 Southwest_English @ 6.894413
10 Swedish @ 7.120302
11 South_Dutch @ 11.453406
12 West_German @ 12.494723
13 North_Swedish @ 14.270684
14 Austrian @ 17.248459
15 East_German @ 17.379379
16 French @ 17.922009
17 Hungarian @ 22.268965
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 23.637180
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 26.201269
20 Southwest_French @ 27.184601

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Norwegian @ 2.484299


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% North_Dutch +25% Norwegian @ 2.481593


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Norwegian @ 2.481593
2 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + Norwegian @ 2.484299
3 Irish + Norwegian + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.516863
4 Irish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.542499
5 Irish + North_German + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.579951
6 North_German + Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.591957
7 Norwegian + Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.612724
8 Irish + Irish + North_German + Norwegian @ 2.622498
9 Irish + Irish + Irish + Norwegian @ 2.633069
10 Danish + Irish + Irish + Norwegian @ 2.649204
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + Swedish @ 2.650396
12 Irish + Irish + Swedish + West_Scottish @ 2.662073
13 North_Dutch + Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.664009
14 Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Norwegian @ 2.674993
15 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.680257
16 Danish + Irish + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.693465
17 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 2.712084
18 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.718063
19 Irish + North_Dutch + Swedish + West_Scottish @ 2.736863
20 Irish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Norwegian @ 2.741791

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 36.94
2 Atlantic 29.88
3 Baltic 11.94
4 Eastern_Euro 8.77
5 West_Med 5.03
6 West_Asian 4.94
7 Red_Sea 1.36
8 Amerindian 1.10


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 3.299904
2 West_Scottish @ 3.457904
3 North_Dutch @ 4.099496
4 Danish @ 4.380309
5 Orcadian @ 5.533373
6 Southeast_English @ 5.584321
7 North_German @ 5.806252
8 Southwest_English @ 7.363542
9 Norwegian @ 8.382288
10 West_Norwegian @ 8.743020
11 Swedish @ 9.257526
12 South_Dutch @ 11.066757
13 West_German @ 12.441850
14 North_Swedish @ 12.595618
15 East_German @ 16.380901
16 French @ 16.399813
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 17.803455
18 Austrian @ 21.039476
19 Finnish @ 21.567366
20 Hungarian @ 21.824751

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% North_Dutch @ 3.078538


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% North_Dutch @ 3.009964


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.997493
2 North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.005965
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 3.009964
4 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.020068
5 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 3.050910
6 Irish + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 3.051507
7 North_Dutch + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.063711
8 Irish + North_Dutch + North_German + West_Scottish @ 3.068580
9 Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.071463
10 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.073132
11 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 3.078538
12 Danish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 3.109738
13 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 3.110238
14 Irish + Irish + Irish + Swedish @ 3.124040
15 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + North_German @ 3.125936
16 North_German + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.128889
17 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 3.130583
18 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.130745
19 Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.130835
20 Irish + Irish + Swedish + West_Scottish @ 3.174461

[Neon Knight]

Until we get the results from the Irish DNA project, one thing we can do is speculate how historical population movements would have influenced southern Ireland in comparison to Britain.

http://i657.photobucket.com/albums/uu295/Alchemyst/PotBI%202015%20Britain%20Map%20My%20Version%2065_z psn5lcesor.jpg

If GEDmatch is correct and the Irish are closer to Dutch/Germans than French then it suggests they have a lot of the W.German #6 and maybe at least as much Norwgian as the West Scots. But if I didn't know about GEDmatch, I'd predict they have a lot of the NW French/Brittany #14. And maybe some original DNA type as well, given the relative isolation.

[Grace O'Malley]

Excellent observation.

Thanks Mr Gooding. It is sort of logical as well because the North/North West of Ireland is where Dal Riada and M222 hail from and also Scots appear to have settled that area (e.g. Donegal) and the east and south is where most Normans and English settled.

[Grace O'Malley]

Until we get the results from the Irish DNA project, one thing we can do is speculate how historical population movements would have influenced southern Ireland in comparison to Britain.

http://i657.photobucket.com/albums/uu295/Alchemyst/PotBI%202015%20Britain%20Map%20My%20Version%2065_z psn5lcesor.jpg

If GEDmatch is correct and the Irish are closer to Dutch/Germans than French then it suggests they have a lot of the W.German #6 and maybe at least as much Norwgian as the West Scots. But if I didn't know about GEDmatch, I'd predict they have a lot of the NW French/Brittany #14. And maybe some original DNA type as well, given the relative isolation.

NW French and Brittany would be different than other areas of France; they would be closer to British and Dutch populations. Southern French would be closer to Spanish and North Italians. So it depends on what area of France.

Another thing is that the Irish are more northern shifted than the English so this is why they are closer to populations like the Dutch than the French. Someone from the south east of England would be more likely closer to French than an Irish person from Co. Donegal.

[Gooding]

Something I've noticed in the past is that North and North Western Irish appear to be a bit more leaning towards West Scots/Orcadian and Eastern/Southern Ireland more Cornwall/England.
So do you suppose that Southern Ireland may have some Brythonic ( Cymric, Welsh/ Cornish) ethnic input? It would indeed be logical to assume the relationship between the West Scots and the semi- Norse Orcadians among the clans of Ulster due to proximity.

[Grace O'Malley]

So do you suppose that Southern Ireland may have some Brythonic ( Cymric, Welsh/ Cornish) ethnic input? It would indeed be logical to assume the relationship between the West Scots and the semi- Norse Orcadians among the clans of Ulster due to proximity.

Yes most definitely and not just Ulster but also into Connacht. That appears to make sense. All the east cost of Ireland is close to Wales and the Cambro-Normans settled in Waterford and Wexford which are the closest counties to Fishguard whereas Holyhead would be closest to the Dublin area.

I will keep an eye out for someone's Gedmatch from Cork or Kerry.

http://www.irelandwales.ie/images/sized/images/text_pages/ISMLKM-400x247.jpg

https://hitchhikeamerica.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/xinsrc_e4cb043896284c83aaf27ec770cfad74.gif

[Neon Knight]

https://wellcometrust.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/uk_image_detail_nocopyrighttext.jpg?w=870&h=1016

On this basic map from the PotBI project you'll notice that in the bottom left of Northern Ireland is an orange circle which is the genetic type for Northumbria in England. It could be a big clue to southern Ireland. But I find it strange that every other European country has its own type of DNA except the UK. If they were just testing how British DNA matched up to continental populations then they could have missed what they were not looking for.

[Grace O'Malley]

Some Cork results

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.36
2 European_Early_Farmers 29.30
3 Caucasian 20.16
4 Ancestral_Altaic 6.24
5 South_Central_Asian 5.05


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Frisian @ 2.712163
2 Belgian @ 2.890908
3 English @ 2.960257
4 English_Kent_GBR @ 3.009872
5 North_European @ 3.151103
6 CEU @ 3.254671
7 Irish @ 3.308903
8 British @ 3.331148
9 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 3.801598
10 Welsh @ 4.500778
11 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 5.025991
12 Orcadian @ 5.369807
13 Dutch @ 5.740319
14 Norwegian_West @ 6.032233
15 Icelandic @ 6.656388
16 Norwegian_East @ 6.785361
17 South_German @ 7.007252
18 German-Volga @ 7.664892
19 Dane @ 8.826374
20 Swede @ 9.179934

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% British +50% Frisian @ 1.690914


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Frisian +25% Swede @ 1.547452


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.479698
2 Belgian + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.483028
3 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Swede @ 1.547452
4 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.589268
5 Belgian + Belgian + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.596017
6 Belgian + Frisian + Frisian + Orcadian @ 1.597188
7 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_East @ 1.613137
8 Belgian + British + British + Frisian @ 1.633905
9 Dane + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 1.636155
10 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_East @ 1.646711
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.646925
12 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.649837
13 Belgian + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Norwegian_West @ 1.650611
14 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Swede @ 1.653155
15 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Norwegian_West @ 1.656230
16 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Norwegian_West @ 1.678771
17 Dane + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Kent_GBR @ 1.680028
18 British + British + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.690914
19 Belgian + British + British + Dutch @ 1.691165
20 English_Kent_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_West @ 1.693484

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 52.72
2 Baltic 23.99
3 West_Med 12.43
4 West_Asian 5.96
5 South_Asian 2.03
6 Red_Sea 1.30


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 1.642778
2 West_Scottish @ 1.988671
3 Orcadian @ 3.328878
4 Southwest_English @ 4.491655
5 North_Dutch @ 4.854113
6 Danish @ 5.488039
7 Southeast_English @ 5.937715
8 Norwegian @ 6.012997
9 North_German @ 7.988338
10 Swedish @ 9.145889
11 South_Dutch @ 11.465676
12 West_German @ 13.014734
13 North_Swedish @ 16.320787
14 French @ 17.285484
15 Austrian @ 18.587210
16 East_German @ 18.593773
17 Hungarian @ 23.980904
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.944302
19 Southwest_French @ 25.321007
20 Southwest_Finnish @ 25.600901

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 1.642778


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% West_Scottish @ 1.590172


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 1.590172
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.642778
3 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.645742
4 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.770046
5 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 1.931168
6 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.940221
7 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.977840
8 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.988671
9 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.037018
10 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.070204
11 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.132371
12 Irish + Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.156899
13 Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.162383
14 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 2.184382
15 North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.188280
16 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.190973
17 Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.196676
18 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 2.213294
19 Danish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.215059
20 Irish + Norwegian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.216543

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.84
2 Atlantic 31.59
3 Baltic 10.20
4 Eastern_Euro 9.55
5 West_Med 7.15
6 West_Asian 3.73
7 South_Asian 1.10


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.469878
2 West_Scottish @ 2.496537
3 Southeast_English @ 3.741071
4 Danish @ 4.910188
5 Orcadian @ 5.158907
6 Southwest_English @ 5.465241
7 North_Dutch @ 5.575886
8 North_German @ 6.699359
9 South_Dutch @ 9.884022
10 Norwegian @ 9.914850
11 West_Norwegian @ 10.389792
12 Swedish @ 11.435867
13 West_German @ 12.615411
14 North_Swedish @ 14.121640
15 French @ 14.994376
16 East_German @ 16.700020
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 18.822027
18 Austrian @ 21.083599
19 Hungarian @ 22.590927
20 Finnish @ 22.906395

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% West_Scottish @ 2.366521


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 2.366521


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.366521
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.379258
3 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.403919
4 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.449092
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.469878
6 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 2.479265
7 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.496537
8 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.497830
9 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 2.570367
10 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.587943
11 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.606356
12 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.638246
13 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.694942
14 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.704943
15 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.719715
16 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.724717
17 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.735258
18 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.740421
19 Danish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.744332
20 North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.745911

[Grace O'Malley]

I'll put in another couple of results from Cork.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.01
2 European_Early_Farmers 31.47
3 Caucasian 20.96
4 Ancestral_Altaic 4.30
5 South_Central_Asian 3.68
6 Arctic 1.75
7 North_African 1.16


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 English_Kent_GBR @ 2.696868
2 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.000521
3 Belgian @ 4.199640
4 CEU @ 4.326985
5 Welsh @ 4.368445
6 British @ 4.401424
7 English @ 4.555428
8 North_European @ 4.739586
9 Frisian @ 4.911830
10 Irish @ 5.392266
11 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.938089
12 Orcadian @ 6.961148
13 South_German @ 7.372437
14 Dutch @ 8.247351
15 German-Volga @ 8.266337
16 French @ 8.344507
17 Norwegian_West @ 8.529987
18 Norwegian_East @ 9.195309
19 Icelandic @ 9.361221
20 North_German @ 11.292843

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Kent_GBR +50% English_Kent_GBR @ 2.696868


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% French +25% Frisian +25% Swede @ 2.292873


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 French_South + Norwegian_West + Serb_Serbia + Swede @ 2.233715
2 French_South + Frisian + Hungarian + Swede @ 2.244733
3 French + French + Frisian + Swede @ 2.292873
4 Belgian + French + French + Swede @ 2.296066
5 French_South + Frisian + Slovenian + Swede @ 2.308895
6 Belarusian-East + English_Kent_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + French_South @ 2.314924
7 Belgian + French_South + Hungarian + Swede @ 2.331479
8 Basque_French + Belarusian_Russian + English_Cornwall_GBR + Serb_Serbia @ 2.354125
9 Belgian + Frisian + Spanish_Cataluna_IBS + Swede @ 2.355876
10 Basque_French + English_Cornwall_GBR + Mixed_East_Slav + Serb_Serbia @ 2.358431
11 Belgian + English_Kent_GBR + French_South + Kashub @ 2.366778
12 Belarusian_Russian + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + French_South @ 2.368109
13 English_Kent_GBR + French_South + Hungarian + Swede @ 2.368423
14 Belgian + French_South + Slovenian + Swede @ 2.371744
15 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + French_South + Mixed_East_Slav @ 2.375023
16 Croat_BH + Dutch + Spanish_Pais_Vasco_IBS + Swede @ 2.382898
17 British + Croat_BH + French_South + Swede @ 2.389578
18 Frisian + North_German + Spanish_Valencia_IBS + Swede @ 2.392694
19 French_South + Norwegian_East + Serb_Serbia + Swede @ 2.397422
20 Dane + Serb_BH + Spanish_Pais_Vasco_IBS + Swede @ 2.397700

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 52.95
2 Baltic 22.24
3 West_Med 13.04
4 East_Med 7.29
5 West_Asian 2.33


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southeast_English @ 4.334431
2 Southwest_English @ 5.937294
3 Orcadian @ 6.217885
4 West_Scottish @ 6.713122
5 Irish @ 7.528454
6 North_Dutch @ 7.692681
7 Danish @ 7.887337
8 South_Dutch @ 9.689912
9 Norwegian @ 9.784926
10 North_German @ 10.103143
11 West_German @ 11.085826
12 Swedish @ 12.529757
13 French @ 14.018579
14 Austrian @ 18.346771
15 North_Swedish @ 18.631050
16 East_German @ 19.050262
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 20.896809
18 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 22.118517
19 Southwest_French @ 22.362659
20 Spanish_Cantabria @ 22.770153

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% Southeast_English @ 4.334431


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% Southeast_English +25% Southeast_English @ 4.334431


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.334431
2 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 4.549094
3 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.584296
4 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.633922
5 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.879750
6 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 4.900623
7 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.910234
8 North_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.910510
9 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.927164
10 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.930422
11 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.050243
12 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 5.063186
13 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 5.073632
14 North_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 5.091527
15 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.112062
16 Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 5.184359
17 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 5.193879
18 South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.241571
19 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.288595
20 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 5.288854

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.86
2 Atlantic 31.36
3 Eastern_Euro 9.94
4 Baltic 9.36
5 West_Med 8.69
6 East_Med 2.80
7 West_Asian 1.17


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southeast_English @ 3.267118
2 West_Scottish @ 4.017451
3 Irish @ 4.287349
4 Southwest_English @ 4.854655
5 Danish @ 5.729698
6 Orcadian @ 6.162954
7 North_Dutch @ 6.570034
8 North_German @ 7.992765
9 South_Dutch @ 9.080094
10 Norwegian @ 10.335841
11 West_Norwegian @ 10.770837
12 West_German @ 11.564934
13 Swedish @ 12.081535
14 French @ 13.544823
15 North_Swedish @ 14.540841
16 East_German @ 16.894169
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.320824
18 Austrian @ 20.924156
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.057505
20 Spanish_Galicia @ 21.890539

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% Southeast_English @ 3.267118


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% Southeast_English +25% West_Scottish @ 3.176076


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.176076
2 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.267118
3 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.282490
4 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.327055
5 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.345634
6 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.359949
7 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.385404
8 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.472803
9 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.476444
10 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.496106
11 Danish + French_Basque + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 3.513366
12 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.526136
13 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.538914
14 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.546386
15 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.556933
16 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.559417
17 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.566815
18 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.579169
19 Danish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.609879
20 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.620376

[Grace O'Malley]

Another Cork result.

K23b

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.49
2 European_Early_Farmers 27.81
3 Caucasian 20.32
4 South_Central_Asian 7.95
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.55


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.186293
2 Frisian @ 3.156662
3 English @ 3.443540
4 North_European @ 4.366897
5 CEU @ 4.496523
6 Belgian @ 4.512044
7 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.735413
8 British @ 4.779322
9 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.852979
10 Dutch @ 5.007510
11 English_Kent_GBR @ 5.102254
12 Welsh @ 5.342098
13 Orcadian @ 5.889867
14 Icelandic @ 7.101479
15 German-Volga @ 7.168072
16 South_German @ 7.444304
17 Norwegian_West @ 7.449203
18 Norwegian_East @ 7.646094
19 Dane @ 9.191885
20 North_German @ 9.707798

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 2.186293


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Irish +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.122336


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.017448
2 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.038620
3 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.057237
4 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish @ 2.085802
5 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.101911
6 Frisian + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.122336
7 British + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 2.132835
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.141933
9 Dutch + Frisian + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.161861
10 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.184257
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.186293
12 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.194462
13 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.206742
14 Frisian + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.233498
15 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.252891
16 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.258633
17 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Welsh @ 2.270968
18 German-Volga + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.287090
19 CEU + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 2.290220
20 Frisian + Frisian + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.290316

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 49.96
2 Baltic 24.63
3 West_Med 13.37
4 West_Asian 7.32
5 South_Asian 2.09


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.972236
2 Orcadian @ 3.597314
3 West_Scottish @ 4.256853
4 North_Dutch @ 4.289424
5 Danish @ 4.786686
6 Southwest_English @ 4.983876
7 Southeast_English @ 5.457709
8 Norwegian @ 6.013305
9 North_German @ 6.013931
10 Swedish @ 8.288151
11 South_Dutch @ 9.278803
12 West_German @ 10.646190
13 North_Swedish @ 15.240487
14 French @ 15.573842
15 Austrian @ 15.730251
16 East_German @ 15.802526
17 Hungarian @ 21.172731
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.547382
19 Southwest_French @ 24.039413
20 Southwest_Finnish @ 24.136953

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 2.972236


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% North_German @ 2.493025


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 2.493025
2 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southwest_English @ 2.521679
3 Irish + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 2.689558
4 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 2.705775
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 2.734790
6 Irish + North_German + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.764394
7 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.772144
8 Irish + Irish + Norwegian + South_Dutch @ 2.809623
9 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 2.849193
10 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.874698
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 2.886300
12 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 2.893111
13 Irish + North_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.894495
14 Irish + North_Dutch + North_German + Southwest_English @ 2.914659
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 2.918319
16 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southeast_English @ 2.925030
17 Danish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.936778
18 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 2.943842
19 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.949277
20 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.972236

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 39.27
2 Atlantic 26.71
3 Baltic 11.19
4 West_Med 8.68
5 Eastern_Euro 6.84
6 West_Asian 4.81
7 South_Asian 1.66


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 4.242445
2 North_Dutch @ 4.308875
3 West_Scottish @ 5.699649
4 Irish @ 5.791740
5 Southwest_English @ 6.121759
6 Danish @ 6.130460
7 Southeast_English @ 6.137082
8 West_Norwegian @ 6.936790
9 Norwegian @ 7.101579
10 North_German @ 8.208179
11 Swedish @ 8.531548
12 West_German @ 10.055604
13 South_Dutch @ 11.060172
14 North_Swedish @ 13.190704
15 French @ 15.161172
16 East_German @ 16.907038
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.790243
18 Hungarian @ 22.039209
19 Austrian @ 22.555269
20 Finnish @ 22.938673

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +50% Orcadian @ 3.471436


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Orcadian +25% Southwest_English +25% Swedish @ 3.218682


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 3.218682
2 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 3.338895
3 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 3.381127
4 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.395511
5 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.471436
6 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Swedish @ 3.491918
7 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 3.522629
8 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.556038
9 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 3.563239
10 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German + West_Norwegian @ 3.574475
11 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 3.575934
12 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Swedish @ 3.585858
13 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.597483
14 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.601899
15 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Swedish @ 3.614343
16 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + Swedish @ 3.617440
17 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.618165
18 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German @ 3.634942
19 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian @ 3.639744
20 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Swedish @ 3.650873

[Grace O'Malley]

Looking at these results I think the Irish appear fairly uniform and there appears to be a trend across all of Ireland to some similarity to Scots and Dutch on these calculators whether you are from north or south of the island. The Irish appear quite similar to their British neighbours and I can't see anything unusual popping up in the Irish DNA Atlas when it is released.

Anyone surprised with anything or anything more to add?

I'm going to look at a few more Gedmatch results and if anything unusual shows up I'll post but the results do appear to be typically North West European which is not a surprise.

[Grace O'Malley]

I've looked at a few more results from Cork and some do appear to show affinity with English regions e.g. Cornwall.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 34.28
2 European_Early_Farmers 31.26
3 Caucasian 20.32
4 South_Central_Asian 6.36
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.00
6 Amerindian 1.08


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 1.976291
2 English_Kent_GBR @ 3.051538
3 Welsh @ 3.201027
4 British @ 3.534050
5 CEU @ 3.900649
6 Irish @ 4.150745
7 English @ 4.610664
8 Frisian @ 4.793349
9 Belgian @ 5.252485
10 North_European @ 5.452537
11 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 5.603683
12 Orcadian @ 5.800714
13 French @ 7.752818
14 German-Volga @ 8.360705
15 Dutch @ 8.471095
16 South_German @ 8.839378
17 Norwegian_West @ 9.440801
18 Icelandic @ 9.653386
19 Norwegian_East @ 10.341961
20 Dane @ 12.423154

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +50% English_Cornwall_GBR @ 1.976291


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Irish @ 1.925053


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Irish + Irish @ 1.737488
2 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Frisian + Irish @ 1.754792
3 British + French + Irish + Irish @ 1.839486
4 British + French + Frisian + Irish @ 1.870681
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 1.925053
6 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Frisian @ 1.942426
7 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Irish @ 1.946806
8 English_Kent_GBR + French + Irish + Irish @ 1.957798
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.962907
10 French + Frisian + Irish + Welsh @ 1.971491
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR @ 1.976291
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 1.982461
13 French + Frisian + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.985824
14 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Irish @ 1.989015
15 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Frisian @ 2.007433
16 French + Irish + Irish + Welsh @ 2.020158
17 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + French @ 2.021591
18 English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.030839
19 French + Frisian + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.053981
20 Belgian + English_Cornwall_GBR + French + Irish @ 2.071056

K13

Eurogenes K13 4-Ancestors Oracle
This program is based on 4-Ancestors Oracle Version 0.96 by Alexandr Burnashev.
Questions about results should be sent to him at: Alexandr.Burnashev@gmail.com
Original concept proposed by Sergey Kozlov.
Many thanks to Alexandr for helping us get this web version developed.

K13 Oracle ref data revised 21 Nov 2013

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 53.75
2 Baltic 21.26
3 West_Med 12.50
4 West_Asian 5.51
5 East_Med 3.94
6 South_Asian 2.07


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 3.400720
2 Southwest_English @ 3.985611
3 Irish @ 4.329814
4 Southeast_English @ 4.539014
5 Orcadian @ 4.564670
6 North_Dutch @ 6.638003
7 Danish @ 6.883364
8 Norwegian @ 8.711452
9 North_German @ 9.477968
10 South_Dutch @ 10.574426
11 West_German @ 12.041361
12 Swedish @ 12.049470
13 French @ 15.431793
14 North_Swedish @ 19.082376
15 Austrian @ 19.449715
16 East_German @ 20.031378
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.569178
18 Southwest_French @ 23.712063
19 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 23.871569
20 Spanish_Cantabria @ 24.141827

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% West_Scottish @ 3.209228


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 3.209228


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.059305
2 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.110189
3 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.202232
4 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.209228
5 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.241590
6 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.299605
7 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.324759
8 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.379026
9 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.400720
10 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.404567
11 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.420340
12 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.424794
13 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.432481
14 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.436849
15 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.459159
16 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.500561
17 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.509431
18 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.511460
19 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.559857
20 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.56384

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.90
2 Atlantic 33.80
3 West_Med 8.17
4 Baltic 8.08
5 Eastern_Euro 7.87
6 West_Asian 3.65
7 South_Asian 1.41


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 4.761061
2 West_Scottish @ 4.836612
3 Southeast_English @ 4.902175
4 Southwest_English @ 6.196302
5 Orcadian @ 6.208323
6 Danish @ 8.033046
7 North_Dutch @ 8.497709
8 North_German @ 9.597576
9 South_Dutch @ 10.932006
10 Norwegian @ 12.937778
11 West_Norwegian @ 12.950686
12 West_German @ 14.048264
13 Swedish @ 14.638691
14 French @ 14.895829
15 North_Swedish @ 17.571911
16 East_German @ 19.357550
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.896999
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 22.173904
19 Austrian @ 23.090435
20 Spanish_Galicia @ 23.189659

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% West_Scottish @ 4.590914


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 4.590914


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 French_Basque + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian @ 4.347822
2 French_Basque + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 4.410609
3 French_Basque + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 4.542397
4 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.588146
5 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.590914
6 French_Basque + Irish + Orcadian + West_Norwegian @ 4.591257
7 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 4.608003
8 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.611219
9 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.617078
10 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 4.636684
11 French_Basque + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 4.639639
12 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.641721
13 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.645613
14 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.646265
15 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 4.650279
16 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 4.660855
17 French_Basque + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.661579
18 Danish + French_Basque + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 4.663458
19 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.664748
20 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 4.678913

[Gooding]

On the whole, despite language, the Irish people may perhaps be more genetically Germanic than their English neighbors..

[Grace O'Malley]

Last one I'll add also from Cork.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.85
2 European_Early_Farmers 29.16
3 Caucasian 21.88
4 South_Central_Asian 5.38
5 Ancestral_Altaic 4.91


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Frisian @ 1.338704
2 Belgian @ 1.992308
3 English @ 2.953517
4 Irish @ 2.988503
5 North_European @ 3.389529
6 English_Kent_GBR @ 3.565633
7 CEU @ 4.257748
8 British @ 4.566416
9 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.823274
10 Dutch @ 4.939834
11 Welsh @ 5.308233
12 South_German @ 5.389283
13 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.247583
14 Norwegian_West @ 6.723666
15 Norwegian_East @ 6.736148
16 German-Volga @ 6.755269
17 Orcadian @ 6.868523
18 Icelandic @ 7.355256
19 North_German @ 8.402297
20 Dane @ 8.503423

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Belgian +50% Frisian @ 1.281018


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Frisian +25% North_European @ 1.228712


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.100403
2 Belgian + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.145788
3 Belgian + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.161793
4 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + North_European @ 1.228712
5 British + Frisian + Frisian + South_German @ 1.256609
6 Belgian + Belgian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.281018
7 Belgian + CEU + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.309751
8 CEU + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.311274
9 Belgian + Frisian + Frisian + North_European @ 1.314018
10 Belgian + British + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.317415
11 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.338704
12 British + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.379501
13 Belgian + Frisian + Frisian + Irish @ 1.379962
14 Belgian + Belgian + Frisian + Irish @ 1.386878
15 English + Frisian + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.392946
16 Dutch + English_Kent_GBR + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian @ 1.403297
17 Dutch + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.407205
18 Belgian + English + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.409125
19 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + South_German @ 1.431241
20 Belgian + Belgian + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian @ 1.443108

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 54.02
2 Baltic 22.53
3 West_Med 10.48
4 West_Asian 5.43
5 East_Med 4.08
6 South_Asian 2.05


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 3.495546
2 Irish @ 4.326878
3 Orcadian @ 4.567476
4 Southeast_English @ 5.330975
5 Southwest_English @ 5.574288
6 North_Dutch @ 5.731626
7 Danish @ 5.760851
8 Norwegian @ 7.380938
9 North_German @ 8.647023
10 Swedish @ 10.769903
11 South_Dutch @ 11.497205
12 West_German @ 12.703369
13 French @ 16.904261
14 North_Swedish @ 17.781006
15 Austrian @ 19.454292
16 East_German @ 19.892673
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.392736
18 Hungarian @ 24.541149
19 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 25.669096
20 Southwest_French @ 25.776007

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% West_Scottish +50% West_Scottish @ 3.495546


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 3.495546


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.446318
2 Danish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.479065
3 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.495546
4 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.632424
5 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.635047
6 Danish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.641665
7 North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.649492
8 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.666080
9 Danish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.720939
10 Danish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.736945
11 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.737898
12 North_Dutch + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.781499
13 Danish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.789966
14 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.803054
15 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.815130
16 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.816735
17 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.838741
18 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.854901
19 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.863341
20 Danish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.885265

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 Atlantic 35.45
2 North_Sea 34.65
3 Baltic 9.24
4 Eastern_Euro 8.27
5 West_Med 5.11
6 West_Asian 3.90
7 South_Asian 1.51
8 East_Med 1.32


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 5.893621
2 West_Scottish @ 6.186517
3 Southeast_English @ 6.964062
4 Orcadian @ 8.528871
5 Danish @ 8.728417
6 Southwest_English @ 9.013125
7 North_German @ 9.572263
8 North_Dutch @ 9.685884
9 South_Dutch @ 12.261361
10 Norwegian @ 14.191831
11 West_Norwegian @ 14.405461
12 Swedish @ 15.417768
13 West_German @ 15.862770
14 French @ 16.759855
15 North_Swedish @ 17.902168
16 East_German @ 19.725426
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 21.628437
18 Austrian @ 22.611423
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.310408
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 24.519123

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 5.893621


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Irish @ 5.893621


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 5.893621
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.932428
3 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.989236
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 6.052057
5 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 6.078898
6 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 6.088487
7 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 6.149687
8 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 6.186517
9 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 6.233080
10 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 6.293273
11 Irish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 6.325503
12 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 6.342339
13 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 6.384784
14 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 6.429622
15 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 6.462803
16 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 6.469250
17 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 6.490555
18 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 6.499139
19 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 6.501252
20 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 6.514930

[Grace O'Malley]

On the whole, despite language, the Irish people may perhaps be more genetically Germanic than their English neighbors..

Oh Gosh don't say that. :no000000: :)

I think it shows that the people from this part of Europe share deep ancestry going back to Bell Beaker/Corded Ware.

[Gooding]

Oh Gosh don't say that. :no000000: :)

I think it shows that the people from this part of Europe share deep ancestry going back to Bell Beaker/Corded Ware.

:yo: I retract my observation. :)

[Grace O'Malley]

:yo: I retract my observation. :)

I think the "Germanic" thing is a bit overused. :) I look on Germanic more as a culture and the Irish have deep cultural roots in their Gaelic/Celtic identity. When all these people populated these areas I don't know what their languages were.

Here's another one from Cork. Interesting results.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 39.49
2 European_Early_Farmers 25.76
3 Caucasian 22.87
4 South_Central_Asian 5.88
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.12


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Dutch @ 2.055698
2 Frisian @ 3.579575
3 Belgian @ 4.160033
4 South_German @ 4.566337
5 Irish @ 4.831921
6 English @ 5.046313
7 North_German @ 5.360406
8 North_European @ 5.422935
9 Norwegian_East @ 5.431286
10 Dane @ 5.588448
11 German-Volga @ 6.301666
12 Swede @ 6.619929
13 Norwegian_West @ 6.918017
14 Icelandic @ 7.270172
15 English_Kent_GBR @ 7.283228
16 CEU @ 7.296070
17 British @ 7.859932
18 Austrian @ 7.970058
19 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 8.282462
20 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 8.373451

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +50% North_German @ 1.785585


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Frisian +25% German @ 1.299058


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + German @ 1.299058
2 Frisian + Frisian + German + Irish @ 1.329414
3 Dutch + Frisian + Frisian + North_German @ 1.350077
4 British + Frisian + Frisian + Slovak @ 1.415532
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Slovak @ 1.443115
6 British + Frisian + Irish + Slovak @ 1.488284
7 Frisian + Frisian + South_German + Swede_Saami @ 1.519409
8 Dutch + Dutch + Frisian + North_German @ 1.520770
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + German @ 1.521125
10 Dane + Dutch + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.532933
11 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + Swede_Saami @ 1.535235
12 Frisian + Frisian + Slovak + Welsh @ 1.544229
13 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Slovak @ 1.544425
14 British + Czech + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.546435
15 Czech + Frisian + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.569806
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Kashub @ 1.571065
17 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Ukrainian_West @ 1.579972
18 British + Dutch + Frisian + Hungarian @ 1.581328
19 Frisian + German + Irish + Irish @ 1.584265
20 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Kashub @ 1.589592

K13

K13 Oracle ref data revised 21 Nov 2013

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.15
2 Baltic 26.05
3 West_Med 10.94
4 West_Asian 5.69
5 East_Med 4.29
6 Siberian 1.02


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_Dutch @ 1.993062
2 Danish @ 2.444599
3 Orcadian @ 3.248740
4 Norwegian @ 3.878744
5 Irish @ 4.378375
6 Southeast_English @ 4.668798
7 West_Scottish @ 4.725981
8 North_German @ 4.859859
9 Southwest_English @ 6.297414
10 Swedish @ 6.755784
11 South_Dutch @ 9.664303
12 West_German @ 10.653313
13 North_Swedish @ 13.577785
14 Austrian @ 15.612102
15 East_German @ 15.802073
16 French @ 16.316309
17 Hungarian @ 20.650200
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 22.764565
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.475224
20 Southwest_French @ 25.689079

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Norwegian +50% Southeast_English @ 1.873715


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +25% Norwegian +25% Southeast_English @ 1.746554


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.746554
2 Danish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.754852
3 Danish + Danish + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.833233
4 Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 1.873715
5 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.900876
6 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.908144
7 Danish + Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.919751
8 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.928710
9 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.931150
10 Danish + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 1.935053
11 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.936484
12 Danish + Danish + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.946553
13 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 1.979382
14 Danish + Danish + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.980646
15 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 1.991493
16 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 1.993062
17 Norwegian + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.016808
18 North_German + Norwegian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 2.020280
19 North_German + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.023333
20 Danish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian @ 2.026493

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 34.07
2 Atlantic 33.61
3 Baltic 11.22
4 Eastern_Euro 9.64
5 West_Med 5.50
6 West_Asian 5.29


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 4.969951
2 West_Scottish @ 5.505678
3 Southeast_English @ 6.387779
4 Danish @ 7.144806
5 North_German @ 7.177926
6 North_Dutch @ 7.987351
7 Southwest_English @ 8.193682
8 Orcadian @ 8.313991
9 South_Dutch @ 10.991080
10 Norwegian @ 12.414447
11 West_Norwegian @ 13.033929
12 Swedish @ 13.378475
13 West_German @ 14.676220
14 North_Swedish @ 15.582307
15 French @ 16.303864
16 East_German @ 17.026999
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 18.911007
18 Austrian @ 20.499794
19 Hungarian @ 22.839474
20 Finnish @ 23.186924

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 4.969951


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% North_German @ 4.966555


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 4.966555
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 4.969951
3 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 5.024145
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.059853
5 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.109161
6 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.184348
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 5.211271
8 North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.221604
9 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southeast_English @ 5.248430
10 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 5.288810
11 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.304116
12 Irish + North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.305716
13 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.333627
14 North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.382175
15 Irish + Irish + North_German + North_German @ 5.400523
16 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.409195
17 Irish + North_German + North_German + West_Scottish @ 5.416260
18 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.422615
19 North_German + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.454692
20 Danish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 5.483449

[de Burgh II]

I think the "Germanic" thing is a bit overused. :) I look on Germanic more as a culture and the Irish have deep cultural roots in their Gaelic/Celtic identity. When all these people populated these areas I don't know what their languages were.

Here's another one from Cork. Interesting results.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 39.49
2 European_Early_Farmers 25.76
3 Caucasian 22.87
4 South_Central_Asian 5.88
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.12


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Dutch @ 2.055698
2 Frisian @ 3.579575
3 Belgian @ 4.160033
4 South_German @ 4.566337
5 Irish @ 4.831921
6 English @ 5.046313
7 North_German @ 5.360406
8 North_European @ 5.422935
9 Norwegian_East @ 5.431286
10 Dane @ 5.588448
11 German-Volga @ 6.301666
12 Swede @ 6.619929
13 Norwegian_West @ 6.918017
14 Icelandic @ 7.270172
15 English_Kent_GBR @ 7.283228
16 CEU @ 7.296070
17 British @ 7.859932
18 Austrian @ 7.970058
19 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 8.282462
20 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 8.373451

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +50% North_German @ 1.785585


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Frisian +25% German @ 1.299058


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + German @ 1.299058
2 Frisian + Frisian + German + Irish @ 1.329414
3 Dutch + Frisian + Frisian + North_German @ 1.350077
4 British + Frisian + Frisian + Slovak @ 1.415532
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Slovak @ 1.443115
6 British + Frisian + Irish + Slovak @ 1.488284
7 Frisian + Frisian + South_German + Swede_Saami @ 1.519409
8 Dutch + Dutch + Frisian + North_German @ 1.520770
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + German @ 1.521125
10 Dane + Dutch + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.532933
11 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + Swede_Saami @ 1.535235
12 Frisian + Frisian + Slovak + Welsh @ 1.544229
13 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Slovak @ 1.544425
14 British + Czech + Frisian + Frisian @ 1.546435
15 Czech + Frisian + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.569806
16 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + Kashub @ 1.571065
17 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Ukrainian_West @ 1.579972
18 British + Dutch + Frisian + Hungarian @ 1.581328
19 Frisian + German + Irish + Irish @ 1.584265
20 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Kashub @ 1.589592

K13

K13 Oracle ref data revised 21 Nov 2013

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.15
2 Baltic 26.05
3 West_Med 10.94
4 West_Asian 5.69
5 East_Med 4.29
6 Siberian 1.02


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_Dutch @ 1.993062
2 Danish @ 2.444599
3 Orcadian @ 3.248740
4 Norwegian @ 3.878744
5 Irish @ 4.378375
6 Southeast_English @ 4.668798
7 West_Scottish @ 4.725981
8 North_German @ 4.859859
9 Southwest_English @ 6.297414
10 Swedish @ 6.755784
11 South_Dutch @ 9.664303
12 West_German @ 10.653313
13 North_Swedish @ 13.577785
14 Austrian @ 15.612102
15 East_German @ 15.802073
16 French @ 16.316309
17 Hungarian @ 20.650200
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 22.764565
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.475224
20 Southwest_French @ 25.689079

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Norwegian +50% Southeast_English @ 1.873715


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +25% Norwegian +25% Southeast_English @ 1.746554


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.746554
2 Danish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.754852
3 Danish + Danish + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.833233
4 Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 1.873715
5 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.900876
6 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.908144
7 Danish + Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.919751
8 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.928710
9 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Norwegian + Southeast_English @ 1.931150
10 Danish + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 1.935053
11 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.936484
12 Danish + Danish + North_Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.946553
13 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 1.979382
14 Danish + Danish + North_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 1.980646
15 Danish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 1.991493
16 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch @ 1.993062
17 Norwegian + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.016808
18 North_German + Norwegian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 2.020280
19 North_German + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.023333
20 Danish + North_Dutch + Norwegian + Orcadian @ 2.026493

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 34.07
2 Atlantic 33.61
3 Baltic 11.22
4 Eastern_Euro 9.64
5 West_Med 5.50
6 West_Asian 5.29


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 4.969951
2 West_Scottish @ 5.505678
3 Southeast_English @ 6.387779
4 Danish @ 7.144806
5 North_German @ 7.177926
6 North_Dutch @ 7.987351
7 Southwest_English @ 8.193682
8 Orcadian @ 8.313991
9 South_Dutch @ 10.991080
10 Norwegian @ 12.414447
11 West_Norwegian @ 13.033929
12 Swedish @ 13.378475
13 West_German @ 14.676220
14 North_Swedish @ 15.582307
15 French @ 16.303864
16 East_German @ 17.026999
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 18.911007
18 Austrian @ 20.499794
19 Hungarian @ 22.839474
20 Finnish @ 23.186924

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 4.969951


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% North_German @ 4.966555


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 4.966555
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 4.969951
3 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 5.024145
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.059853
5 Irish + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.109161
6 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.184348
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 5.211271
8 North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.221604
9 Irish + Irish + North_German + Southeast_English @ 5.248430
10 Danish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 5.288810
11 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.304116
12 Irish + North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.305716
13 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.333627
14 North_German + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.382175
15 Irish + Irish + North_German + North_German @ 5.400523
16 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.409195
17 Irish + North_German + North_German + West_Scottish @ 5.416260
18 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.422615
19 North_German + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.454692
20 Danish + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 5.483449

I guess its safe to assume they simply plot mostly northern European, albeit distinctly with their indigenous Celtic brethren across the pond. :thumb001:

[Gooding]

I guess its safe to assume they simply plot mostly northern European, albeit distinctly with their indigenous Celtic brethren across the pond. :thumb001:

YOur people are certainly distinctive. :) I'm honored that my daughter ( through her mother) shares your heritage in part ( through the McSweeneys of County Donegal) :)

[Grace O'Malley]

I've looked at quite a few results now and there is definitely a lot of Dutch showing up in these results. What do people make of this? Their is a pull towards Dutch, West Scots, Norwegians. So much for the Irish being descended from the Basque or any Iberian population that appears to not be accurate at all.

K15 for another Corkonian

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 38.94
2 Atlantic 29.20
3 Eastern_Euro 11.03
4 Baltic 8.85
5 West_Med 5.85
6 West_Asian 4.60


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 3.707248
2 West_Scottish @ 3.900892
3 Danish @ 4.524938
4 North_Dutch @ 5.015847
5 Irish @ 5.159658
6 Southeast_English @ 5.900511
7 West_Norwegian @ 7.370322
8 Southwest_English @ 7.451243
9 Norwegian @ 7.745049
10 North_German @ 8.060091
11 Swedish @ 9.712795
12 South_Dutch @ 11.929675
13 West_German @ 12.390771
14 North_Swedish @ 12.621504
15 French @ 16.954725
16 East_German @ 18.022318
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.143978
18 Finnish @ 22.705063
19 Austrian @ 22.934984
20 Hungarian @ 23.459578

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +50% Orcadian @ 3.073704


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 3.073704


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.068342
2 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.073704
3 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.114133
4 Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.213435
5 Danish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.273067
6 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.306274
7 Danish + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.315086
8 Danish + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.320485
9 Danish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.325078
10 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.331014
11 West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.346535
12 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.350642
13 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.356334
14 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.362399
15 Norwegian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.366880
16 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian @ 3.396357
17 Irish + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.407865
18 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.424073
19 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.429590
20 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.460913

[Gooding]

North Sea stronk, maybe? With that knee slapping levity out of the way, maybe there were Celtic tribes in the Netherlands who migrated west at one time? Weren't the Belgae such a tribe? http://www.ancestraljourneys.org/celtictribes.shtml

[Grace O'Malley]

North Sea stronk, maybe? With that knee slapping levity out of the way, maybe there were Celtic tribes in the Netherlands who migrated west at one time? Weren't the Belgae such a tribe? http://www.ancestraljourneys.org/celtictribes.shtml

That has crossed my mind before. The Celts that came to Ireland look like Belgae. How else to explain the results?

[de Burgh II]

North Sea stronk, maybe? With that knee slapping levity out of the way, maybe there were Celtic tribes in the Netherlands who migrated west at one time? Weren't the Belgae such a tribe? http://www.ancestraljourneys.org/celtictribes.shtml

What you say may be probable... there may be some continuity/connections amongst continental celts....


Cultural change in the later prehistoric period in Ireland was traditionally explained in terms of the emigration of Celtic peoples from continental Europe. In contrast, modern archaeological research has produced a growing consensus that the period was marked by general cultural continuity with little evidence of external intrusion. Perhaps the Celtic invasion theories need to be re-examined, or more evidence found to support them. The only historical reference to a Celtic invasion is in Britain, which is that of the Belgae who conquered parts of the south east of England in 75 BC. One thing is certain and that is the impact that Celtic languages had on Ireland, as evidenced during the early Christian period beginning in the 5th century AD, and as seen today in the Gaeilge of modern Ireland.

Celtic Sword By about 700 BC, swords of the Hallstatt type start to appear in Ireland, but these were made of bronze, not of iron, so it seems likely that these were bronze copies made by local smiths. Celtic languages and culture are thought to have their roots in the latter part of the Hallstatt culture (about 800 to 475 BC) during the Iron Age in the upper Rhine and Danube valleys of central Europe.

The arrival of the Iron Age may have begun as early as 500 BC and lasted up to 500 AD, although there have been no clear indications iron was the predominant metal for weapon making in Ireland until around the third century BC. Long earthworks such as the Dorsey in Co. Armagh and the Black Pig's Dyke, which run across much of lower Ulster, were thought to be built during the Iron Age. The earliest waves of Celtic migrants may have reached the country as early as the 6th century BC (or before) with subsequent groups arriving up to the time of Christ. The Celts belonged linguistically to the great Indo-European family. They soon came to dominate Ireland and it's earlier people, as told to us by the great Irish sagas of the pre-Christian period. If you get a chance to look through the early Stories, Myths, and Annals of Ireland you are struck by the wonderful record of great warriors, chieftains, septs and kingdoms.

The earliest possible written reference to Ireland is in the Peripolous of Himilco, the Carthaginian who wrote in the 6th century BC. In it he references Celtic tribes on the North Sea, as well as in France and Spain. Writing in the late 4th century BC Pytheus refers to the British Isles as the Pretanic islands, from Priteni, terms which allude to a Celtic connection for the islands. A Greek name for the island as Ierne, as mentioned by Strabo in his work Geography. In De Bello Gallico, written about 52 BC, Caesar refers to name Hibernia. Ptolemy produced the first map (of Hibernia) with identifiable features about the middle of the 2nd century AD. In his Ora Maritima (4th century AD), based on a Greek original of the early 6th century BC, Festus Rufus Avienus refers to Ireland as Insula sacra (holy island) and to the inhabitants as gens hiernorum. The modern country's name of Éire (Gaeilge for Ireland) is thought to be derived, among others, from an early tribal group of Ireland referred to as the Érainn (aka Iverni).

Some of the early descriptions of the [continental] Celts are from Poseidonios whose original works were written before 70 BC and survive in the works of later writers, e.g. Diodorus Siculus, Strabo, and Athenaus. Poseidonios describes a threefold division of Celtic society, the institutions of the druids, bardic praise poetry and clientship. Each of these are known in early Celtic Ireland as well as on the continent, where that which we call "Celtic" originated in central Europe.

By about 100 BC Irish bogs were being drained for more farmland, and some of the forest had been cleared. This is often associated with the arrival of La Tene Celtic culture (named after a Celtic site in Switzerland) into Ireland. The La Tène culture (which may date in Ireland from 300 BC or earlier) is represented in a unique stlye of metalwork and some stone sculpture, mainly found in the northern half of the country. Connections with northern England are apparent.

http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/neolithic.htm

[Grace O'Malley]

This is quite a Celtic result.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 34.67
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.45
3 Caucasian 17.63
4 South_Central_Asian 9.06
5 Ancestral_Altaic 7.17
6 North_African 1.49


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.276340
2 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.921779
3 Irish @ 4.999823
4 Orcadian @ 5.023201
5 CEU @ 5.136505
6 Welsh @ 5.246327
7 British @ 5.316261
8 English @ 5.429575
9 North_European @ 5.961332
10 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.366099
11 Frisian @ 6.577799
12 Belgian @ 7.268192
13 Dutch @ 8.053148
14 Icelandic @ 8.205424
15 Norwegian_West @ 9.051540
16 German-Volga @ 9.436809
17 Norwegian_East @ 9.787499
18 South_German @ 10.320383
19 French @ 11.289684
20 Dane @ 11.708100

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.736431
2 German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.764988
3 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.820926
4 German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.833006
5 Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.890057
6 Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360
7 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.907356
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.929011
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.929391
10 German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.938438
11 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.955755
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.976170
13 Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.977817
14 Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 3.995261
15 English + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.002182
16 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.007214
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.011018
18 English + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.011292
19 Basque_Spanish + Estonian + Norwegian_West + Tajik_Yagnobi @ 4.013535
20 German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 4.021066

[Gooding]

This is quite a Celtic result.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 34.67
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.45
3 Caucasian 17.63
4 South_Central_Asian 9.06
5 Ancestral_Altaic 7.17
6 North_African 1.49


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.276340
2 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.921779
3 Irish @ 4.999823
4 Orcadian @ 5.023201
5 CEU @ 5.136505
6 Welsh @ 5.246327
7 British @ 5.316261
8 English @ 5.429575
9 North_European @ 5.961332
10 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.366099
11 Frisian @ 6.577799
12 Belgian @ 7.268192
13 Dutch @ 8.053148
14 Icelandic @ 8.205424
15 Norwegian_West @ 9.051540
16 German-Volga @ 9.436809
17 Norwegian_East @ 9.787499
18 South_German @ 10.320383
19 French @ 11.289684
20 Dane @ 11.708100

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.736431
2 German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.764988
3 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.820926
4 German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.833006
5 Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.890057
6 Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.897360
7 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.907356
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.929011
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.929391
10 German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.938438
11 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.955755
12 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.976170
13 Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 3.977817
14 Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 3.995261
15 English + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.002182
16 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.007214
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.011018
18 English + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.011292
19 Basque_Spanish + Estonian + Norwegian_West + Tajik_Yagnobi @ 4.013535
20 German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 4.021066

It is indeed! :thumbs

[Grace O'Malley]

Another K23b result; these are all from Cork. This one has a very Belgae vibe

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.25
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.30
3 Caucasian 22.25
4 South_Central_Asian 6.73
5 Ancestral_Altaic 4.30
6 North_African 1.41


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.180925
2 Frisian @ 2.283727
3 English @ 2.583863
4 Belgian @ 2.951154
5 North_European @ 3.930296
6 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.469113
7 Dutch @ 4.726677
8 CEU @ 4.873699
9 South_German @ 4.944078
10 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 4.967638
11 German-Volga @ 5.302678
12 Welsh @ 5.401413
13 British @ 5.483719
14 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.564740
15 Orcadian @ 7.488541
16 Norwegian_East @ 7.860964
17 Norwegian_West @ 8.389250
18 Icelandic @ 8.428031
19 North_German @ 8.944699
20 Dane @ 9.273720

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Belgian +50% Irish @ 1.881235


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +25% French +25% Irish @ 1.579297


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Frisian + German-Volga + Irish + Welsh @ 1.532740
2 Frisian + German-Volga + Irish + Irish @ 1.537315
3 English + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.547884
4 English + German-Volga + Irish + Irish @ 1.577335
5 Dutch + Dutch + French + Irish @ 1.579297
6 Frisian + German-Volga + Irish + North_European @ 1.592842
7 Dutch + Dutch + French + Frisian @ 1.595358
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Irish + South_German @ 1.595979
9 Frisian + Frisian + German-Volga + Welsh @ 1.602792
10 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.605321
11 English_Kent_GBR + German-Volga + Irish + Irish @ 1.610113
12 CEU + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.611379
13 German-Volga + Irish + Irish + North_European @ 1.630495
14 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.636205
15 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish + South_German @ 1.638228
16 Frisian + Irish + Irish + South_German @ 1.643757
17 German-Volga + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.649058
18 Frisian + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.659538
19 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_German @ 1.661322
20 British + Frisian + German-Volga + Irish @ 1.667267

And this their K13 (very Irish)

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.85
2 Baltic 22.85
3 West_Med 13.24
4 West_Asian 6.86
5 South_Asian 1.67
6 Amerindian 1.09
7 East_Med 1.09


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 1.776579
2 West_Scottish @ 2.324567
3 Orcadian @ 3.100150
4 Southwest_English @ 3.503959
5 Southeast_English @ 5.022929
6 North_Dutch @ 5.137125
7 Danish @ 5.805570
8 Norwegian @ 6.956134
9 North_German @ 7.846161
10 Swedish @ 9.970429
11 South_Dutch @ 10.090438
12 West_German @ 11.620100
13 French @ 15.769516
14 North_Swedish @ 17.093180
15 Austrian @ 17.869295
16 East_German @ 18.141922
17 Hungarian @ 23.297497
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.347042
19 Southwest_French @ 23.871288
20 Spanish_Cantabria @ 24.553751

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Irish @ 1.776579


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Southwest_English @ 1.581161


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 1.581161
2 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 1.714046
3 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 1.776579
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 1.810875
5 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 1.878353
6 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.907136
7 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.912673
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.922686
9 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 1.944154
10 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 1.982103
11 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.016280
12 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 2.044043
13 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.088244
14 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.096010
15 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 2.104463
16 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.124440
17 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.151183
18 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.202985
19 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.235641
20 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English @ 2.246432

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 36.45
2 Atlantic 29.84
3 Baltic 10.02
4 West_Med 9.16
5 Eastern_Euro 8.48
6 West_Asian 3.51
7 South_Asian 1.43


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southeast_English @ 2.889999
2 Irish @ 3.106182
3 West_Scottish @ 3.240135
4 Southwest_English @ 3.426520
5 Orcadian @ 4.177215
6 North_Dutch @ 4.976117
7 Danish @ 5.167263
8 North_German @ 7.106860
9 South_Dutch @ 9.018688
10 Norwegian @ 9.030248
11 West_Norwegian @ 9.501111
12 Swedish @ 10.792364
13 West_German @ 10.893290
14 French @ 13.619962
15 North_Swedish @ 13.998199
16 East_German @ 16.263670
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.238415
18 Austrian @ 21.194723
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.898155
20 Hungarian @ 22.054356

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southwest_English +50% West_Scottish @ 1.955593


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southwest_English +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 1.955593


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 1.877661
2 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 1.941232
3 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 1.955593
4 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 1.984271
5 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 1.994590
6 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.015125
7 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.083228
8 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.090730
9 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.132773
10 Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.205537
11 Southeast_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.205814
12 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.230775
13 Danish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.239482
14 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.247629
15 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.261877
16 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.270160
17 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.273484
18 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.290691
19 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.300198
20 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.301832

[Grace O'Malley]

If you look at the 3 calculators if you are North West European you can get anything from Irish through to German as your top population. Calculators don't appear to be able to differentiate these populations very well especially Irish, Scots, English and Dutch or they are just too close.

[Grace O'Malley]

Another K13 result. Well I can't wait to see what the Irish DNA Atlas throws up. The North Dutch appears pretty consistent.

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 48.63
2 Baltic 24.75
3 West_Med 12.60
4 West_Asian 7.36
5 East_Med 4.26
6 East_Asian 1.22


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_Dutch @ 3.719998
2 Danish @ 4.251822
3 North_German @ 4.273779
4 Southeast_English @ 4.390560
5 Orcadian @ 4.397964
6 Irish @ 5.067023
7 Southwest_English @ 5.965892
8 West_Scottish @ 5.972711
9 Norwegian @ 6.282096
10 South_Dutch @ 6.966343
11 West_German @ 7.844481
12 Swedish @ 8.182799
13 Austrian @ 13.419024
14 French @ 13.717287
15 East_German @ 14.029219
16 North_Swedish @ 14.687451
17 Hungarian @ 18.730017
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.035103
19 Southwest_French @ 23.391460
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 23.414288

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Norwegian +50% South_Dutch @ 2.457415


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% North_German +25% West_German @ 1.935459


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_German @ 1.935459
2 Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_German @ 1.936242
3 Irish + North_Dutch + North_German + West_German @ 1.970254
4 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + West_German @ 2.000170
5 Irish + North_Dutch + North_German + South_Dutch @ 2.025064
6 North_Dutch + North_German + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.030315
7 North_German + Norwegian + Southwest_English + West_German @ 2.040340
8 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Orcadian + West_German @ 2.071236
9 Irish + North_German + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.080029
10 Danish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_German @ 2.093410
11 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_German @ 2.096366
12 North_Dutch + North_German + Southwest_English + West_German @ 2.096489
13 North_Dutch + North_German + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 2.142204
14 Irish + North_German + Norwegian + West_German @ 2.143790
15 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.150190
16 North_Dutch + Norwegian + Southwest_English + West_German @ 2.151298
17 North_German + Orcadian + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.153413
18 North_German + Norwegian + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.187497
19 North_Dutch + North_German + Orcadian + West_German @ 2.192677
20 Irish + Irish + North_German + South_Dutch @ 2.192835

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 35.97
2 Atlantic 27.16
3 Baltic 11.97
4 West_Med 8.32
5 Eastern_Euro 8.30
6 West_Asian 4.39
7 East_Med 2.84


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_Dutch @ 3.042704
2 Southeast_English @ 3.737534
3 Danish @ 3.901558
4 Irish @ 4.424536
5 Southwest_English @ 4.453943
6 North_German @ 4.518287
7 West_Scottish @ 4.889594
8 Orcadian @ 6.013256
9 Norwegian @ 7.311723
10 South_Dutch @ 7.364374
11 West_German @ 7.547627
12 Swedish @ 8.304617
13 West_Norwegian @ 8.398978
14 North_Swedish @ 11.876511
15 French @ 12.436204
16 East_German @ 13.604545
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 17.182253
18 Austrian @ 18.489664
19 Hungarian @ 18.630537
20 Finnish @ 20.688646

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +50% Southwest_English @ 2.309277


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% North_Dutch +25% West_German @ 1.523930


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_German @ 1.503539
2 Irish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_German @ 1.523930
3 Irish + North_Dutch + Southeast_English + West_German @ 1.549476
4 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southeast_English + West_German @ 1.559903
5 Irish + North_Dutch + North_German + West_German @ 1.588009
6 Irish + North_German + Orcadian + West_German @ 1.622983
7 North_Dutch + North_German + West_German + West_Scottish @ 1.652874
8 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + South_Dutch @ 1.669913
9 Danish + Irish + North_Dutch + West_German @ 1.673474
10 Irish + North_Dutch + West_German + West_Scottish @ 1.718217
11 Irish + Southeast_English + Swedish + West_German @ 1.728884
12 Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English + West_German @ 1.738654
13 Irish + North_German + West_German + West_Scottish @ 1.741788
14 North_Dutch + Southeast_English + West_German + West_Scottish @ 1.741880
15 North_Dutch + North_German + Orcadian + West_German @ 1.742406
16 North_Dutch + North_German + Southeast_English + West_German @ 1.744046
17 Irish + Irish + North_German + West_German @ 1.753029
18 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + West_German + West_Scottish @ 1.754404
19 Danish + North_Dutch + Southeast_English + West_German @ 1.756347
20 Danish + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 1.792082

[Grace O'Malley]

All below are results of different people from Cork to give a good cross section of results. Each test is a different person.

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 37.07
2 Atlantic 28.13
3 Eastern_Euro 9.59
4 Baltic 8.16
5 West_Med 7.49
6 West_Asian 6.34
7 East_Med 1.56
8 South_Asian 1.09


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 4.248598
2 Southeast_English @ 4.697395
3 West_Scottish @ 4.816377
4 Danish @ 5.012146
5 North_Dutch @ 5.257085
6 Irish @ 5.340923
7 Southwest_English @ 5.577378
8 North_German @ 6.985451
9 Norwegian @ 8.832614
10 West_Norwegian @ 9.096411
11 South_Dutch @ 9.336990
12 West_German @ 9.802277
13 Swedish @ 10.626653
14 North_Swedish @ 13.655087
15 French @ 13.976954
16 East_German @ 16.567947
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.625683
18 Austrian @ 21.172241
19 Hungarian @ 21.768515
20 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.938469

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_German +50% Orcadian @ 3.671743


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Orcadian +25% Orcadian +25% South_Dutch @ 3.120768


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.120768
2 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.258895
3 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.292036
4 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.304737
5 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 3.348859
6 Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 3.368527
7 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.414203
8 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German + West_Scottish @ 3.419395
9 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.462114
10 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German @ 3.488392
11 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German @ 3.513889
12 Danish + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.514253
13 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 3.516395
14 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_German @ 3.520590
15 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.532388
16 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.552618
17 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.560226
18 Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English @ 3.560865
19 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_German @ 3.566012
20 Orcadian + West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.590600

K15

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 32.57
2 Atlantic 28.89
3 Baltic 12.38
4 West_Med 11.51
5 Eastern_Euro 8.16
6 West_Asian 5.54


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southwest_English @ 4.751805
2 Southeast_English @ 5.919960
3 South_Dutch @ 6.246519
4 North_German @ 6.602375
5 Irish @ 6.882904
6 North_Dutch @ 7.666387
7 West_Scottish @ 7.845536
8 Danish @ 8.089734
9 Orcadian @ 9.300270
10 West_German @ 9.892130
11 French @ 10.877449
12 Norwegian @ 11.485907
13 Swedish @ 12.391695
14 East_German @ 12.508408
15 West_Norwegian @ 12.897376
16 North_Swedish @ 14.919962
17 Austrian @ 17.291410
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 18.023201
19 Hungarian @ 18.514091
20 Spanish_Cataluna @ 18.825300

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% North_German +50% Southwest_English @ 4.448421


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% North_Dutch +25% North_Dutch +25% Southwest_French @ 3.937908


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.646903
2 French_Basque + North_German + Swedish + Swedish @ 3.707453
3 East_German + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.734413
4 East_German + French_Basque + West_Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 3.766593
5 French_Basque + North_German + Norwegian + Swedish @ 3.780634
6 East_German + Southeast_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.816921
7 French_Basque + North_German + Swedish + West_Norwegian @ 3.818750
8 French_Basque + North_Dutch + Swedish + Swedish @ 3.859142
9 North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_French + Swedish @ 3.922962
10 French_Basque + Southwest_English + Swedish + Swedish @ 3.929529
11 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_Dutch + Southwest_French @ 3.937908
12 East_German + French_Basque + Swedish + West_Norwegian @ 3.944600
13 East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.948403
14 French_Basque + North_German + Norwegian + Norwegian @ 3.968169
15 East_German + French_Basque + North_Dutch + West_Norwegian @ 3.971776
16 French_Basque + North_Dutch + North_German + Swedish @ 3.972786
17 East_German + French_Basque + Orcadian + Swedish @ 3.984264
18 North_Dutch + North_Dutch + North_German + Southwest_French @ 3.984725
19 Irish + North_German + Southwest_French + West_Norwegian @ 3.991116
20 East_German + French_Basque + Norwegian + West_Norwegian @ 3.991863

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.48
2 European_Early_Farmers 27.18
3 Caucasian 21.30
4 Ancestral_Altaic 6.87
5 South_Central_Asian 6.50
6 North_African 1.67


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Frisian @ 2.937325
2 English @ 2.981030
3 Irish @ 3.152122
4 Belgian @ 3.429690
5 Dutch @ 4.056185
6 North_European @ 4.214148
7 CEU @ 5.201874
8 English_Kent_GBR @ 5.253302
9 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 5.301314
10 British @ 5.620583
11 German-Volga @ 5.638754
12 Welsh @ 6.125913
13 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.271339
14 South_German @ 6.345148
15 Orcadian @ 7.068124
16 Norwegian_East @ 7.324170
17 Icelandic @ 7.592051
18 Norwegian_West @ 7.602047
19 Dane @ 8.436276
20 North_German @ 9.003789

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +50% English_Cornwall_GBR @ 2.071335


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +25% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% English_Cornwall_GBR @ 2.071335


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + Frisian + German-Volga + Orcadian @ 2.008283
2 Dutch + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR @ 2.071335
3 Dutch + Frisian + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.085041
4 Dutch + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 2.124698
5 Dutch + German-Volga + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.137421
6 Dutch + Dutch + English + English_Cornwall_GBR @ 2.137640
7 Dutch + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 2.138897
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Swede_Saami @ 2.145113
9 British + Dutch + German-Volga + Irish @ 2.145268
10 British + Dutch + Frisian + German-Volga @ 2.166033
11 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + German-Volga @ 2.168662
12 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.173369
13 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Irish @ 2.181314
14 Dutch + English + German-Volga + Orcadian @ 2.197911
15 Dutch + English + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga @ 2.209072
16 Belgian + Dutch + German-Volga + Orcadian @ 2.209609
17 British + Dutch + English + German-Volga @ 2.219928
18 Dutch + German-Volga + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.230408
19 Frisian + Frisian + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.235255
20 British + Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga @ 2.235463

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.45
2 European_Early_Farmers 26.86
3 Caucasian 24.16
4 Ancestral_Altaic 5.80
5 South_Central_Asian 4.13


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Belgian @ 3.168147
2 Frisian @ 3.348223
3 Dutch @ 4.216313
4 South_German @ 4.344675
5 German-Volga @ 4.716865
6 English @ 5.047082
7 Irish @ 5.219801
8 North_European @ 5.985623
9 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.486769
10 CEU @ 7.430788
11 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 7.570472
12 Norwegian_East @ 7.662406
13 North_German @ 7.747303
14 British @ 7.793023
15 Dane @ 7.937617
16 Welsh @ 8.381952
17 Austrian @ 8.497782
18 Norwegian_West @ 8.621306
19 Swede @ 8.902238
20 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 9.291325

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +50% German-Volga @ 2.732788


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Frisian +25% Norwegian_West +25% Serb_Serbia @ 1.991150


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Belgian + British + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 1.979585
2 British + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 1.985122
3 Frisian + Frisian + Norwegian_West + Serb_Serbia @ 1.991150
4 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 1.996179
5 Belgian + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.023980
6 Croat + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian @ 2.059742
7 Belgian + Frisian + Norwegian_West + Serb_Serbia @ 2.063225
8 Belgian + English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.070884
9 Frisian + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.082003
10 English_Kent_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_West + Serb_Serbia @ 2.094837
11 Frisian + Frisian + North_European + Serb_Serbia @ 2.115810
12 British + Croat + Frisian + Frisian @ 2.118422
13 Belgian + Belgian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.123450
14 British + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_BH @ 2.124586
15 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_BH @ 2.129388
16 CEU + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.131207
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Frisian + Serb_Serbia @ 2.153360
18 Belgian + Belgian + British + Serb_Serbia @ 2.156953
19 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Norwegian_East + Serb_Serbia @ 2.157711
20 Croat_BH + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian @ 2.160429

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 51.11
2 Baltic 22.96
3 West_Med 13.53
4 West_Asian 6.94
5 East_Med 1.94
6 Amerindian 1.31
7 Siberian 1.28


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 2.891462
2 Orcadian @ 3.027915
3 West_Scottish @ 3.380742
4 Southwest_English @ 3.709170
5 Southeast_English @ 4.551291
6 North_Dutch @ 5.000727
7 Danish @ 5.825461
8 Norwegian @ 6.974354
9 North_German @ 7.475918
10 South_Dutch @ 9.134660
11 Swedish @ 9.858684
12 West_German @ 10.595649
13 French @ 14.965590
14 North_Swedish @ 16.775024
15 Austrian @ 16.973034
16 East_German @ 17.381615
17 Hungarian @ 22.334858
18 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.557837
19 Southwest_French @ 23.186567
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 23.786283

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Southwest_English @ 2.664888


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% South_Dutch +25% West_Scottish @ 2.514132


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 2.514132
2 Irish + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 2.535958
3 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.539089
4 Irish + South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.548591
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.598700
6 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 2.605874
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southeast_English @ 2.644960
8 South_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.645792
9 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.664888
10 Irish + Irish + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 2.673896
11 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.678217
12 Irish + West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.688391
13 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.690795
14 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 2.699775
15 Irish + Irish + West_German + West_Scottish @ 2.703136
16 West_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.721645
17 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.727451
18 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.729659
19 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 2.732703
20 Irish + North_Dutch + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 2.735248

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 48.20
2 Baltic 19.37
3 West_Med 17.97
4 West_Asian 5.60
5 South_Asian 3.57
6 East_Med 1.76
7 Red_Sea 1.34
8 Amerindian 1.14


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southwest_English @ 6.353505
2 Southeast_English @ 7.604565
3 South_Dutch @ 8.127339
4 Orcadian @ 8.588173
5 Irish @ 8.746928
6 West_Scottish @ 8.918464
7 West_German @ 10.050461
8 North_Dutch @ 10.721300
9 French @ 10.985761
10 Danish @ 11.017622
11 North_German @ 11.729734
12 Norwegian @ 13.071043
13 Swedish @ 14.969461
14 Austrian @ 17.218794
15 Spanish_Cataluna @ 17.469776
16 Southwest_French @ 17.499725
17 East_German @ 17.926723
18 Spanish_Cantabria @ 18.131563
19 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 18.634605
20 Spanish_Galicia @ 18.647028

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% French +50% Irish @ 5.536921


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Southwest_English +25% Spanish_Cantabria @ 4.080429


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 French_Basque + Irish + North_German + South_Dutch @ 3.892142
2 Austrian + French_Basque + Irish + Irish @ 3.958202
3 French_Basque + Irish + North_German + West_German @ 3.970716
4 Austrian + French_Basque + Irish + West_Scottish @ 3.980905
5 French_Basque + North_German + North_German + Southwest_English @ 4.003076
6 East_German + French_Basque + Irish + Irish @ 4.003290
7 East_German + French_Basque + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.006578
8 French_Basque + North_German + South_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 4.022106
9 French_Basque + Irish + North_German + North_German @ 4.042095
10 Austrian + French_Basque + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.046121
11 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + West_German @ 4.046764
12 East_German + French_Basque + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.052981
13 French_Basque + North_German + West_German + West_Scottish @ 4.070482
14 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + South_Dutch @ 4.075901
15 French_Basque + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 4.078627
16 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Spanish_Cantabria @ 4.080429
17 French_Basque + Irish + South_Dutch + Swedish @ 4.096980
18 French_Basque + Irish + Swedish + West_German @ 4.105616
19 French_Basque + North_German + North_German + West_Scottish @ 4.121921
20 Irish + Irish + Irish + Spanish_Cantabria @ 4.137980

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 50.46
2 Baltic 23.75
3 West_Med 13.16
4 East_Med 6.54
5 West_Asian 2.81
6 Amerindian 1.40
7 Red_Sea 1.01


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Southeast_English @ 2.990946
2 Orcadian @ 4.998392
3 Southwest_English @ 5.543659
4 North_Dutch @ 5.846501
5 Danish @ 6.149632
6 West_Scottish @ 6.396940
7 Irish @ 6.638069
8 South_Dutch @ 7.579585
9 North_German @ 7.687757
10 Norwegian @ 8.164161
11 West_German @ 8.951522
12 Swedish @ 10.397217
13 French @ 12.879889
14 Austrian @ 15.501022
15 East_German @ 16.119503
16 North_Swedish @ 16.264664
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 20.589952
18 Hungarian @ 20.627899
19 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 21.714281
20 Southwest_French @ 21.914879

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +50% Southeast_English @ 2.990946


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Southeast_English +25% Southeast_English +25% Southeast_English @ 2.990946


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 2.990946
2 North_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.245040
3 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.271463
4 Danish + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.285979
5 South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.419488
6 French + Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.436130
7 Orcadian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.458195
8 Norwegian + Norwegian + Norwegian + Spanish_Murcia @ 3.471493
9 North_German + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.473366
10 Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.482054
11 North_Dutch + South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.488436
12 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.494153
13 Norwegian + South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.505896
14 French + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 3.506056
15 Norwegian + Norwegian + Norwegian + Spanish_Valencia @ 3.507738
16 South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.526281
17 Southeast_English + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.539183
18 French + Norwegian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 3.542008
19 Danish + South_Dutch + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 3.548367
20 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_German @ 3.570951

I think there is enough posted to get a fairly comprehensive idea about Irish genetics

[Grace O'Malley]

Wow hadn't realised you posted so many Irish samples. I'll run up Cork for you on a K15.

Average Cork.
Similarity


Irish 2.272874
W_Scot 2.3408751
SE_Eng 2.7353859
SW_Eng 4.387892
Orcadian 4.3987812
Dane 4.6610681
N_Nld 5.0080531
Icelandic 5.2973707
N_German 6.4338057

http://s8.postimg.org/boepkmig5/cork.jpg

http://s14.postimg.org/6mnfa0hkh/cork.jpg

http://s4.postimg.org/g0vm13pd9/eurogenes.jpg

Thanks Graham. So Cork is between Ireland and SE England which makes a lot of sense. I had a lot of Gedmatch results from Cork and there was quite a few that got SE England as their top result but also quite a few that got West Scotland/Orcadian and on the K23 quite a few people's top result was Frisian which I suppose is similar to North Dutch.

Cork was a Viking settlement of the Norse variety and also was a populated by the Old English (Normans) but did became a hotbed of Irish nationalism in the 19th century. Michael Collins was a Corkman.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cork

[Grace O'Malley]

Apparently a Viking graveyard with 200 remains was found in Sligo. Sligo is in the far north west of Ireland not far from Donegal (Co Leitrim separates them). It would be great if they could get some dna from these remains.

My Grandmother was from Sligo and she married a man from Boyle just across the county border of Roscommon.

http://www.johnthemap.co.uk/images/co_sligo.gif


http://www.independent.ie/regionals/sligochampion/lifestyle/vikings-had-a-much-bigger-presence-in-sligo-than-had-been-first-thought-27568729.html

[Brianna]

Thanks Graham. So Cork is between Ireland and SE England which makes a lot of sense. I had a lot of Gedmatch results from Cork and there was quite a few that got SE England as their top result but also quite a few that got West Scotland/Orcadian and on the K23 quite a few people's top result was Frisian which I suppose is similar to North Dutch.

Cork was a Viking settlement of the Norse variety and also was a populated by the Old English (Normans) but did became a hotbed of Irish nationalism in the 19th century. Michael Collins was a Corkman.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cork

Were enough English settlers in Munster to affect contemporary genetic matches to people in SE England and the Benelux area?

[Grace O'Malley]

Were enough English settlers in Munster to affect contemporary genetic matches to people in SE England and the Benelux area?

There were a few plantations in Ireland and one in Munster but I would have thought the genetics could possibly mirror Britain going back to antiquity with people from Northern Britain going to the northern regions of Ireland and the people from more southern areas crossing into areas in the south of Ireland. Places like Cork were settled by some incomers such as Vikings, Normans, English so I'm sure there would be some impact on the genetics of the area. I have a feeling that Irish before settlement by these groups were more related to West Scots as these people were all Gaelic speakers. I think if the Irish DNA Atlas is based on the PoBI it should show some of these subtle differences in the Irish population.

http://core.ecu.edu/umc/Munster/PDF/Settlement-Munster-plantation.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantations_of_Ireland

Here is a good site with some maps of settlement at different stages.

http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/ire1600.htm

[Graham]

Tidied up a bit & put in a couple of Counties provided on this thread for K15. Though only Cork has enough for an average.

http://s3.postimg.org/8ozo7stn7/map.jpg

[Grace O'Malley]

Tidied up a bit & put in a couple of Counties provided on this thread for K15. Though only Cork has enough for an average.

http://s3.postimg.org/8ozo7stn7/map.jpg

It makes a lot of sense where they plot when you look at location.

[Neon Knight]

I've looked at quite a few results now and there is definitely a lot of Dutch showing up in these results. What do people make of this? Their is a pull towards Dutch, West Scots, Norwegians. So much for the Irish being descended from the Basque or any Iberian population that appears to not be accurate at all.

I'm pretty sure that due to a combination of imprecision in the original saliva readings and imprecision in the GEDmatch methods, differences between northwestern Europeans are not being detected consistently, resulting in almost random Oracle results within that region. I've got more faith in this:
http://blog.23andme.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/novembreblogpostfig.jpg
I think French, Irish, British and, to a lesser extent, Germanics are partly descended from post Ice Age Iberians, but that genetic drift since then has pretty much severed that connection (look at the map I put in Gooding's Iceland thread in the Autosomal DNA section to see how quick and strong the effect of genetic drift can be).

[Alessio]

I'm pretty sure that due to a combination of imprecision in the original saliva readings and imprecision in the GEDmatch methods, differences between northwestern Europeans are not being detected consistently, resulting in almost random Oracle results within that region. I've got more faith in this:
http://blog.23andme.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/novembreblogpostfig.jpg
I think French, Irish, British and, to a lesser extent, Germanics are partly descended from post Ice Age Iberians, but that genetic drift since then has pretty much severed that connection (look at the map I put in Gooding's Iceland thread in the Autosomal DNA section to see how quick and strong the effect of genetic drift can be).

We are pretty much made of the same basal populations.

[Grace O'Malley]

I'm pretty sure that due to a combination of imprecision in the original saliva readings and imprecision in the GEDmatch methods, differences between northwestern Europeans are not being detected consistently, resulting in almost random Oracle results within that region. I've got more faith in this:
http://blog.23andme.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/novembreblogpostfig.jpg
I think French, Irish, British and, to a lesser extent, Germanics are partly descended from post Ice Age Iberians, but that genetic drift since then has pretty much severed that connection (look at the map I put in Gooding's Iceland thread in the Autosomal DNA section to see how quick and strong the effect of genetic drift can be).

The Irish DNA Atlas study should be pretty comprehensive (8 great grandparents from the same area). We'll have to wait and see what that shows.

Also some of those people have tested with 23andMe and like myself come out overwhelmingly British&Irish in their AC.

[Jackson]

Looking at these results I think the Irish appear fairly uniform and there appears to be a trend across all of Ireland to some similarity to Scots and Dutch on these calculators whether you are from north or south of the island. The Irish appear quite similar to their British neighbours and I can't see anything unusual popping up in the Irish DNA Atlas when it is released.

Anyone surprised with anything or anything more to add?

I'm going to look at a few more Gedmatch results and if anything unusual shows up I'll post but the results do appear to be typically North West European which is not a surprise.

Interesting how one of the individuals has a chunk of east med, but it seems that most or the majority at least don't have any.

[sql]

http://i.imgur.com/MZg3zkx.png

These are my grandmother's AncestryDNA results. She is 3/4 Irish and 1/4 Scottish.

[Neon Knight]

http://i.imgur.com/MZg3zkx.png

These are my grandmother's AncestryDNA results. She is 3/4 Irish and 1/4 Scottish.

Those are pretty much the reverse of my mum's results (she is 7/8 English, 1/8 Irish):

Great Britain: 73% (Typical native: 60%)
Ireland: 12% (Typical native: 95%)
West Europe: 8% (Typical native: 48%)
Scandinavia: 3% (Typical native: 84%)
Finland/NW Russia: 1% (Typical native: 99%)
Iberia: 1% (Typical native: 51%)

[Grace O'Malley]

Those are pretty much the reverse of my mum's results (she is 7/8 English, 1/8 Irish):

Great Britain: 73% (Typical native: 60%)
Ireland: 12% (Typical native: 95%)
West Europe: 8% (Typical native: 48%)
Scandinavia: 3% (Typical native: 84%)
Finland/NW Russia: 1% (Typical native: 99%)
Iberia: 1% (Typical native: 51%)

Why on all these tests are results for Irish so extreme? On 23andMe most Irish get over 90% and on FTDNA 100% and on the AncestryDNA the typical native Irish person gets 95%. No other nationality gets such overwhelming results except possibly the Finns.

[sql]

Those are pretty much the reverse of my mum's results (she is 7/8 English, 1/8 Irish):

Great Britain: 73% (Typical native: 60%)
Ireland: 12% (Typical native: 95%)
West Europe: 8% (Typical native: 48%)
Scandinavia: 3% (Typical native: 84%)
Finland/NW Russia: 1% (Typical native: 99%)
Iberia: 1% (Typical native: 51%)

Similar to my grandfather's results. He's half French-Canadian and half Irish.

http://i.imgur.com/49WZUfF.png

[Neon Knight]

Why on all these tests are results for Irish so extreme? On 23andMe most Irish get over 90% and on FTDNA 100% and on the AncestryDNA the typical native Irish person gets 95%. No other nationality gets such overwhelming results except possibly the Finns.
As I've speculated before, it could well be that there is some unique genetic variation in the Irish due to relative isolation. When is the last record of any major population movement into Ireland? That haplogroup study said Bronze Age to c.1000 AD for the Norse input.

[Jackson]

I've looked at quite a few results now and there is definitely a lot of Dutch showing up in these results. What do people make of this? Their is a pull towards Dutch, West Scots, Norwegians. So much for the Irish being descended from the Basque or any Iberian population that appears to not be accurate at all.

K15 for another Corkonian

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 38.94
2 Atlantic 29.20
3 Eastern_Euro 11.03
4 Baltic 8.85
5 West_Med 5.85
6 West_Asian 4.60


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 3.707248
2 West_Scottish @ 3.900892
3 Danish @ 4.524938
4 North_Dutch @ 5.015847
5 Irish @ 5.159658
6 Southeast_English @ 5.900511
7 West_Norwegian @ 7.370322
8 Southwest_English @ 7.451243
9 Norwegian @ 7.745049
10 North_German @ 8.060091
11 Swedish @ 9.712795
12 South_Dutch @ 11.929675
13 West_German @ 12.390771
14 North_Swedish @ 12.621504
15 French @ 16.954725
16 East_German @ 18.022318
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.143978
18 Finnish @ 22.705063
19 Austrian @ 22.934984
20 Hungarian @ 23.459578

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +50% Orcadian @ 3.073704


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 3.073704


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.068342
2 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.073704
3 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.114133
4 Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.213435
5 Danish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.273067
6 Danish + Danish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.306274
7 Danish + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.315086
8 Danish + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.320485
9 Danish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.325078
10 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.331014
11 West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.346535
12 Norwegian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.350642
13 North_Dutch + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.356334
14 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.362399
15 Norwegian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.366880
16 Danish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Norwegian @ 3.396357
17 Irish + Orcadian + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.407865
18 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.424073
19 North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.429590
20 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 3.460913

With recent aDNA results coming to mind i'd guess it's because British Isles populations & other NW Europeans are primarily descended from individuals in the Corded Ware/Bell Beaker interaction zone in central-north Europe. Although given that recent aDNA from Sintashta culture in central Asia are coming out as being closest to modern day north-central Europeans, perhaps the relatedness is because people who were genetically ancestral to or related to the ancestors of modern northern Europeans were quite widespread, and Celtic, Germanic, Italic, Slavic etc developed out of those groups.

It's interesting though, i remember reading in one of the 'Celtic from the West' volumes a linguistic argument that Celtic cannot be from western Europe at an early date because it shares linguistic innovations with eastern Indo-European groupings like Indo-Iranian, and lo and behold there were people not dissimilar from modern day Celtic speakers and of course Beaker people of central Europe all the way in the east during the Bronze Age.

But yeah basically it looks like Irish and Dutch and all the rest of it share the largest part of their ancestry going back to the Bronze Age which is why they are similar despite having relatively little to do with each other for the last few thousand years. So i think it's probably not actually possible to objectively get a measure of Celtic vs Germanic that easily in regards to autosomal ancestry, although the first R1b-U106 appears in Battle Axe/Corded Ware context in Sweden, and all the Beakers so far seem to be P312. So probably a large part of U106 and I1 can be seen as Nordic Bronze Age lineages outside Scandinavia perhaps, and when you consider that say between England and Ireland there isn't much autosomal difference (and what there is is more recent than the early medieval period) but there are significant differences in the frequencies of those two lineages, those together would suggest that western Corded Ware and Central/north-central European Beaker peoples were quite similar. Or as Davidski argues i think, that Beaker (and even Beaker P312) might have been born of Corded Ware (R1b is in Corded Ware as well, although a minority) then it makes sense that two different regions are quite similar autosomally while having different cultural and y-dna trajectories in the last few thousand years. It was interesting that the Estonian (?) Corded Ware individual from the Rise project basically looked like a hunter-gatherer with only a little farmer admixture, quite a bit of variation but also quite a vast area. Maybe cultural connections from central Europe to to north-east Europe homogenised things a bit throughout the period, ie made NE Europeans more farmerish than they were previously.

Bit of a disorganized ramble but anyway, i don't think trying to explain small regional differences in NW Europe with Celtic or Germanic quite cuts it anymore really if similarities already existed in the first place, at least in regards to autosomal ancestry.

[Grace O'Malley]

A result for Co Longford

K23b

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 36.49
2 European_Early_Farmers 30.32
3 Caucasian 17.94
4 South_Central_Asian 7.58
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.22


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 British @ 2.366832
2 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.446026
3 CEU @ 2.632714
4 Orcadian @ 2.923877
5 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 3.108912
6 Welsh @ 3.172008
7 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.028529
8 Irish @ 4.127251
9 North_European @ 4.335431
10 English @ 4.363612
11 Frisian @ 5.129753
12 Belgian @ 5.865863
13 Icelandic @ 6.764482
14 Norwegian_West @ 7.067101
15 Dutch @ 7.787426
16 Norwegian_East @ 8.468225
17 South_German @ 9.508940
18 German-Volga @ 9.807205
19 French @ 10.352422
20 Dane @ 10.973215

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.686322


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.686322


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.597975
2 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 1.608315
3 British + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.657529
4 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.660372
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.670843
6 British + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.673335
7 British + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 1.685662
8 English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.686322
9 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 1.690235
10 British + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.703809
11 English_Cornwall_GBR + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.706475
12 British + Frisian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.734654
13 British + British + Irish + Orcadian @ 1.752859
14 Frisian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 1.755180
15 British + British + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.759785
16 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Welsh @ 1.766692
17 Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 1.769787
18 British + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.772223
19 Frisian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.779624
20 Frisian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.786310

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 53.41
2 Baltic 23.31
3 West_Med 13.43
4 West_Asian 6.44
5 East_Asian 1.21


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 2.875227
2 Irish @ 2.905545
3 Orcadian @ 4.160108
4 Southwest_English @ 4.322869
5 North_Dutch @ 6.065480
6 Southeast_English @ 6.473455
7 Danish @ 6.993510
8 Norwegian @ 7.138927
9 North_German @ 9.334013
10 Swedish @ 10.360635
11 South_Dutch @ 11.918700
12 West_German @ 13.544188
13 French @ 17.455601
14 North_Swedish @ 17.491728
15 Austrian @ 19.454744
16 East_German @ 19.579136
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.661814
18 Southwest_French @ 24.852264
19 Hungarian @ 24.918657
20 Spanish_Cantabria @ 25.644918

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% West_Scottish @ 2.797357


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 2.797357


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.797357
2 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.801616
3 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.819262
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.828273
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.837150
6 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.841664
7 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.875227
8 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.905545
9 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.909172
10 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.029152
11 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.039886
12 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.061309
13 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.101907
14 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 3.106144
15 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.112913
16 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.121815
17 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.138279
18 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.145061
19 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.200774
20 Norwegian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.249899

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 Atlantic 33.59
2 North_Sea 33.44
3 Eastern_Euro 10.12
4 Baltic 9.88
5 West_Med 8.04
6 West_Asian 3.42


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 5.213415
2 Southeast_English @ 5.423240
3 West_Scottish @ 5.605202
4 Southwest_English @ 6.598388
5 Danish @ 7.563234
6 North_German @ 8.086224
7 Orcadian @ 8.235486
8 North_Dutch @ 8.480968
9 South_Dutch @ 9.728511
10 Norwegian @ 12.735982
11 West_Norwegian @ 13.444143
12 West_German @ 14.058416
13 Swedish @ 14.131581
14 French @ 14.588489
15 North_Swedish @ 16.063360
16 East_German @ 16.816568
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 19.394272
18 Austrian @ 20.431688
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 21.394926
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 22.713818

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Southeast_English @ 5.120792


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% French_Basque +25% West_Norwegian @ 4.493486


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 French_Basque + North_Swedish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.278821
2 French_Basque + North_Swedish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 4.362507
3 Danish + French_Basque + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 4.383780
4 French_Basque + Irish + North_Swedish + West_Scottish @ 4.447751
5 French_Basque + Irish + North_Swedish + Orcadian @ 4.488512
6 French_Basque + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.489909
7 Danish + Danish + French_Basque + West_Norwegian @ 4.493486
8 French_Basque + Swedish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.498975
9 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + West_Norwegian @ 4.512222
10 Danish + French_Basque + Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 4.542304
11 French_Basque + Norwegian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.544129
12 Danish + Danish + French_Basque + West_Scottish @ 4.555974
13 Danish + French_Basque + North_Swedish + West_Scottish @ 4.561411
14 Danish + French_Basque + Swedish + West_Scottish @ 4.579488
15 French_Basque + Irish + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 4.601032
16 Danish + Danish + Danish + French_Basque @ 4.607539
17 French_Basque + North_German + West_Norwegian + West_Scottish @ 4.608040
18 French_Basque + North_Swedish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 4.621167
19 Danish + French_Basque + North_Swedish + Orcadian @ 4.622526
20 Danish + Danish + French_Basque + Orcadian @ 4.639884


Map showing where Longford is situated

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/78/County_Longford.png

[Grace O'Malley]

Wicklow/Co Dublin. I've noticed German-Volga popping up in a few of these results.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 35.25
2 European_Early_Farmers 28.10
3 Caucasian 19.30
4 South_Central_Asian 7.46
5 Ancestral_Altaic 6.93


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 3.095183
2 English @ 3.577747
3 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 3.920864
4 CEU @ 4.164967
5 Frisian @ 4.346189
6 British @ 4.433249
7 North_European @ 4.502515
8 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 4.537082
9 Welsh @ 4.679910
10 English_Kent_GBR @ 4.808654
11 Belgian @ 4.931652
12 Orcadian @ 5.322041
13 Dutch @ 6.181201
14 German-Volga @ 7.410897
15 Icelandic @ 7.622016
16 Norwegian_West @ 7.985055
17 South_German @ 8.238125
18 Norwegian_East @ 8.460586
19 Dane @ 10.151384
20 North_German @ 10.883411

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% German-Volga +50% Orcadian @ 2.713772


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% English_Cornwall_GBR +25% German-Volga +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.645260


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 German-Volga + Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.363610
2 German-Volga + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.402511
3 German-Volga + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.412332
4 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.422792
5 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.486485
6 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.490825
7 English_Cornwall_GBR + German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.538304
8 Frisian + German-Volga + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.558435
9 British + German-Volga + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.579514
10 Frisian + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.580575
11 British + German-Volga + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.582845
12 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.585300
13 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.589005
14 Frisian + German-Volga + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.594822
15 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish @ 2.606838
16 Dutch + English_Cornwall_GBR + English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.609806
17 English_Cornwall_GBR + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.621580
18 German-Volga + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 2.639007
19 British + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.640442
20 English + German-Volga + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.644904

K13

dmix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 53.97
2 Baltic 20.65
3 West_Med 11.46
4 West_Asian 8.72
5 South_Asian 3.26
6 Amerindian 1.27


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 5.123242
2 Irish @ 5.253006
3 Southwest_English @ 6.910845
4 Orcadian @ 6.992792
5 North_Dutch @ 8.432729
6 Southeast_English @ 8.557298
7 Danish @ 8.718173
8 Norwegian @ 9.729022
9 North_German @ 10.775888
10 Swedish @ 12.869191
11 South_Dutch @ 13.255628
12 West_German @ 14.553802
13 French @ 18.241442
14 North_Swedish @ 20.018328
15 Austrian @ 21.247101
16 East_German @ 21.661091
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 25.425295
18 Southwest_French @ 26.267511
19 Hungarian @ 26.463848
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 26.682842

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% West_Scottish +50% West_Scottish @ 5.123242


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 5.123242


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.114615
2 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.123242
3 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.127645
4 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 5.178185
5 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 5.253006
6 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.392829
7 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.403481
8 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 5.406483
9 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 5.449927
10 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.542376
11 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.552597
12 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 5.583011
13 Irish + Irish + Irish + Orcadian @ 5.644160
14 Danish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.768630
15 North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.785693
16 Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.794771
17 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 5.795602
18 Irish + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.797369
19 Danish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.805180
20 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 5.809631

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 36.84
2 Atlantic 31.78
3 Eastern_Euro 9.35
4 Baltic 6.47
5 West_Med 6.40
6 West_Asian 5.67
7 South_Asian 2.78


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Orcadian @ 5.549358
2 West_Scottish @ 5.562059
3 Irish @ 6.131505
4 Southeast_English @ 6.364323
5 Danish @ 7.581576
6 Southwest_English @ 7.685027
7 North_Dutch @ 8.357845
8 North_German @ 9.613400
9 South_Dutch @ 11.860608
10 West_Norwegian @ 11.953095
11 Norwegian @ 12.032510
12 West_German @ 13.897905
13 Swedish @ 13.918164
14 French @ 16.154144
15 North_Swedish @ 16.554319
16 East_German @ 19.633259
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 21.919441
18 Austrian @ 23.621607
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 24.020605
20 Spanish_Galicia @ 24.835808

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Orcadian +50% West_Scottish @ 5.261994


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Orcadian +25% West_Scottish +25% West_Scottish @ 5.261994


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.261994
2 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.279428
3 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 5.305837
4 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.329926
5 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 5.334982
6 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 5.340630
7 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 5.343569
8 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English @ 5.345427
9 Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.358105
10 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 5.371750
11 Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.409092
12 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English @ 5.412513
13 Irish + Orcadian + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.464197
14 Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 5.468504
15 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 5.509154
16 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.509598
17 Orcadian + Southeast_English + Southeast_English + West_Scottish @ 5.510233
18 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 5.541789
19 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 5.549358
20 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 5.562059

[Grace O'Malley]

I have talked about Irish genetics a lot in a previous thread, but the thread itself had little to do with Ireland, I figure I should make a new thread specifically for discussion of Irish genetics.

I want to start the thread by asking people who know more than me, why are Irish so different phenotypically from people from say countries like Germany, the Netherlands, Austria etc. do not try to deny, the Irish are a different looking people.

Also, I want there to be discussion about the Basque connection in this thread, as I am really curious about that. Check these:
http://rhesusnegative.com/celts-basques.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/05/science/05cnd-brits.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/1256894.stm
http://hubpages.com/hub/Irish-Blood-Genetic-Identity


According to BBC and New York times the Irish are more closely related genetically to the Basques, than anyone else.

"Research into Irish DNA at the beginning of the twenty-first century suggests that the early inhabitants of Ireland were not directly descended from the Keltoi of central Europe. In fact, the closest genetic relatives of the Irish in Europe are to be found in the north of Spain in the region known as the Basque Country. These same ancestors are shared to an extent with the people of Britain - especially the Scottish."

Old Irish "myths" speak of a dark-skinned people who inhabited Ireland before the arrival of the Celts, perhaps these people were Iberians? The Romans described the Iberians as dark-skinned, and they also identified the Welsh that way, and even thought the Welsh were descended from Iberians because of dark skin and curly hair. Red hair gene also supposedly comes from the old Iberians.

I just want to ask, genetically what are the Irish, really? It seems like the original Irish were related to old Iberians somehow, and thus related to todays Basques, but I mean modern Irish. How much of this old Iberian blood do modern Irish have? I have Irish ancestors who are pretty dark, so I am curious why there are dark Irish people - maybe these people just have more of that old Iberian blood in them?

It would be interesting to have your opinion now after all these Gedmatch results? Have you formed any conclusions?

[Graham]

Most Brits but Especially the Irish are related to the "Iron Age celtic Briton (Hinxton4)" on the modern calculators. But on the ancient calculators, the iron Age Brit shows elevated West Hunter Gatherer which means "Northern" rather than Iberian.

Likely from from the Corded-Ware ancestry & WHG. Which explains why Irish have West Asian/Caucasus in good numbers from Cordeds (R1b)yamna ancestry.

Though only one high quality sample. Others to come.

[Jackson]

Most Brits but Especially the Irish are related to the "Iron Age celtic Briton (Hinxton4)" on the modern calculators. But on the ancient calculators, the iron Age Brit shows elevated West Hunter Gatherer which means "Northern" rather than Iberian.

Likely from from the Corded-Ware ancestry & WHG. Which explains why Irish have West Asian/Caucasus in good numbers from Cordeds (R1b)yamna ancestry.

Though only one high quality sample. Others to come.

But also Yamnaya had substantial 'north Euro' and also Cordeds had a little 'Neolithic' (Mediterranean) through admixture.

[Neon Knight]

All these Bronze Age and earlier migrations have not changed the basic rule of population genetics that relations follow the geography and it's pretty meaningless to have these kind of discussions without considering the role of genetic mutations and drift. It's no surprise that all the pops. are fundamentally related in a relatively small area like Europe and I'm more interested in explanations for the fine scale differences and connections found in PotBI and also in explanations for the phenotypal differences between Britons and their neighbours.

[Grace O'Malley]

All these Bronze Age and earlier migrations have not changed the basic rule of population genetics that relations follow the geography and it's pretty meaningless to have these kind of discussions without considering the role of genetic mutations and drift. It's no surprise that all the pops. are fundamentally related in a relatively small area like Europe and I'm more interested in explanations for the fine scale differences and connections found in PotBI and also in explanations for the phenotypal differences between Britons and their neighbours.

I don't think there has been mutations or drift. The reason why I say this is because if you look at any dna cluster map all of north-west Europe forms a fairly tight clump of countries (especially UK and Ireland) which appear to line up geographically. On the other hand look at the Basque who appear to have their own cluster and to a lesser extent Iberia? Then look again at north western Europe and they are all in one area. When looking at the PoBI the differences are very finescale and the clusters had to be teased apart. Also when you break it down all areas appeared to have very similar populations making up their cluster. From memory there was only a couple of areas that had slightly different contributions but even then it was a different French or German cluster. Also the area that was listed as Spain was actually Southern France/Northern Spain as Southern Spain wasn't sampled because they didn't expect any input from there.

DNA cluster map to illustrate what I've said previously.

http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8445/7888154404_42d9f51b92_z.jpg

[Grace O'Malley]

Here's another map that you can zoom in to have a closer look. It seems to me if there was differences (caused by drift or mutations) people such as the Irish would form a definite separate cluster like what is seen with the French Basque and Sardinians.

http://img21.imageshack.us/img21/9780/eunov011.png

[Brianna]

Did a meaningful number of SW Scottish gallowglass families settle in County Wicklow? If so, that might explain some of the genetic matches with residents of Argyll.

[Grace O'Malley]

Did a meaningful number of SW Scottish gallowglass families settle in County Wicklow? If so, that might explain some of the genetic matches with residents of Argyll.

Here's a good resource about the Gallowglass. There are maps with family names. As far as I'm aware the Gallowglass were mostly from the western highlands and the western isles.

http://www.irishorigenes.com/content/gallowglass-do-you-belong-warrior-clan

https://www.irishorigenes.com/sites/default/files/field/image/Figure%204%20(Gallowglass%20surnames).jpg

[Brianna]

Here's a good resource about the Gallowglass. There are maps with family names. As far as I'm aware the Gallowglass were mostly from the western highlands and the western isles.

http://www.irishorigenes.com/content/gallowglass-do-you-belong-warrior-clan

https://www.irishorigenes.com/sites/default/files/field/image/Figure%204%20(Gallowglass%20surnames).jpg

Thanks for posting the great map! I see eight ancestral names on it.

[Neon Knight]

I know it's all at a very fine scale level but that's the game we're playing. I have my doubts as to how real the Northwestern European cluster is - with samples from Normandy and western Poland the gaps around it might be filled in. But what I'm really getting at is the great number of DNA types in Europe which you can see on the continental map from PotBI:
http://i657.photobucket.com/albums/uu295/Alchemyst/cb3c74f3-be07-436e-b914-1288030774ad_zpsbu3kb2rk.png
There are about 150 of them and that's not including most of eastern Europe. It seems very unlikely they can all be explained in terms of ancient migrations from the Middle East and the Steppes, and that's where I think genetic drift has made differences. Watching the women's soccer match between Norway and England last night, the general differences in their appearance were quite striking.

[Grace O'Malley]

I thought it would be interesting to add a fully Dutch person's results just for comparison purposes.

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 39.10
2 European_Early_Farmers 25.63
3 Caucasian 20.86
4 South_Central_Asian 7.48
5 Ancestral_Altaic 4.95


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Dutch @ 2.167851
2 Frisian @ 3.892905
3 Irish @ 3.907949
4 English @ 4.289088
5 North_European @ 4.480996
6 Belgian @ 4.754043
7 Norwegian_East @ 4.893184
8 South_German @ 5.756229
9 Icelandic @ 5.761944
10 Dane @ 5.865921
11 North_German @ 6.051839
12 Norwegian_West @ 6.226665
13 CEU @ 6.288168
14 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 6.613516
15 Swede @ 6.902081
16 British @ 7.013034
17 English_Kent_GBR @ 7.039017
18 German-Volga @ 7.049420
19 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 7.574684
20 Welsh @ 7.718755

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Dane +50% Irish @ 1.925629


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Dutch +25% Dutch +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.335841


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Dutch + Dutch + Dutch + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.335841
2 Dutch + Dutch + Icelandic + Irish @ 1.386161
3 Dutch + Dutch + Irish + Norwegian_East @ 1.464497
4 Dane + Dutch + Irish + Irish @ 1.486639
5 Dutch + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 1.501753
6 Dutch + Dutch + Frisian + Icelandic @ 1.514111
7 British + Dutch + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.527318
8 German + Irish + Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.529006
9 CEU + Dutch + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.546538
10 Dutch + Dutch + North_German + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.547264
11 Dutch + Frisian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Swede_Saami @ 1.549330
12 Irish + Irish + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.563763
13 Dutch + Irish + Swede_Saami + Welsh @ 1.565857
14 Irish + Irish + North_European + Swede_Saami @ 1.572064
15 Dutch + Dutch + Dutch + Icelandic @ 1.585043
16 Dutch + Irish + Irish + Swede @ 1.589588
17 Frisian + Irish + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.595668
18 Dutch + Dutch + Dutch + Orcadian @ 1.608131
19 English + Irish + Irish + Swede_Saami @ 1.628341
20 Dutch + Irish + North_German + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.640681

K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 45.81
2 Baltic 25.63
3 West_Med 13.93
4 West_Asian 8.27
5 East_Med 2.14
6 South_Asian 1.92
7 Red_Sea 1.25


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_German @ 4.923114
2 North_Dutch @ 6.268648
3 Danish @ 6.421602
4 Orcadian @ 6.898032
5 South_Dutch @ 7.104421
6 Irish @ 7.196094
7 Southeast_English @ 7.319134
8 West_German @ 7.932683
9 Norwegian @ 8.037306
10 Southwest_English @ 8.078382
11 West_Scottish @ 8.418622
12 Swedish @ 8.509253
13 Austrian @ 11.503389
14 East_German @ 11.764949
15 French @ 13.749602
16 North_Swedish @ 14.093432
17 Hungarian @ 16.960688
18 Southwest_Finnish @ 22.092421
19 Spanish_Cataluna @ 22.179895
20 Croatian @ 22.610708

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Austrian +50% Irish @ 3.703439


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Irish +25% Moldavian @ 2.536247


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Irish + Irish + Moldavian @ 2.536247
2 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + West_Scottish @ 2.599511
3 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English @ 2.668729
4 Irish + Moldavian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.713356
5 Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 2.783343
6 Moldavian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.867695
7 Croatian + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 2.875846
8 Croatian + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 2.878552
9 Moldavian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 2.955430
10 Croatian + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 2.965227
11 Irish + Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian @ 2.984019
12 Croatian + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.015722
13 Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 3.050404
14 Croatian + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.095219
15 East_German + Irish + Irish + South_Dutch @ 3.118083
16 Irish + Moldavian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.146729
17 Moldavian + Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.160544
18 Irish + Moldavian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.174304
19 East_German + Irish + Irish + West_German @ 3.178066
20 Croatian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.204989

K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Sea 34.16
2 Atlantic 25.86
3 Eastern_Euro 11.54
4 Baltic 10.73
5 West_Med 9.60
6 West_Asian 5.34
7 South_Asian 1.65


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 North_German @ 5.695917
2 Danish @ 5.703926
3 Southwest_English @ 5.852343
4 North_Dutch @ 6.002433
5 Southeast_English @ 6.412122
6 South_Dutch @ 7.103043
7 Irish @ 7.335548
8 West_Scottish @ 7.389573
9 Orcadian @ 8.074703
10 Norwegian @ 8.120387
11 West_German @ 8.487344
12 Swedish @ 9.540386
13 West_Norwegian @ 9.971842
14 North_Swedish @ 11.168015
15 East_German @ 11.846213
16 French @ 12.416887
17 Southwest_Finnish @ 15.823068
18 Austrian @ 17.489454
19 Hungarian @ 17.736780
20 Finnish @ 19.319359

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% East_German +50% Orcadian @ 3.737350


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% East_German +25% Orcadian +25% Orcadian @ 3.737350


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.381867
2 Danish + East_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.429465
3 East_German + Norwegian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.553996
4 Moldavian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.575332
5 East_German + North_Dutch + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.576754
6 East_German + Orcadian + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.591397
7 East_German + Norwegian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.591554
8 East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch + West_Norwegian @ 3.606528
9 East_German + North_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 3.618669
10 Croatian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.620739
11 East_German + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.621767
12 East_German + Norwegian + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.627261
13 East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Norwegian @ 3.646570
14 North_Swedish + South_Dutch + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.671359
15 East_German + North_German + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 3.679051
16 Danish + East_German + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.693501
17 Danish + East_German + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.705398
18 East_German + North_Dutch + Orcadian + South_Dutch @ 3.730185
19 East_German + Norwegian + Southeast_English + Southwest_English @ 3.735465
20 North_Swedish + Orcadian + South_Dutch + South_Dutch @ 3.737051

[Graham]

I have a couple of Shetlanders, for anyone interested in the more Viking Influenced in the Isles in comparison to the Irish.
http://s17.postimg.org/5sx1bpwzz/shet.jpg
http://s17.postimg.org/688b4qixb/shet1.jpg
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://s17.postimg.org/ill5bn8lr/shet2.jpg
http://s17.postimg.org/dx55ggjf3/shet3.jpg

[Grace O'Malley]

This person is from Co. Clare.

http://www.burrencove.com/images/ireland-map2.gif

K23b

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 European_Hunters_Gatherers 37.60
2 European_Early_Farmers 29.62
3 Caucasian 15.90
4 South_Central_Asian 8.98
5 Ancestral_Altaic 5.29


Finished reading population data. 620 populations found.
23 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.608621
2 Orcadian @ 2.635635
3 CEU @ 4.142742
4 British @ 4.448830
5 Welsh @ 4.869956
6 North_European @ 5.166975
7 English_Cornwall_GBR @ 5.526742
8 Irish @ 5.560146
9 Icelandic @ 5.665947
10 English @ 5.794205
11 English_Kent_GBR @ 6.280238
12 Norwegian_West @ 6.832584
13 Frisian @ 7.129538
14 Belgian @ 7.741580
15 Norwegian_East @ 8.113729
16 Dutch @ 8.548894
17 South_German @ 10.676671
18 Dane @ 10.894580
19 Swede @ 11.072256
20 German-Volga @ 11.428662

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.608621


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR +25% Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.608621


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.608621
2 Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 1.807415
3 Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.044565
4 Icelandic + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.056195
5 CEU + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.163027
6 Icelandic + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.181516
7 Irish + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.203804
8 Irish + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.209995
9 British + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.247052
10 North_European + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.264898
11 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.289358
12 Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 2.296493
13 CEU + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.315100
14 Icelandic + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.327668
15 Icelandic + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Welsh @ 2.328989
16 Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.338327
17 North_European + Orcadian + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.364207
18 English + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.401282
19 Irish + Orcadian + Orcadian + Orcadian @ 2.426255
20 English_Cornwall_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR + Scottish_Argyll_Bute_GBR @ 2.441699

Eurogenes K13

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 North_Atlantic 53.55
2 Baltic 21.00
3 West_Med 13.78
4 West_Asian 7.46
5 South_Asian 1.89


Finished reading population data. 204 populations found.
13 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 West_Scottish @ 4.022615
2 Irish @ 4.210718
3 Southwest_English @ 4.596782
4 Orcadian @ 5.761760
5 Southeast_English @ 7.153583
6 North_Dutch @ 7.853012
7 Danish @ 8.457731
8 Norwegian @ 9.411688
9 North_German @ 10.586303
10 South_Dutch @ 12.024341
11 Swedish @ 12.560256
12 West_German @ 13.647408
13 French @ 16.855646
14 North_Swedish @ 19.732794
15 Austrian @ 20.417089
16 East_German @ 20.792795
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 23.770580
18 Southwest_French @ 24.118473
19 Spanish_Cantabria @ 24.722752
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 24.937925

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Southwest_English +50% West_Scottish @ 3.921718


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +25% Southwest_English +25% West_Scottish @ 3.896171


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.861506
2 Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.866795
3 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.896171
4 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 3.916146
5 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 3.921718
6 Irish + Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 3.943144
7 Irish + Irish + Irish + Southwest_English @ 3.963592
8 Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.019545
9 West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.022615
10 Irish + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.046933
11 Irish + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.117518
12 Irish + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.168507
13 Southwest_English + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.177781
14 Irish + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 4.210718
15 Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.279713
16 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.304043
17 Irish + Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English @ 4.348507
18 Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English + West_Scottish @ 4.374208
19 Irish + Orcadian + Southwest_English + Southwest_English @ 4.381635
20 Orcadian + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.382413

Eurogenes K15

Admix Results (sorted):

# Population Percent
1 Atlantic 34.94
2 North_Sea 31.90
3 Baltic 9.85
4 West_Med 8.48
5 Eastern_Euro 8.38
6 West_Asian 4.09
7 South_Asian 1.46


Finished reading population data. 207 populations found.
15 components mode.

--------------------------------

Least-squares method.

Using 1 population approximation:
1 Irish @ 6.795004
2 Southeast_English @ 6.861788
3 West_Scottish @ 7.564810
4 Southwest_English @ 7.707890
5 North_German @ 9.314643
6 Danish @ 9.652011
7 Orcadian @ 9.960759
8 South_Dutch @ 10.066355
9 North_Dutch @ 10.416437
10 French @ 14.259816
11 Norwegian @ 14.967878
12 West_German @ 15.049388
13 West_Norwegian @ 15.760777
14 Swedish @ 16.202126
15 East_German @ 17.576481
16 North_Swedish @ 18.317375
17 Spanish_Cataluna @ 20.226503
18 Austrian @ 20.503696
19 Southwest_Finnish @ 20.970993
20 Spanish_Castilla_Y_Leon @ 21.384266

Using 2 populations approximation:
1 50% Irish +50% Southeast_English @ 6.672932


Using 3 populations approximation:
1 50% Danish +25% French_Basque +25% West_Scottish @ 4.197487


Using 4 populations approximation:
1 Danish + French_Basque + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.054193
2 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.071798
3 French_Basque + North_German + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.089754
4 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + Irish @ 4.123115
5 French_Basque + West_Scottish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.131678
6 French_Basque + Irish + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.152865
7 French_Basque + Irish + North_German + West_Scottish @ 4.197481
8 Danish + Danish + French_Basque + West_Scottish @ 4.197487
9 French_Basque + Irish + Irish + West_Scottish @ 4.206930
10 Danish + Danish + French_Basque + Irish @ 4.211479
11 French_Basque + North_German + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 4.221558
12 French_Basque + North_Dutch + West_Scottish + West_Scottish @ 4.286119
13 French_Basque + Irish + North_German + Orcadian @ 4.286450
14 French_Basque + Irish + Irish + Irish @ 4.300716
15 Danish + French_Basque + North_German + West_Scottish @ 4.302416
16 Danish + French_Basque + Irish + Orcadian @ 4.302805
17 French_Basque + Irish + North_Dutch + West_Scottish @ 4.309122
18 Danish + French_Basque + Orcadian + West_Scottish @ 4.328113
19 French_Basque + Irish + Irish + North_German @ 4.335797
20 French_Basque + Irish + Irish + North_Dutch @ 4.378938

[Grace O'Malley]

Some interesting information has been released on the Irish DNA Atlas. Thanks goes to Heber on Anthrogenica for this information.

17.00 - The Irish DNA Atlas Project – update 23rd Oct 2016
(Edmund Gilbert, RCSI, IRL)
Subject: Autosomal DNA
Ed returns to give us an update on this milestone project for Irish genealogy. Over 200 people have been recruited, each with 8 great grandparents from the same geographic area (c.50km radius). This gives us a snapshot of Irish autosomal DNA from about 1850, prior to the major emigration of later years. Already the project has identified distinct genetic groups within the Irish population, many of them quite clearly geographically defined. But what else have they recently discovered?

Ireland clusters with
Scotland
Wales
NW France

Low Genetic Diversity
No recent large scale turnover

Bronze Age represent modern Irish DNA
Not Neolithic. Population replacement.

North South divide
230 samples collected
194 sequenced to date
One in ten samples accepted
Compared with POBI samples
fineStructure used
Very high computational resources

North/South/East Cluster
Planter Cluster
Nine regional clusters
Correspond to historic territories

GlobeTrotter Analysis (Migrations)
High Matches Ireland, Scotland, Wales, NW France - Historic Celtic countries
Low Matches Germany - Historic Anglo Saxon
Trace of Norwegian - Historic Viking Migration

Start Publication Process end 2016 start 2017

Really looking forward to when this is published. They are also studying Traveller dna.

Irish Travellers DNA
22K Travellers in Ireland
0.6% population
50 Samples collected

Group A Mixed Traveller/Settled
Group B Traveller Drifted/Isolated

Rathkeale (Town) Cluster
Cant (Language) Cluster
Gammon (Language) Cluster

[Grace O'Malley]

I've got to say going back over this thread we haven't done too badly at putting the genetics side of things together. The Irish do appear to get most of their genetics from the Bronze Age and it is interesting that the wording from the Irish DNA Atlas presentation is Bronze Age represent modern Irish DNA. Not Neolithic. Population replacement. I'm not surprised about this as this was basically what the Rathlin paper said.

http://www.pnas.org/content/113/2/368.full.pdf

I'm intrigued about North France (but not too surprised) and also the trace of Norwegian as from everything I've read I've always assumed that Viking imprint was non existent in Ireland. Anyway I'm happy to hear it shouldn't be too long until publication.

[Daco Celtic]

I have no idea where to post this but this is a cool, old school documentary on the history and tradition of horses in Ireland


https://youtu.be/nzuPKpEbzzU

[Bellbeaking]

I have no idea where to post this but this is a cool, old school documentary on the history and tradition of horses in Ireland


http.be/nzuPKpEbzzU

post it on your facebook

[Daco Celtic]

post it on your facebook

It needs to be seen by all. I'm a sucker for a 1970s era documentary.

[Daco Celtic]

100% Irish on DNA test. He mentions it at the 6:15 mark.


https://youtu.be/1ayIJed2dn4

[Peterski]

What do you think about this Y-DNA data (according to this data, there is a lot of "Iberian" R1b-DF27 in Ireland)?:

https://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?291483-R1b-P312-subclades-in-Ireland&p=6072367#post6072367