Are Europeans mutating differently?

[Peterski]

Razib Khan posted this long time ago, but apparently it went largely unnoticed:

http://www.unz.com/gnxp/europeans-mutate-differently/

http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/02/05/010314

http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/02/05/010314.full.pdf

[johen]

Razib Khan posted this long time ago, but apparently it went largely unnoticed:

http://www.unz.com/gnxp/europeans-mutate-differently/

http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/02/05/010314

http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/02/05/010314.full.pdf


But there’s a final element to be explored. Why is there in enrichment in the first place? It turns out that this sort of mutation is very common in melanomas. In particular of interest to me: “Folate deficiency is known to cause DNA damage including uracil
misincorporation and double-strand breaks, leading in some cases to birth defects and reduced male fertility.” Folate deficiency can occur when light skinned individuals are exposed to sunlight.
It strikes me that the higher mutational load for these particular transitions in Southern Europeans as opposed to Northern Europeans could simply be a function of the fact that they are in sunnier climates. We know that Europeans have become much lighter skinned very recently, so the range of mutations we are seeing may be due to very recent factors. No one knows concretely why Europeans became very light skinned very recently, but these mutations may simply be a side effect of this phenotypic change, which was driven by powerful selective forces.

So, is sunlight good to modern European or not?

[Grab the Gauge]

I find it difficult to accept Razib's positing that Southern Europeans have a higher mutational load because they live slightly below the 50° parallel. Northern Europeans are notoriously big on sunbathing and also for using tanning beds, which cause even more mutational "damage" than natural sunlight. All this shows me is that Southern Europeans simply have a higher genetic load and that their skin is not as resistant to UV radiation as Northern Europeans.

[Peterski]

Grabby,

Do you agree with Razib Khan that, due to these different mutational patterns, Europeans are slowly diverging into another species? Could it be that Whites are slowly evolving into Homo Post-Sapiens?:


(...) The above figure is from a preprint, Recent evolution of the mutation rate and spectrum in Europeans, which reports very peculiar results from the 1000 Genomes data. I actually got a preview of the topline finding about a year and a half ago at a Bay Area Population Genomics meeting, but many of the details are new to me. As noted in the abstract the “private European variation is enriched for the transition 5’-TCC-3’→5’-TTC-3’.” The implication here is that different populations mutate differently. The preprint puts this in the broader context of the fact that for a while now there have been conflicts between different rates of mutation inferred from pedigree and whole genome sequencing, and phylogenetic models of divergence of species. At this point the technical details need not concern. Rather, let’s just add that the recent ancient Siberian genome paper confirmed this discrepancy, and strongly supports the contention within this preprint that the mutational rates across the ape lineages are likely to have varied, questioning the validity of an invariant molecular clock. (...)

This paper also noted that European hunters were mutants, who developed a lot of adaptive mutations:

http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160318/ncomms10775/full/ncomms10775.html


"Adaptive alleles - especially those associated with pigmentation - are mostly of hunter-gatherer origin"

Could it be that Europeans evolved differently compared to Sub-Saharans due to different mutation rates?

[Peterski]

So, is sunlight good to modern European or not?

It is not good to Europeans. They (especially the British) are evolving into a race of humanoid moles adapted to life with no sunlight. After WW3, whites will go underground and will be slaying remnants of blacks etc.

London in year 802701 AD:


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KGv86GLvXo

[Peterski]

I opened a separate thread to find out from whom will Morlocks evolve:

http://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?200265-Classify-Morlocks&p=4175696&viewfull=1#post4175696

[Grab the Gauge]

Grabby,

Do you agree with Razib Khan that, due to these different mutational patterns, Europeans are slowly diverging into another species? Could it be that Whites are slowly evolving into Homo Post-Sapiens?:



This paper also noted that European hunters were mutants, who developed a lot of adaptive mutations:

http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160318/ncomms10775/full/ncomms10775.html



Could it be that Europeans evolved differently compared to Sub-Saharans due to different mutation rates?

I must say I agree with you about this and it's an interesting theory I've though about for a long time. The European mutation rate exploded in the stone age and is on a trajectory towards speciation, probably towards your humanoid mole hypothesis. However there will eventually come a time when we have to leave this planet and this galaxy.

[Grab the Gauge]

It is not good to Europeans. They (especially the British) are evolving into a race of humanoid moles adapted to life with no sunlight. After WW3, whites will go underground and will be slaying remnants of blacks etc.

London in year 802701 AD:


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KGv86GLvXo

This may already have happened.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F677g88kw8Y



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUElt2LzUbk


There are many stories of imps, gnomes, rumpelstiltskins, etc..