Albion
04-28-2011, 07:26 PM
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Bjarmaland%2CCarta_Marina.jpg/300px-Bjarmaland%2CCarta_Marina.jpg
Bjarmaland (also spelled Bjarmland and Bjarmia) was a territory mentioned in Norse sagas up to the Viking Age and - beyond - in geographical accounts until the 16th century. The term is usually seen to have referred to the southern shores of the White Sea and the basin of the Northern Dvina River (Vienanjoki in Finnish) and - presumably - some of the surrounding areas. Today, these territories comprise a part of the Arkhangelsk Oblast of Russia.
In the account of the Viking adventurer Ottar who visited Bjarmaland in the end of the 9th century AD, the term "Beorm" is used for the people of Bjarmaland. According to the account, "Beormas" spoke a language related to that of the Sami people, and lived in an area of the White Sea region.
Accordingly, many historians assume the terms beorm and bjarm to derive from the Uralic word perm, which refers to "travelling merchants" and represents the Old Permic culture.[2] However, some linguists consider this theory to be speculative.[3]
The recent research on the Uralic substrate in northern Russian dialects suggests that several other Uralic groups besides the Permians lived in Bjarmaland, assumed to have included the Viena Karelians, Sami and Kvens.
Based on medieval sources, Bjarmaland's closest neighbor in the west was Kvenland. According to some medieval accounts and maps, Kvenland included also the Kola Peninsula north from Bjarmaland, as stated e.g. in the late 1150s' AD Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan in which the Icelandic Abbot Níkulás Bergsson writes that north from Värmland there are "two Kvenlands (Kvenlönd), which extend to north of Bjarmia (Bjarmalandi)".
Bjarmian trade reached south-east to Bulgar by the Volga River where the Bjarmians also interacted with Scandinavians and Fennoscandians, who adventured southbound from the Baltic Sea area.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ottars_reise.jpg/707px-Ottars_reise.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Bajarmaland.jpg/800px-Bajarmaland.jpg
Source... (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bjarmaland)
Its a shame the Bjarmians didn't survive. I suppose they were probably related to the Nenets and Komi.
Bjarmaland (also spelled Bjarmland and Bjarmia) was a territory mentioned in Norse sagas up to the Viking Age and - beyond - in geographical accounts until the 16th century. The term is usually seen to have referred to the southern shores of the White Sea and the basin of the Northern Dvina River (Vienanjoki in Finnish) and - presumably - some of the surrounding areas. Today, these territories comprise a part of the Arkhangelsk Oblast of Russia.
In the account of the Viking adventurer Ottar who visited Bjarmaland in the end of the 9th century AD, the term "Beorm" is used for the people of Bjarmaland. According to the account, "Beormas" spoke a language related to that of the Sami people, and lived in an area of the White Sea region.
Accordingly, many historians assume the terms beorm and bjarm to derive from the Uralic word perm, which refers to "travelling merchants" and represents the Old Permic culture.[2] However, some linguists consider this theory to be speculative.[3]
The recent research on the Uralic substrate in northern Russian dialects suggests that several other Uralic groups besides the Permians lived in Bjarmaland, assumed to have included the Viena Karelians, Sami and Kvens.
Based on medieval sources, Bjarmaland's closest neighbor in the west was Kvenland. According to some medieval accounts and maps, Kvenland included also the Kola Peninsula north from Bjarmaland, as stated e.g. in the late 1150s' AD Leiðarvísir og borgarskipan in which the Icelandic Abbot Níkulás Bergsson writes that north from Värmland there are "two Kvenlands (Kvenlönd), which extend to north of Bjarmia (Bjarmalandi)".
Bjarmian trade reached south-east to Bulgar by the Volga River where the Bjarmians also interacted with Scandinavians and Fennoscandians, who adventured southbound from the Baltic Sea area.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ottars_reise.jpg/707px-Ottars_reise.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Bajarmaland.jpg/800px-Bajarmaland.jpg
Source... (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bjarmaland)
Its a shame the Bjarmians didn't survive. I suppose they were probably related to the Nenets and Komi.