Is Romania-Ukraine the most extreme border in Europe?

[Russki]

Ukraine has a border with Romania but genetic distance between them is overwhelming

I think Romanians look closer to Albanians/Greeks than to Ukrainians

[Dušan]

I would say that Italy-Austria or Italy-Slovenia are more extreme in term of autosomal genetics than Romania-Ukraine.

[Oliver109]

I would say Germany-Poland is bigger, former has many more western looking people i think i.e borrebies, atlantids etc.

[TheMaestro]

I would say Germany-Poland is bigger, former has many more western looking people i think i.e borrebies, atlantids etc.

Not really, both pretty light, also eastern Germany has a slavic input and vice-versa so that's a big miss statement.

[Tellmewhy]

It is either Italy-Austria or Turkey-Bulgaria.

[Oliver109]

Not really, both pretty light, also eastern Germany has a slavic input and vice-versa so that's a big miss statement.

Wouldnt you say though that eastern Germany has a lot of German looking people? Poland has relatively few really imo.

[Nausevar]

If we're talking about genetics this is the wrong section.

[Tooting Carmen]

One of them for sure.

[Ion Basescul]

Ukraine has a border with Romania but genetic distance between them is overwhelming

I think Romanians look closer to Albanians/Greeks than to Ukrainians

Romanians are not homogenous and neither are Ukrainians. Those on the border in each country (Bukovina region) are not that different, because they kept mixing.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukovina
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukovina

[Peterski]

Not really.

Slovenia - Italy border probably has the sharpest genetic difference (if counting only land borders).


It is either Italy-Austria or Turkey-Bulgaria.

Italy - Austria is also a big difference, but smaller than Italy - Slovenia.

Isn't European part of Turkey inhabited mostly by former Balkan Turks?

=====

BTW, this place is in Europe but is inhabited by a branch of Mongols:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmykia

[Ion Basescul]

Not really.

Slovenia - Italy border probably has the sharpest genetic difference (if counting only land borders).



Italy - Austria is also a big difference, but smaller than Italy - Slovenia.

Isn't European part of Turkey inhabited mostly by former Balkan Turks?

=====

BTW, this place is in Europe but is inhabited by a branch of Mongols:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmykia

I think he meant countries, because otherwise Russia has a lot of intra-diversity. If Georgia counts as Europe, then Russia-Georgia has a steeper difference than between Italy-Slovenia or Bulgaria-European side of Turkey.

[Zohor]

Russia-Norway hands down

[Tooting Carmen]

For its not-so-southerly location, I've often found ethnic Romanians (aka not Gypsies) to be quite dark and Med-looking.

[Russki]

Russia-Norway

Saamis on both sides of the border.

And ironically both Norwegians and Russians farther South from the border are similar in autosomal admixture (but don't cluster together).

[TheMaestro]

Wouldnt you say though that eastern Germany has a lot of German looking people? Poland has relatively few really imo.

I don't need to elaborate, your statement sounds like of someone from USA with 0 geography classes.

[Zohor]

Saamis on both sides of the border.

And ironically both Norwegians and Russians farther South from the border are similar in autosomal admixture (but don't cluster together).

Up to 60 000 for country over 5 milion people, even their province has over 250 000 people so their influence must be striking lol, just Saamis. Not to mention 2k Saamis in Russia, I am shaking right now

[Oliver109]

I don't need to elaborate, your statement sounds like of someone from USA with 0 geography classes.

Well i have not much experience of east German phenotypes so i am more ignorant on that region compared to Hungary(which has been really well covered by some members on here)

[Ayetooey]

Obvious one is Slovenia/Italy, also Italy/Austria. Some less obvious ones which have higher distances.

North Swedes/Sami.

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/611586491982020628/930595537890181150/unknown.png

Slavic Macedonians and Pontic Greeks (who largely live in Greek Macedonia).

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/611586491982020628/930595805193187378/unknown.png

South west Russians and any of the bordering North Caucasian people who are geographically within Europe.

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/611586491982020628/930597832568758322/unknown.png

Or to take it a step further, South west Russians and Caucasus Greeks (Pontic Greeks who resided in that region.

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/611586491982020628/930598571726766091/unknown.png

The most extreme border in Europe genetically might be between south west Russians and Kalmyks (a mongol people who are the only buddhists native to geographic Europe), anyone got any samples to check?

[Ion Basescul]

Saamis on both sides of the border.

And ironically both Norwegians and Russians farther South from the border are similar in autosomal admixture (but don't cluster together).

Not even close actually...

Distance to: Russian_North
33.52113214 Norwegian


Distance to: Romanian_North-Moldavia
9.18223284 Ukrainian_Carpathians


Distance to: Slovenian
23.06310040 Italian_Veneto


Distance to: Slovak
9.93076533 Austrian


Distance to: Austrian
17.85655902 Italian_Trentino


Distance to: Swedish
23.50396562 Finnish


Distance to: Russian_Tver-Yaroslavl
9.18418750 Estonian


Distance to: Russian_Tver-Yaroslavl
10.31432984 Latvian


Distance to: Estonian
10.24887799 Latvian


Distance to: Serb_South
13.13870618 Albanian_Gheg


Distance to: Russian_Southwest
67.92017005 Georgian


Distance to: Latvian
10.39410410 Belarusian


Distance to: Polish_Greater_Poland
11.63862964 German_Saxony

[Russki]

Ion Basescul

I brought up the problem of genetic distances in this thread:

https://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?357783-Do-Norwegians-look-more-similar-to-Estonians-or-the-British

https://sun9-10.userapi.com/impg/_mw-ZKmsEIGIEIYZaJULgS0Y-xQ4R8mntqUivw/okK_451BdL8.jpg?size=663x541&quality=96&sign=f73aec7f34e1c6b3cdb401d368f3ac34&type=album

In terms of genetic distance, Estonia is less Nordic than Ukraine or Poland.

[Ion Basescul]

I brought up the problem of genetic distances in this thread:

https://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?357783-Do-Norwegians-look-more-similar-to-Estonians-or-the-British

https://sun9-10.userapi.com/impg/_mw-ZKmsEIGIEIYZaJULgS0Y-xQ4R8mntqUivw/okK_451BdL8.jpg?size=663x541&quality=96&sign=f73aec7f34e1c6b3cdb401d368f3ac34&type=album

Are you asking why there is an overlap in phenotypes despite being autosomally different (Estonians-Norwegians in your case)? I don't think that there is a scientific answer to that. If you dig enough, you will find even select Afghanis, Pakistanis, Kurds, Syrians, etc. who will overlap with any kind of European, so this might be proof of a very ancient signal that cannot be detected autosomally.

[Tellmewhy]

Not really.

Slovenia - Italy border probably has the sharpest genetic difference (if counting only land borders).



Italy - Austria is also a big difference, but smaller than Italy - Slovenia.

Isn't European part of Turkey inhabited mostly by former Balkan Turks?

=====

BTW, this place is in Europe but is inhabited by a branch of Mongols:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmykia

Yes, they are Thracian Turks and they have significantly more West and Central Asian admixtures than Bulgarians of Slavic origin. Their West and Central Asian admixtures make them genetically away from Bulgarians of Slavic origin.

[Tellmewhy]

I change my opinion. Since I only considered national borders, I said either Italy-Austria or Turkey-Bulgaria but as Tomenable said, biggest genetic gap is the border between Kalmykia and neighbouring Russian oblasts.

[Dunai]

Not even close actually...

Distance to: Russian_North
33.52113214 Norwegian


Distance to: Romanian_North-Moldavia
9.18223284 Ukrainian_Carpathians


Distance to: Slovenian
23.06310040 Italian_Veneto


Distance to: Slovak
9.93076533 Austrian


Distance to: Austrian
17.85655902 Italian_Trentino


Distance to: Swedish
23.50396562 Finnish


Distance to: Russian_Tver-Yaroslavl
9.18418750 Estonian


Distance to: Russian_Tver-Yaroslavl
10.31432984 Latvian


Distance to: Estonian
10.24887799 Latvian


Distance to: Serb_South
13.13870618 Albanian_Gheg


Distance to: Russian_Southwest
67.92017005 Georgian


Distance to: Latvian
10.39410410 Belarusian


Distance to: Polish_Greater_Poland
11.63862964 German_Saxony

It's pretty interesting that the distance between Hungary's border region with the two Romanian border regions is even higher than between Ukraine's and Romania's border regions, I thought it was the other way before looking at the data:

Distance to: Hungarian_Alföld
9.79162397 Romanian_Crișana
12.12892823 Romanian_Banat

[Ion Basescul]

It's pretty interesting that the distance between Hungary's border region with the two Romanian border regions is even higher than between Ukraine's and Romania's border regions, I thought it was the other way before looking at the data:

Distance to: Hungarian_Alföld
9.79162397 Romanian_Crișana
12.12892823 Romanian_Banat

It's very simple.
Banat region is stereotyped as Oltenia 2.0 in Romanian, because it is heavily settled by people from Oltenia. The main movement was/is towards Timis, and some spills over into Arad in Crisana, which is very industrial and always needs manual labour. Also Banat borders mostly Eastern Serbia where Vlachs live and the border overlap with Hungary is minimal in comparison.

Crisana and Maramures averages are not that far from Transylvanian Hungarians, of which many live in Bihor (Crisana), Satu Mare (Maramures) counties as you know. Satu Mare county is only 58% Romanian ethnically, followed by Bihor at 66%. So these Transylvanian Hungarians are their immediate neighbours.

Distance to: Romanian_Crișana
5.74287385 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.79162397 Hungarian_Alföld


Distance to: Romanian_Maramureș
3.65371044 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.12529999 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romanian_Banat
7.84197679 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
12.12892823 Hungarian_Alföld




Broken down by only the counties on the border

Distance to: Romania_Maramures_SatuMare
3.18020440 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.52715086 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Bihor
5.66773323 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.24661560 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Arad
6.75946743 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
11.32891433 Hungarian_Alföld


Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Bihor
5.66773323 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.24661560 Hungarian_Alföld

[Dunai]

It's very simple.
Banat region is stereotyped as Oltenia 2.0 in Romanian, because it is heavily settled by people from Oltenia. The main movement was/is towards Timis, and some spills over into Arad in Crisana, which is very industrial and always needs manual labour.

Crisana and Maramures averages are not that far from Transylvanian Hungarians, of which many live in Bihor (Crisana), Satu Mare (Maramures) counties as you know. Satu Mare county is only 58% Romanian ethnically, followed by Bihor at 66%. So these Transylvanian Hungarians are their immediate neighbours.

Distance to: Romanian_Crișana
5.74287385 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.79162397 Hungarian_Alföld


Distance to: Romanian_Maramureș
3.65371044 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.12529999 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romanian_Banat
7.84197679 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
12.12892823 Hungarian_Alföld




Broken down by only the counties on the border

Distance to: Romania_Maramures_SatuMare
3.18020440 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.52715086 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Bihor
5.66773323 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.24661560 Hungarian_Alföld

Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Arad
6.75946743 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
11.32891433 Hungarian_Alföld


Distance to: Romania_Crisana_Bihor
5.66773323 Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
9.24661560 Hungarian_Alföld

You have selective understanding of Hungarians living in today's Romania. Those living near the Hungarian border (Banat and Partium) are not Transylvanian Hungarians, but Alföld Hungarians, and I included them also together with Hungarians from Hungary's Alföld. The Alföld is a large historical region of Historic Hungary that reaches from Bácska district in Serbia to Szatmár county in Romania, from Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in Hungary to Temes county in Romania. Thus a Partium Hungarian (included in Alföld) has a distance of 9+ to a Crisana Romanian, since the two names designate the same territory. The equivalent neighbors to Transylvanian Hungarians are the Transylvanian Romanians, since these averages designate Transylvania proper, and indeed, the distance is somewhat smaller between them, but 7 is still a fairly big margin:

Distance to: Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.05772626 Romanian_Transylvania

[Ion Basescul]

It's pretty interesting that the distance between Hungary's border region with the two Romanian border regions is even higher than between Ukraine's and Romania's border regions, I thought it was the other way before looking at the data:

Distance to: Hungarian_Alföld
9.79162397 Romanian_Crișana
12.12892823 Romanian_Banat

Romanian_North-Moldavia is not fully a border region by the way. It is composed of Suceava (border), Botosani (border), Iasi and Neamt counties.

Only border counties:


Distance to: Romania_Moldavia_Suceava
7.37989837 Ukrainian_Carpathians

Distance to: Romania_Moldavia_Botosani
7.68683290 Ukrainian_Carpathians

[Russki]

Alright guys, I was talking about Romania_Average vs Ukraine_Average.

[Ion Basescul]

You have selective understanding of Hungarians living in today's Romania. Those living near the Hungarian border (Banat and Partium) are not Transylvanian Hungarians, but Alföld Hungarians, and I included them also together with Hungarians from Hungary's Alföld.

I think you have a situation then where Alfold Hungarians are heterogeneous, because I have some who are quite similar to Transylvanian Hungarians. The one that is similar to Alfold Hungarians is in fact half Ukrainian, which is a trend among some Alfold Hungarians on this forum.

First is Maramures Hungarian, rest are from Satu Mare



N_Atlantic
Baltic
West_Med
West_Asian
East_Med
Red_Sea
South_Asian
East_Asian
Siberian
Amerindian
Oceanian
NE_African
Sub-Saharan


29.33
32.53
14.47
5.83
12.27
1.76
0.83
0.45
0.83
1.25
0.18
0
0.28


27.43
30.88
17.88
12.68
7.15
0
1.85
0
0.89
0.66
0.31
0
0.27


29.27
29.30
14.89
7.43
15.64
0.68
0
0.84
1.36
0
0
0
0.61



This one is 1/2 Hungarian from Satu Mare (1/4 Domanesti village, 1/4 Capleni village) and 1/2 Rusyn from Zakarpattya Ukraine (1/2 Kalyny village). Now this is more like Alfold Hungarians.



N_Atlantic
Baltic
West_Med
West_Asian
East_Med
Red_Sea
South_Asian
East_Asian
Siberian
Amerindian
Oceanian
NE_African
Sub-Saharan


26.69
33.70
15.68
8.83
9.28
1.98
0.33
1.16
1.13
0
0
0
1.23



Why this happens is not a question for me to answer, because as you say, I have a selective understanding about Hungarian ethnic history.

[Dunai]

I think you have a situation then where Alfold Hungarians are heterogeneous, because I have some who are quite similar to Transylvanian Hungarians. The one that is similar to Alfold Hungarians is in fact half Ukrainian, which is a trend among some Alfold Hungarians on this forum.

First is Maramures Hungarian, rest are from Satu Mare



N_Atlantic
Baltic
West_Med
West_Asian
East_Med
Red_Sea
South_Asian
East_Asian
Siberian
Amerindian
Oceanian
NE_African
Sub-Saharan


29.33
32.53
14.47
5.83
12.27
1.76
0.83
0.45
0.83
1.25
0.18
0
0.28


27.43
30.88
17.88
12.68
7.15
0
1.85
0
0.89
0.66
0.31
0
0.27


29.27
29.30
14.89
7.43
15.64
0.68
0
0.84
1.36
0
0
0
0.61



This one is 1/2 Hungarian from Satu Mare (1/4 Domanesti village, 1/4 Capleni village) and 1/2 Rusyn from Zakarpattya Ukraine (1/2 Kalyny village). Now this is more like Alfold Hungarians.



N_Atlantic
Baltic
West_Med
West_Asian
East_Med
Red_Sea
South_Asian
East_Asian
Siberian
Amerindian
Oceanian
NE_African
Sub-Saharan


26.69
33.70
15.68
8.83
9.28
1.98
0.33
1.16
1.13
0
0
0
1.23



Why this happens is not a question for me to answer, because as you say, I have a selective understanding about Hungarian ethnic history.

Historic Alföld is a massive geographic area, those in the north are closer to North Hungarians, those in the south to North Croatians, but it's not so black and white, since many outliers I found in all parts of Alföld. Maramures is btw part of Historic Transcarpathia, thus I have Hungarians from there in the North Hungarian averages.

[Ion Basescul]

Alright guys, I was talking about Romania_Average vs Ukraine_Average.

Sorry, this is my last off-topic here.


Thus a Partium Hungarian (included in Alföld) has a distance of 9+ to a Crisana Romanian, since the two names designate the same territory. The equivalent neighbors to Transylvanian Hungarians are the Transylvanian Romanians, since these averages designate Transylvania proper, and indeed, the distance is somewhat smaller between them, but 7 is still a fairly big margin:

Distance to: Hungarian_Transylvania+Székely
7.05772626 Romanian_Transylvania

To finish the discussion about Crisana-Alfold. Crisana Romanians are usually similar to ones from Maramures, who in turn are similar to Northeast Romanians, with minority who resemble Transylvanian Romanians and fewer who are Hungarian like. These are all the samples in my Crisana average.



ID
County
N_Atlantic
Baltic
West_Med
West_Asian
East_Med
Red_Sea
South_Asian
East_Asian
Siberian
Amerindian
Oceanian
NE_African
Sub-Saharan


1
_Bihor
21.25
28.53
20.32
8.83
17.68
0
0
2.03
1.24
0.06
0
0
0


2
_Bihor
24.53
25.10
18.74
10.33
17.26
1.30
0
0.91
1.60
0
0.16
0
0.08


3
_Bihor
28.93
22.95
16.48
8.26
18.21
0
5.05
0
0.07
0
0
0.06
0


4
_Bihor
22.65
27.34
19.48
11.03
16.76
0.61
0.60
0
0
1.11
0.42
0
0


5
_Bihor
24.71
28.77
16.70
8.87
16.46
0.57
0
0.23
0.90
1.57
0.82
0.36
0


6
_Bihor
25.94
31.05
17.20
7.15
14.23
0.59
2.13
0
0.90
0.62
0.18
0
0


7
_Bihor
18.57
29.51
18.98
9.71
20.43
0.41
0
0
0.71
1.22
0.39
0
0.09


8
_Bihor
30.10
27.60
15.66
7.82
12.16
2.43
1.36
0
1.78
0.68
0.29
0
0.12


9
_Bihor
28.28
25.17
15.11
10.73
14.95
2.47
0
0.22
1.86
0.79
0
0
0.36


10
_Bihor
26.68
26.82
14.96
5.03
17.79
2.84
3.43
0.35
0
1.27
0.05
0.32
0.45


11
_Bihor
23.61
31.09
10.11
11.62
20.14
0.94
0.13
0.61
0.73
0
1.01
0
0


12
_Bihor
26.41
29.11
16.89
9.08
13.83
1.07
1.46
0.16
0
0.52
1.37
0
0.09


13
_Bihor
22.09
33.21
17.56
11.45
10.70
0.80
0
0.13
2.44
0.34
0.75
0
0.53


14
_Bihor
23.14
30.05
14.65
9.57
17.29
2.44
0
0
1.33
0
0.86
0.63
0


15
_Bihor
23.15
28.46
18.23
8.68
17.44
1.78
0.47
0.99
0.06
0.09
0.08
0
0.58


16
_Salaj
27.08
26.01
16.79
10.94
15.65
1.50
0
0.81
0.52
0.18
0.51
0
0


17
_Salaj
26.79
32.77
15.94
5.66
13.01
1.57
0
0
2.48
0.64
0.60
0.53
0


18
_Salaj
21.39
33.81
14.64
12.73
12.88
0.24
1.21
0.46
0
2.64
0
0
0


19
_Salaj
23.56
34.11
20.45
8.34
10.88
0.52
0
0
1.00
0.67
0.24
0.24
0


20
_Salaj
22.19
26.05
19.01
9.83
16.48
2.26
0.90
1.95
0
0.30
1.04
0
0


21
_Salaj
21.53
27.55
15.75
7.22
23.53
0.79
0
0
2.06
0
1.01
0.53
0


22
_Salaj
23.55
28.27
15.41
7.95
19.50
2.83
0
1.14
0.79
0
0.56
0
0


23
_Salaj
25.55
28.07
14.47
11.09
15.48
1.29
0.38
0
2.84
0.68
0.15
0
0


24
_Salaj
23.22
26.77
16.57
14.25
14.48
1.83
0
0
0
1.36
0
0.89
0.63


25
_Arad
27.57
24.00
19.31
7.29
17.40
0.61
0
1.27
0.75
0.26
0.98
0
0.55


26
_Arad
23.58
25.51
17.64
8.15
19.75
2.32
0
0
1.91
1.15
0
0
0


27
_Arad
26.05
21.87
19.47
12.26
15.09
1.59
1.71
0.30
1.26
0
0.38
0
0


28
_Arad
28.66
23.95
15.36
6.58
16.85
3.30
3.16
1.72
0.22
0
0
0
0.19


29
_Arad
27.74
25.83
16.89
8.16
19.04
0.77
0
0
0.71
0.86
0
0
0


30
_Arad
25.78
22.04
16.38
13.14
18.78
2.29
0.33
0.62
0
0.51
0
0.13
0


31
_Arad
26.63
25.74
18.92
9.34
14.96
0.74
0
0.79
1.89
0
0.98
0
0


32
_Arad
30.66
25.21
14.99
11.44
15.27
0.76
0
0
0
1.07
0.49
0
0.11


33
_Arad
24.75
27.09
14.27
12.86
17.37
0
2.17
0.66
0.72
0.09
0
0
0


34
_Arad
25.98
26.03
17.99
8.88
18.83
1.23
0
0.17
0.66
0
0.23
0
0


35
_Arad
25.47
26.12
18.78
4.96
19.82
1.94
0
0
0.25
0.98
1.36
0
0.31


36
_Arad
23.62
30.49
16.36
11.74
13.78
0.35
0.64
0.75
1.57
0.47
0
0
0.23


37
_Arad
20.99
26.91
18.71
10.42
16.58
2.82
1.39
0
1.12
0
0.91
0.15
0


38
_Arad
25.32
25.47
17.56
9.92
15.67
2.12
1.32
0.63
0
1.24
0.75
0
0


39
_Arad
25.18
22.55
19.19
12.33
15.99
1.52
0.06
0.53
0.1
1.27
0.63
0.65
0

[Russki]

Simple calculators are more readable than those with a million categories with the same thing.

https://www.mdpi.com/genes/genes-11-01491/article_deploy/html/images/genes-11-01491-g007.png

[Jana]

Simple calculators are more readable than those with a million categories with the same thing.

https://www.mdpi.com/genes/genes-11-01491/article_deploy/html/images/genes-11-01491-g007.png

It's a nonsense for Croats, we have more steppe than farmer DNA. And zero Siberian.

Target: Croatian
Distance: 4.3783% / 0.04378252

46.2 Yamnaya_RUS_Samara
42.6 TUR_Barcin_N
11.2 WHG

neither have Germans that low Yamnaya, lol. they have way less farmer than shown. fake stats.

Target: German
Distance: 3.8289% / 0.03828894

46.2 Yamnaya_RUS_Samara
40.4 TUR_Barcin_N
13.4 WHG

[Russki]

It's a nonsense for Croats, we have more steppe than farmer DNA. And zero Siberian.

Target: Croatian
Distance: 4.3783% / 0.04378252

46.2 Yamnaya_RUS_Samara
42.6 TUR_Barcin_N
11.2 WHG

neither have Germans that low Yamnaya, lol. they have way less farmer than shown. fake stats.

Target: German
Distance: 3.8289% / 0.03828894

46.2 Yamnaya_RUS_Samara
40.4 TUR_Barcin_N
13.4 WHG

It's the first graph in a simple admixture mode I found in Google, it's probably wrong. Don't take it seriously. I wanted to show that it's more readable than K16.

[Peterski]

If Georgia counts as Europe, then Russia-Georgia has a steeper difference than between Italy-Slovenia

Not really because the Russia-Georgia border is inhabited largely by the indigenous North Caucasian groups (I'm talking about the Russian republics of: Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia and Adygea).

So this would only apply to the Krasnodar-Abkhazia border near the Black Sea (as Slavs are 90% of Krasnodar Krai).

=====

Indigenous-inhabited North Caucasian republics mentioned above marked with red colour:

https://i.imgur.com/LuEXbaq.png

[Peterski]

Up to 60 000 for country over 5 milion people, even their province has over 250 000 people so their influence must be striking lol, just Saamis. Not to mention 2k Saamis in Russia, I am shaking right now

Sapmi Empire: :p

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EgVB2F0VAAASnhm?format=jpg&name=large

[Art23]

Alright guys, I was talking about Romania_Average vs Ukraine_Average.

Ukraine Average is actually Ukraine northern and in some cases more like Ukrainain-Russian or Ukrainian-Polish. There are many Ukrainians who are more similar to Romanians and Moldovans like my family.

[Russki]

Ukraine Average is actually Ukraine northern and in some cases more like Ukrainain-Russian or Ukrainian-Polish. There are many Ukrainians who are more similar to Romanians and Moldovans like my family.

Ukrainian samples are usually at least 100 km away from Romanian and Moldovan borders.

But even closer to border areas genetic distance on all calculators is huge, unless we are talking about exceptions like North Bukovina.

[mitalit]

IMO the most extreme border in Europe is inside Italy

[Lisyonok]

For phenotypes:
Alpine ROU 10 % – UKR 0 %
Dinarid ROU 35 % – UKR 5 %
Hallstatt ROU 3 % – UKR 8 %
Ladogan ROU 0 % – UKR 27 %
Neo-Danubian ROU 20 % – UKR 40 %
Norid ROU 7 % – UKR 5 %
Pontid ROU 25 % – UKR 15 %

Common part 5 % Dinarid + 3 % Hallstatt + 20 % Neo-Danubian + 5 % Norid + 15 % Pontid = 48 %.

Sources:
Mostly
http://www.racialcompact.com/nordishrace.html
But it groups Russians, Belarusians and Ukrainians as one, so I checked also
http://medish.site666.com/
and increased share of Pontids for Ukrainians, decreasing Ladogans.

Probably it is one of the most extreme borders, as less than half of one people can be modelled with another. Maybe someone can calculate the percentages for other potential borders, like Italy - Austria.

[Zohor]

IMO the most extreme border in Europe is inside Italy

Ah shit here we go again...

If we were about borders inside country then Russia takes it all like with all these Mongols in their borders like Kalmyk people, even Spain France is more extreme than any Italian regions and unless "you're not a sheep" you consider Russia European otherwise the Loki daddy gonna ban you like a leftard blocking people on twitter

[mitalit]

Ah shit here we go again...

If we were about borders inside country then Russia takes it all like with all these Mongols in their borders like Kalmyk people, even Spain France is more extreme than any Italian regions and unless "you're not a sheep" you consider Russia European otherwise the Loki daddy gonna ban you like a leftard blocking people on twitter

A large part of Russia is not in Europe, it even borders North Korea. Canary Islands, French Guiana or the Falklands are not in Europe either. I highly doubt Loki would ban me for that.
Genetically, Italy is very different, maybe there are more extreme borders in Europe, but the difference between the north and the center of Italy is quite large.
https://gtpb.github.io/PGDH18/pages/images/PGDH18-entry_image.png

[mitalit]

Although on second thought, the largest border may be between the Basque Country and Spain/France