RN97
12-11-2017, 04:35 PM
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4025516/
As previously described, a data set consisting of high-resolution standardized digital images of the left side of the faces of 2,895 women of five racial groups was analyzed. The women were recruited from the general population in four different cities—Los Angeles, USA; London, England; Rome, Italy; and Akita, Japan. A worldwide sample was obtained in order to maximize the recruitment of different ethnic groups. In Los Angeles, participants were recruited from a shopping mall in an ethnically diverse neighborhood. In the other three cities, subjects were recruited through advertising. The study was conducted from November to February to minimize the effect of tanning. This study was reviewed and approved by the Partners Institutional Review Board. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Racial group, ethnicity, and age were determined by subject self-report. Mean age did not differ significantly between the ethnic groups studied. Scoring of the upper lip was done according to the method of Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG scoring)4; a grade of 0 indicated no hair; 1, a few hairs at the outer margin; 2, a small moustache at the outer edge of the lip; 3, a moustache extending halfway from the outer margin of the lip; and 4, a moustache extending to the midline of the lip (Table 1). The Chromameter CR200 (Konica Minolta, Ramsey, New Jersey) was used to measure color (L*a*b*) of skin on the cheek, forehead, and upper inner arm. A single judge graded the images blinded to all patient data other than subject number. The data was analyzed using chi square (x), t Test (t), analysis of variance-ANOVA (f), and logistic regression.
https://i.imgur.com/oFvIHvt.png
Results
There were significant racial differences in hair growth and color of the upper lip, with Indian women having more hair growth than any other race (all p<0.01) and Caucasian women having less than any other race (all p<0.009) ( Figure 1). When analyzed by ethnicity, Japanese women had significantly less hair growth than East Asian American women (x=41, p<0.001), and Caucasian Italian women had significantly more hair growth than Caucasian British or American women (x=35, 21, p<0.0001, respectively). Hair growth of the upper lip was related to skin lightness (L*-value). Those with hair growth had darker skin of the forehead (t=7.6, p=0.0000), cheek (t=4.9, p<0.00001), and inner arm (t=3.1, p=0.002). In a logistic regression with racial groups and skin lightness, all racial groupings (African American, Hispanic, Asian Indian, and East Asian) were predictive of hair growth (all p<0.0001), but skin lightness was not (all p>0.05).
https://i.imgur.com/c3eN4l8.png
As previously described, a data set consisting of high-resolution standardized digital images of the left side of the faces of 2,895 women of five racial groups was analyzed. The women were recruited from the general population in four different cities—Los Angeles, USA; London, England; Rome, Italy; and Akita, Japan. A worldwide sample was obtained in order to maximize the recruitment of different ethnic groups. In Los Angeles, participants were recruited from a shopping mall in an ethnically diverse neighborhood. In the other three cities, subjects were recruited through advertising. The study was conducted from November to February to minimize the effect of tanning. This study was reviewed and approved by the Partners Institutional Review Board. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Racial group, ethnicity, and age were determined by subject self-report. Mean age did not differ significantly between the ethnic groups studied. Scoring of the upper lip was done according to the method of Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG scoring)4; a grade of 0 indicated no hair; 1, a few hairs at the outer margin; 2, a small moustache at the outer edge of the lip; 3, a moustache extending halfway from the outer margin of the lip; and 4, a moustache extending to the midline of the lip (Table 1). The Chromameter CR200 (Konica Minolta, Ramsey, New Jersey) was used to measure color (L*a*b*) of skin on the cheek, forehead, and upper inner arm. A single judge graded the images blinded to all patient data other than subject number. The data was analyzed using chi square (x), t Test (t), analysis of variance-ANOVA (f), and logistic regression.
https://i.imgur.com/oFvIHvt.png
Results
There were significant racial differences in hair growth and color of the upper lip, with Indian women having more hair growth than any other race (all p<0.01) and Caucasian women having less than any other race (all p<0.009) ( Figure 1). When analyzed by ethnicity, Japanese women had significantly less hair growth than East Asian American women (x=41, p<0.001), and Caucasian Italian women had significantly more hair growth than Caucasian British or American women (x=35, 21, p<0.0001, respectively). Hair growth of the upper lip was related to skin lightness (L*-value). Those with hair growth had darker skin of the forehead (t=7.6, p=0.0000), cheek (t=4.9, p<0.00001), and inner arm (t=3.1, p=0.002). In a logistic regression with racial groups and skin lightness, all racial groupings (African American, Hispanic, Asian Indian, and East Asian) were predictive of hair growth (all p<0.0001), but skin lightness was not (all p>0.05).
https://i.imgur.com/c3eN4l8.png