Shubotai
05-06-2020, 06:50 PM
The largest frequency of E-V13 in Greece today is observed in northwest Peloponnese and southeast Thessaly.
These two places have preserved the name Achaea, specifically Achaea and Achaea Phthiotis (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Ancient_Regions_Central_Greece.png).
The Achaeans (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaeans) were one of the early subdivisions of Hellenic peoples, sometimes counted alongside Dorians, Ionians and Aeolians who came from the main R1b bulk of proto-Macedonians, who were still at the Pindus region. Let's not forget that the name Achaeans has also served as a common name for all Hellenic peoples in ancient times, among other alternatives. 98371
The majority of early Achaeans were still at the valley of Acheloos river (https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-al0OFEgb98g/T80On1rna1I/AAAAAAAAAak/-Zo7zqQPfxI/s1600/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB+%CE%91%CF%81% CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%81.jpg) before they crossed over to Peloponnese, while a part of them settled in big numbers in Thessaly.
So E-V13 must have come from the north and not with ships from the Mediterranean or the Aegean at this phase.
E-V13 has a very low frequency in Libya and Egypt and it could be from Greek colonists or Macedonian soldiers.
On the other side, E-M123 in northeast Africa is numerous and has also minor presence in Peloponnese, Central Greece, Crete and the Aegean islands. These must be the descendants of the soldiers of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt) who was summoned by the Ottoman Empire to suppress the greek rebellion and wreaked havoc with his operations in Peloponnese and Central Greece. He had also lordship over the islands of Crete and Thasos. E-M123 is more frequent in Kurdish people and some of its presence in eastern Aegean and Thrace could be explained by slow Kurdish flow.
They run the Mycenaean state (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Mycenaean_World_en.png) together with Aeolians and Ionians who migrated earlier than the Dorians.
At that time, the island of Crete was inhabited by Minoans, a J2a people with Anatolian ties, who had many naval capabilities and their own state, but gradually tightened their relationships with Achaeans and the Mycenaean world.
The Hittite world often referred to that nation as Ahhijawa in their text documents, therefore their role must have been prominent in that state.
The Mycenaean state was destroyed by the Dorian invasions who carried R1b and created numerous city-states of their own, including some on former settlements.
The majority of Achaean settlements in south Italy was in Calabria (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Magna_Graecia_ancient_colonies_and_dialects-en.svg/1200px-Magna_Graecia_ancient_colonies_and_dialects-en.svg.png), but not restricted there.
Later on, they founded the Achaean league in order to defeat the Spartans, but suffered heavy losses. After a Macedonian intervention, Sparta surrendered.
The league was later dissolved by the Romans after a quick war.
Achaeans in Achaea, northwest Peloponnese, adopted a form of Doric from a western tribe that conquered them but we don't know its original name because it took the name of the Achaeans.
Achaeans in Achaea Phthiotis adopted a form of Aeolic, not surprisingly since Thessaly was inhabited entirely by Aeolic tribes before the invasion of Thessalians, a western doric-like tribe.
So the Achaeans must have lost their original language, which should have probably been Afroasiatic. A part of the vocabulary though, including the greek alphabet itself must be its remnants.
These two places have preserved the name Achaea, specifically Achaea and Achaea Phthiotis (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Ancient_Regions_Central_Greece.png).
The Achaeans (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaeans) were one of the early subdivisions of Hellenic peoples, sometimes counted alongside Dorians, Ionians and Aeolians who came from the main R1b bulk of proto-Macedonians, who were still at the Pindus region. Let's not forget that the name Achaeans has also served as a common name for all Hellenic peoples in ancient times, among other alternatives. 98371
The majority of early Achaeans were still at the valley of Acheloos river (https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-al0OFEgb98g/T80On1rna1I/AAAAAAAAAak/-Zo7zqQPfxI/s1600/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB+%CE%91%CF%81% CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%81.jpg) before they crossed over to Peloponnese, while a part of them settled in big numbers in Thessaly.
So E-V13 must have come from the north and not with ships from the Mediterranean or the Aegean at this phase.
E-V13 has a very low frequency in Libya and Egypt and it could be from Greek colonists or Macedonian soldiers.
On the other side, E-M123 in northeast Africa is numerous and has also minor presence in Peloponnese, Central Greece, Crete and the Aegean islands. These must be the descendants of the soldiers of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt) who was summoned by the Ottoman Empire to suppress the greek rebellion and wreaked havoc with his operations in Peloponnese and Central Greece. He had also lordship over the islands of Crete and Thasos. E-M123 is more frequent in Kurdish people and some of its presence in eastern Aegean and Thrace could be explained by slow Kurdish flow.
They run the Mycenaean state (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Mycenaean_World_en.png) together with Aeolians and Ionians who migrated earlier than the Dorians.
At that time, the island of Crete was inhabited by Minoans, a J2a people with Anatolian ties, who had many naval capabilities and their own state, but gradually tightened their relationships with Achaeans and the Mycenaean world.
The Hittite world often referred to that nation as Ahhijawa in their text documents, therefore their role must have been prominent in that state.
The Mycenaean state was destroyed by the Dorian invasions who carried R1b and created numerous city-states of their own, including some on former settlements.
The majority of Achaean settlements in south Italy was in Calabria (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Magna_Graecia_ancient_colonies_and_dialects-en.svg/1200px-Magna_Graecia_ancient_colonies_and_dialects-en.svg.png), but not restricted there.
Later on, they founded the Achaean league in order to defeat the Spartans, but suffered heavy losses. After a Macedonian intervention, Sparta surrendered.
The league was later dissolved by the Romans after a quick war.
Achaeans in Achaea, northwest Peloponnese, adopted a form of Doric from a western tribe that conquered them but we don't know its original name because it took the name of the Achaeans.
Achaeans in Achaea Phthiotis adopted a form of Aeolic, not surprisingly since Thessaly was inhabited entirely by Aeolic tribes before the invasion of Thessalians, a western doric-like tribe.
So the Achaeans must have lost their original language, which should have probably been Afroasiatic. A part of the vocabulary though, including the greek alphabet itself must be its remnants.