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Peterski
08-11-2018, 04:12 PM
It seems that the West has culturally appropriated them.

Stefan Czarniecki (1599 - 1665) and a modern hipster:

https://ocdn.eu/pulscms-transforms/1/b4EktkpTURBXy8yZmEyOWE4Mzc0ZjFmYTg5OGI1NjM5ODZhOTA 0MjUyNC5qcGeSlQMAAM0DIM0BwpMFzQMUzQG8

Source: https://facet.onet.pl/styl/drwaloseksualni-sarmaci-lupili-europe-w-zoltych-kozaczkach/981jt89

Some of the most popular Polish haircuts from the 1600s, according to historian Radosław Sikora:

Type I:

- short or medium length beard
- moustache
- no undercut, slick-backed hair

Example 1, Stanisław Żółkiewski (died in 1620):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj8jpg_wphpspq.jpg

Example 2, Konstanty Korniakt (died 1603):

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/zdj3.jpg

Example 3, Mikołaj Działyński (died 1604):

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/zdj5.jpg

Type Ia:

- rather short beard
- moustache
- no undercut, no slick-backed hair but free settling hair

Example 1, Nikodem Kossakowski (died 1609):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj9jpg_wphpshr.jpg

Type Ib - like type I but no beard

Type II:

- no beard
- moustache
- everything buzzed except for one strand

Example, Jan Żółkiewski (died 1623):

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/zdj13.jpg

Type III:

- medium or long beard
- moustache
- sides and back short but not buzzed, top above the forehead long and curled

Example 1, Jakub Grodzicki (died 1609):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj16jpg_wphpsxe.jpg

Example 2, Andrzej Kos (died 1618):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj17jpg_wphpsnp.jpg

Example 3, Jerzy Ossoliński (1595-1650):

http://178.216.200.246/image.php/26293/jerzy_ossolinski_bn.jpg

Example 4, Piotr Opaliński (died 1624):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj19jpg_wphpsns.jpg

Type IIIa:

- medium or long beard
- moustache
- sides and back buzzed, the rest like in Type III

Example, Aleksander Koryciński (died 1649):

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/zdj20-728x494.jpg

Type IIIb:

Like Type III but with no beard.

Example 1, Jan Zamojski:

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/zdj21jpg_wphpsep.jpg

Example 2, Mikołaj Sieniawski:

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/zdj22.jpg

Type IV:

- beard
- moustache
- buzzed head except for one strand

Examples:

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/skladanka3.jpg

Type V (rare):

Example, Łukasz Bobolicki (died in 1622):

http://s3.ifotos.pl/img/zdj27jpg_wphpsws.jpg

Type VI (late 1600s):

Example, Michał Kazimierz Pac (portrait from 1694):

http://s5.ifotos.pl/img/Zdj2jpg_wphpwas.jpg

=====

Source: Radosław Sikora, "Sarmackie Fryzury Pierwszych Dekad XVII Wieku":

Radosław Sikora:

https://kresy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/086de2d22802d1e50b175dba1d5c0dcd..jpg

Papa
08-11-2018, 04:32 PM
Types "II" and "VI" strike me as Cossack looking.

Peterski
08-11-2018, 04:33 PM
Types "II" and "VI" strike me as Cossack looking.

Fashion was similar across the whole Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Papa
08-11-2018, 04:37 PM
Fashion was similar across the whole Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.


I think this fashion in particular (shaved heads and prominent moustaches) is more "Turkish" than the others.

Don't know how they got it exactly, but it always makes me think of the Janissaries.

Papa
08-11-2018, 04:53 PM
Cossacks were not "Turkish", they were Slavic (Ruthenian and Polish) - descended mostly from peasants who left their farms to live more freely in the Wild Fields (Dzikie Pola) - the Forest-Steppe and Steppe zones of Ukraine. But these hairstyles were influenced by Oriental cultures and Turkic cultures (mainly Tatars).


Well, their hairstyle was clearly the one of warriors. Shaved heads are more practical. Moustaches and tails are here to give, nonetheless, a little aesthetical touche.

Thanks for posting.

Peterski
08-11-2018, 04:57 PM
Well, their hairstyle was clearly the one of warriors.

Because Cossacks were mainly warriors and pirates.

Maritime piracy was one of main activities and ways of making a living for Cossacks. It is little known in the West, but they raided the entire Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Their bases were at the Dnieper River and they sailed along the river into the Black Sea, and then raided various coastal towns.

There were also "Registered Cossacks" who were basically part of the Polish Army, but they were more like militia or paramilitary units. They were paid for defending borders, but paid less than regular soldiers. Most of Cossack Uprisings were caused by changes in the "Register" (Poland wanted to cut expenses and reduce the number of registered Cossacks, while Cossacks wanted to increae it and get more money).

They were troublesome because whenever Poland signed a peace treaty with Turkey, Cossacks did not respect that treaty at all, and continued their plundering raids against Turkish cities. Cossacks wanted Poland to be at war, because wars against Turks and Tatars was their main source of income.

Cossacks also wanted to get the same rights and privileges as Nobles (Szlachta):

Watch the first 30 seconds: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mD6UkzJs9h0

Papa
08-11-2018, 05:14 PM
The Janissaries had similar haircuts?


Apparently they did : "The Janissaries shaved their heads except for a scalp-lock and were usually clean-shaven but for a large moustache, unlike the often bearded Turks."



They were warriors and pirates.

Maritime piracy was one of main activities and sources of making a living for Cossacks. It is little known in the West, but they raided the entire Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Their bases were along the Dnieper River and their sailed along the river into the Black Sea and then raided various coastal towns.

There were also "Registered Cossacks" who were basically part of the Polish Army, but they were more like militia or paramilitary units. They were paid for defending borders, but less than regular soldiers. Most of Cossack Uprisings were caused by changes in the "Register" (Poland wanted to cut expenses and reduce the number of registered Cossacks, while Cossacks wanted to increae it and get more money).

Cossacks were also troublesome because Poland was signing Peace Treaties with Turkey, but Cossacks did not respect those agreements and continued their pirate raids against Turkish cities.


Yes, there was also the famous Cossack named Stenka Razin, who did practice naval attacks.

Here's one painting showing him navigating on the Caspian Sea :

http://img.over-blog-kiwi.com/0/56/04/21/201306/ob_da9392cacc3d3581ceb917e67d187e15_surikov1906-jpg.jpeg

All that reminds me also of the "Gusars" from the Medieval Balkans, who did also a lot of piracy on the Adriatic. Besides, it is speculated that they later gave the famous "Hussars".

Papa
08-11-2018, 05:31 PM
Maritime piracy was one of main activities and ways of making a living for Cossacks. It is little known in the West, but they raided the entire Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Their bases were at the Dnieper River and they sailed along the river into the Black Sea, and then raided various coastal towns.


Heh, but they are mainly remembered as some sort of Sioux.


https://www.jaime-lukraine.fr/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/PA.jpg


Thanks for your very informative post, BTW.

Peterski
08-11-2018, 05:34 PM
Heh, but they are mainly remembered as some sort of Sioux.

Cossack cavalry wasn't even good in the 1600s. They were mostly infantry at that time. Cossacks from the 1800s and 1900s are very different from those in the 1500s and 1600s.

But for example Dragoons also evolved from being mobile infantry (fought as infantry but moved to battle on horseback), to being regular cavalry. So it is not an isolated case.

Papa
08-11-2018, 05:47 PM
Cossack cavalry wasn't even good in the 1600s. They were mostly infantry at that time. Cossacks from the 1800s and 1900s are very different from those in the 1500s and 1600s.

But for example Dragoons also evolved from being mobile infantry (fought as infantry but moved to battle on horseback), to being regular cavalry. So it is not an isolated case.


Also, cavalry wasn't even a sign of prestige here, because of the vast plains they had to patrol and fight on, thus naturally evolving into a mostly cavalry force.

This is especially true for the Russian Cossacks, who did conquer most of todays Russia after all.

Anthony PV
08-11-2018, 05:53 PM
Cossack cavalry wasn't even good in the 1600s. They were mostly infantry at that time. Cossacks from the 1800s and 1900s are very different from those in the 1500s and 1600s. But for example Dragoons also evolved from being mobile infantry (fought as infantry but moved to battle on horseback), to being regular cavalry. So it is not an isolated case.
Apparently, Cossacks went from being runaway peasants fighting with farming tools and sheltered behind wagons deployed as a fort to irregular cavalry fighting mainly with a lance. Charles François Philibert Masson (1762-1807), a Frenchman who served as a dragoon officer in the Russian court of Catherine the Great and Paul I, dismissed them as being little more useful than raiders and plunderers while Antoine Fortuné de Brack (1789-1850), another Frenchman who served as an officer in the Red Lancers unit during the Napoleonic Wars, described them as the 'best light cavalry in Europe'. Even better than Poles. :p