norway-historian
09-26-2011, 09:44 PM
The migration of Gallia-Belgic tribes
Modern Belgium was settled by several tribes called the Gauls or Belgae. They were of mixed Gaulish and Germanic origin.
A Focean sea captain wrote this about the abandoned areas by Schelde and Meusel (550BC) :
..." Because of Celtic tribes who are constantly in war, the land is abandoned. The natives, migrated to the places where they settled most densely. These areas are mountainous, naked cliffs and mountains that raises towards the sky"... (5)
Pomponius Mela writes 41AC about a sailing route from Gibraltar northwards by the Atlantic Ocean. Furthest north is Thule and Mela. He writes:
"... Thule is situated north of the Belgian coast"... (6)
Plutharch tells abt. 100AC about Camillus, the Roman king (446-365 BC). He writes about a Gallic migration northwards:
..." The Gaul are of Celtic origin and it's being told that a number of them had to leave their country, because it could not feed them all. They went out to search for new places to settle down. They were many thousands, young men and a larger number of women and children. They came to the Northern coasts, where they settled by the Riphean mountains in the most remote areas of Europe"...
The Riphean mountains mentioned, could be the west coast of Norway.
Dio Cassius writes the following 200AC :
"... The Belgae lives in several tribes by the Rhine and areas by the sea opposite Britain". (7)
NORWEGIAN REGIONS
Trøndelag. This name can be seperated into Trønde-lag. Trønder is a germanistation of the latin Treueri, Treu-eri. The Treueri were of the major tribes in Gallia-Belgae. They dwelled between the Rhine and the Meuse (Mosel). Their capital, Trier by the Meuse, was a roman city. The second part in Trøndelag, -lag, (English: Law) means that the Treueri's laws were used. Trøndelag was a colony settled by the Treueri.
Møre. Møre might come from Latin Mare, meaning ocean. The Morini were a tribe in Gallia-Belgica dwelling by the coast. In Norwegian it is spelled Møre. The Morini could have settled in Møre on the North West coast of Norway.
Gulen is situated on Norway's west coast. Locals pronounce the name as "Gaulen". The name suggests that this was a Gallic country.
Hadeland. This region is in the South-East of Norway, with Gran in the centre. The Hadui were one of the major tribes in Gallia-Belgica. The name Hadeland suggests that the Hadui settled here.
Grenland is situated in the South-East of Norway by the sea. This region could be named after the Gallia-Belgae god Gran. The old name on the sea here was Gran-Marr after the Gallic god. After the Christianisation of Norway, his name became a taboo.
RIVER NAMES
The Mösa or Meuse as it is spelt today, springs out west of Vogesene and continues through France, Belgium and Holland before it ends in the North Sea. The Norwegian river Mjøsa is pronounced the same way as the ancient Mösa.
The Vair river is an offshot of Meuse (Near Neufchateau). The name Vair sounds like the Norwegian Vær. Vær-dalen is a valley in Trøndelag.
The Chieur river runs westwards and ends up in the Meuse south of the Belgian border. Chieur is pronounced like the Norwegian Stjør. Stjørdalen is a valley in Trøndelag.
The Nied runs eastwards, it's source is east of Neufchateau by the Meuse. In Trøndelag, the Nid ends in the sea by Trondheim.
These rivers are all in the Meuse-valley in what used to be Gallia-Belgica. That the same river names exists in Trøndelag is not likely to be a coincidence.
A map of the Gallia-Belgic area
THE PRESENCE OF GALLIC GODS IN NORWAY
Gran (Roman: Grannus) was one of the gods of ancient Gaul. He healed the sick and was a sun-god. A pine tree was a symbol of him. (Pine means Gran in Norwegian). He was worshipped by rivers, and he's main place of worship is today called Grand and is situated 20km north-west of Neufchateu by the river Meuse. Another place of worship was called Aqua Granni and was situated near Aachen.
In Norway Gran exists in place names such as Granvin, Gransherad and Grenland.
Teutates used to be a Gallic tribal god who was involved in all of the tribes activities, whether it was trading, fertility or war. The Gaulish pronunciation is thought to be Tota or Tot. Tot expected live sacrifices, usually animals, but in extreme cases, humans were sacrificed. Toten is the name of a region in South-Eastern Norway.
Mösa (Meusel) was personified and worshipped as a female godess by the Gallic people who lived by the river with the same name. After Christianisation in Norway, the word "Mös" became a taboo, since it was the name of a heathen goddess.
Language: The Gaulish spoke dialects that resemble modern Flemish. Flemish is spoken in the Flanders region of Belgium.
Y-DNA profile R1b is the major haplogroup of the male population in Flanders, and the nearby region of Limburg, and North-West Germany. About 30% of Norwegian men are of the R1b haplogroup. This supports the hypothesis of an immigration from the Meuse-valley to Norway. This group may have immigrated abt. 600BC.
A ROMAN PRESENCE IN NORWAY
The book Brittania (Tacitus) tells about a journey where Julius Agricola travels with his military troops northwards to the Orkneys and further northeast. He tells:
"... We could see Thule in the distance, where our mission leaded us. The winter was approaching. They say that the ocean here become stiff and impossible to travel on by boat. But I will tell you, that in no other place is the ocean so wide and carries so many streams in all directions. The ocean streams in between mountains and cliffs as if it is a part of it." (11).
Where was Thule located?
Ptolemaist in Alexandria writes the following:
“The Northern border (of the inhabited world) is by the degree 63 north of the equator, through the Island Thule (12, 13). “
Ptolemaists writes that the summer is 20 hours long mid-summer in Thule. This is correct for Norway. When he calls Thule an island, is this because the world was not fully explored at the time.
Sources:
1. V. Sarianidi: Margush. Agabat 2002.
2. M. Egg, Ch. Pare. Die Metallzeiten in Europa und im vorderen Orient
3. T.J. Dunbabin. The western Greeks.
4. Plutarch skriver at etrusker fra Roms nabolag ble bosatt nær hyperboreerne
d.v.s. nær der det var midnattssol ovenfor nordavinden.
5. R.F. Avienus: ORA MARITIMA. Ares publishers, Inc. Chicago.
6. Pomponius Mela. De Chorographia. Darmstadt 1994.
7. Cassius Dio. Historia XXXIX , pkt. 1.
8. R.Billoret. Antike Stadt Grand.
9. A. Watson. Religious Acculturatin and Assimilation in Belgic Gaul.
10. T. Derks. Gods, Temples and Ritual Practises.
11. Tacitus. Britannia.
12. J.L.Berggren, A. Jones. Ptolemy’s Geography. The theoretical Chapters.
13. K. Müller. Ptolemaeus Geographia. Paris 1901
E.L. Stevenson. Ptolemys Geographi. New York 1932
14. A. Demant, J. Engemann. Konstantin der Grosse.
15. S.Frere. BRITANNIA. A history of roman Britain.
Modern Belgium was settled by several tribes called the Gauls or Belgae. They were of mixed Gaulish and Germanic origin.
A Focean sea captain wrote this about the abandoned areas by Schelde and Meusel (550BC) :
..." Because of Celtic tribes who are constantly in war, the land is abandoned. The natives, migrated to the places where they settled most densely. These areas are mountainous, naked cliffs and mountains that raises towards the sky"... (5)
Pomponius Mela writes 41AC about a sailing route from Gibraltar northwards by the Atlantic Ocean. Furthest north is Thule and Mela. He writes:
"... Thule is situated north of the Belgian coast"... (6)
Plutharch tells abt. 100AC about Camillus, the Roman king (446-365 BC). He writes about a Gallic migration northwards:
..." The Gaul are of Celtic origin and it's being told that a number of them had to leave their country, because it could not feed them all. They went out to search for new places to settle down. They were many thousands, young men and a larger number of women and children. They came to the Northern coasts, where they settled by the Riphean mountains in the most remote areas of Europe"...
The Riphean mountains mentioned, could be the west coast of Norway.
Dio Cassius writes the following 200AC :
"... The Belgae lives in several tribes by the Rhine and areas by the sea opposite Britain". (7)
NORWEGIAN REGIONS
Trøndelag. This name can be seperated into Trønde-lag. Trønder is a germanistation of the latin Treueri, Treu-eri. The Treueri were of the major tribes in Gallia-Belgae. They dwelled between the Rhine and the Meuse (Mosel). Their capital, Trier by the Meuse, was a roman city. The second part in Trøndelag, -lag, (English: Law) means that the Treueri's laws were used. Trøndelag was a colony settled by the Treueri.
Møre. Møre might come from Latin Mare, meaning ocean. The Morini were a tribe in Gallia-Belgica dwelling by the coast. In Norwegian it is spelled Møre. The Morini could have settled in Møre on the North West coast of Norway.
Gulen is situated on Norway's west coast. Locals pronounce the name as "Gaulen". The name suggests that this was a Gallic country.
Hadeland. This region is in the South-East of Norway, with Gran in the centre. The Hadui were one of the major tribes in Gallia-Belgica. The name Hadeland suggests that the Hadui settled here.
Grenland is situated in the South-East of Norway by the sea. This region could be named after the Gallia-Belgae god Gran. The old name on the sea here was Gran-Marr after the Gallic god. After the Christianisation of Norway, his name became a taboo.
RIVER NAMES
The Mösa or Meuse as it is spelt today, springs out west of Vogesene and continues through France, Belgium and Holland before it ends in the North Sea. The Norwegian river Mjøsa is pronounced the same way as the ancient Mösa.
The Vair river is an offshot of Meuse (Near Neufchateau). The name Vair sounds like the Norwegian Vær. Vær-dalen is a valley in Trøndelag.
The Chieur river runs westwards and ends up in the Meuse south of the Belgian border. Chieur is pronounced like the Norwegian Stjør. Stjørdalen is a valley in Trøndelag.
The Nied runs eastwards, it's source is east of Neufchateau by the Meuse. In Trøndelag, the Nid ends in the sea by Trondheim.
These rivers are all in the Meuse-valley in what used to be Gallia-Belgica. That the same river names exists in Trøndelag is not likely to be a coincidence.
A map of the Gallia-Belgic area
THE PRESENCE OF GALLIC GODS IN NORWAY
Gran (Roman: Grannus) was one of the gods of ancient Gaul. He healed the sick and was a sun-god. A pine tree was a symbol of him. (Pine means Gran in Norwegian). He was worshipped by rivers, and he's main place of worship is today called Grand and is situated 20km north-west of Neufchateu by the river Meuse. Another place of worship was called Aqua Granni and was situated near Aachen.
In Norway Gran exists in place names such as Granvin, Gransherad and Grenland.
Teutates used to be a Gallic tribal god who was involved in all of the tribes activities, whether it was trading, fertility or war. The Gaulish pronunciation is thought to be Tota or Tot. Tot expected live sacrifices, usually animals, but in extreme cases, humans were sacrificed. Toten is the name of a region in South-Eastern Norway.
Mösa (Meusel) was personified and worshipped as a female godess by the Gallic people who lived by the river with the same name. After Christianisation in Norway, the word "Mös" became a taboo, since it was the name of a heathen goddess.
Language: The Gaulish spoke dialects that resemble modern Flemish. Flemish is spoken in the Flanders region of Belgium.
Y-DNA profile R1b is the major haplogroup of the male population in Flanders, and the nearby region of Limburg, and North-West Germany. About 30% of Norwegian men are of the R1b haplogroup. This supports the hypothesis of an immigration from the Meuse-valley to Norway. This group may have immigrated abt. 600BC.
A ROMAN PRESENCE IN NORWAY
The book Brittania (Tacitus) tells about a journey where Julius Agricola travels with his military troops northwards to the Orkneys and further northeast. He tells:
"... We could see Thule in the distance, where our mission leaded us. The winter was approaching. They say that the ocean here become stiff and impossible to travel on by boat. But I will tell you, that in no other place is the ocean so wide and carries so many streams in all directions. The ocean streams in between mountains and cliffs as if it is a part of it." (11).
Where was Thule located?
Ptolemaist in Alexandria writes the following:
“The Northern border (of the inhabited world) is by the degree 63 north of the equator, through the Island Thule (12, 13). “
Ptolemaists writes that the summer is 20 hours long mid-summer in Thule. This is correct for Norway. When he calls Thule an island, is this because the world was not fully explored at the time.
Sources:
1. V. Sarianidi: Margush. Agabat 2002.
2. M. Egg, Ch. Pare. Die Metallzeiten in Europa und im vorderen Orient
3. T.J. Dunbabin. The western Greeks.
4. Plutarch skriver at etrusker fra Roms nabolag ble bosatt nær hyperboreerne
d.v.s. nær der det var midnattssol ovenfor nordavinden.
5. R.F. Avienus: ORA MARITIMA. Ares publishers, Inc. Chicago.
6. Pomponius Mela. De Chorographia. Darmstadt 1994.
7. Cassius Dio. Historia XXXIX , pkt. 1.
8. R.Billoret. Antike Stadt Grand.
9. A. Watson. Religious Acculturatin and Assimilation in Belgic Gaul.
10. T. Derks. Gods, Temples and Ritual Practises.
11. Tacitus. Britannia.
12. J.L.Berggren, A. Jones. Ptolemy’s Geography. The theoretical Chapters.
13. K. Müller. Ptolemaeus Geographia. Paris 1901
E.L. Stevenson. Ptolemys Geographi. New York 1932
14. A. Demant, J. Engemann. Konstantin der Grosse.
15. S.Frere. BRITANNIA. A history of roman Britain.