H1 & H3 in Western Europe and Northwestern Africa.

[Iẓeḍwan n Nanna-Tuda]

H is, by far, the most common mtDNA haplogroups in Western Europe and Northwestern Africa. The main clades found in both areas are H1 and H3 :

https://scontent-mxp1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/29243726_10211365741603613_6328459668695810048_n.p ng?_nc_ad=z-m&_nc_cid=0&oh=d5f13fae31bea68273a803b208326472&oe=5B01FE05

It seems that it has arrived from Iberia to North Africa after the Late Glacial period, about 9000 years ago although some studies even propose an earlier arrival (11.000 years ago), which appears to be more logical as H has already been found in the archaeological sites of Tafoughalt (23000-10800 YBP) and Afalou (15100 - 10000). http://forwhattheywereweare.blogspot.com/2017/01/iberomaurusian-ancient-mtdna.html

https://scontent-mxp1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/p280x280/29243781_10211365435115951_4365259095838556160_o.p ng?_nc_ad=z-m&_nc_cid=0&oh=fb7edd7c6e4a66d18eb00d4ee71ba3cf&oe=5B4985E0

https://scontent-mxp1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/29243958_10211365558599038_206482335166627840_n.pn g?_nc_ad=z-m&_nc_cid=0&oh=1263c00fe81934c59d109a5393f8200c&oe=5B4C42EE

https://scontent-mxp1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/29249244_10211365717683015_8162258065245077504_n.p ng?_nc_ad=z-m&_nc_cid=0&oh=4f8ede11ddba9590b0a8405bf6545edd&oe=5B3C633E

https://scontent-mxp1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/29244631_10211365728123276_3909179701247082496_n.p ng?_nc_ad=z-m&_nc_cid=0&oh=94542799a565d737812dbf79d7b6f610&oe=5B345AF5

What do you think about it ? Do you have any other studies ?

[CordedWhelp]

I am not an "H", but I have been lately thinking more again about it's potential distributors in Europe. It's a fascinating topic, as it is the most common haplo letter in Europe and is still Somewhat mysterious. There are some rumblings online that it could have been introduced from the Caucasus during the eNeolithic from a population(s) with a CHG autosomal component. I'm not sure about that, but may keep an open mind. It traditionally gets grouped into a catch all "Neolithic group"- but it's always been plain to me it is not Neolithic, or at least part of the mainline Neolithic or the Anatolian Farmers (although they of course did have some H.). I am ofcourse referring more to the mystery of the more common clade of H in Europe, H1 and H3.