The rise and transformation of Bronze Age pastoralists in the Caucasus

[Ajeje Brazorf]

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08113-5

The paper explores the genetic and cultural history of pastoral societies in the Caucasus region from approximately 6000 BCE to 1200 BCE. This study provides insights into the origins, development, and eventual transformation of Bronze Age steppe pastoralists who had significant cultural and genetic influence across Eurasia.

Key Findings and Periods Examined

1. Genetic Differentiation and Early Hunter-Gatherer Populations:
- The study highlights a clear genetic division between the northern and southern Caucasus populations dating back to the Mesolithic period. Populations north of the Caucasus showed Eastern European hunter-gatherer (EHG) ancestry, while those in the south exhibited Caucasus hunter-gatherer (CHG) ancestry, with increasing influence from East Anatolian farming communities in later periods.

2. Eneolithic Period and Steppe Ancestry Formation:
- During the Eneolithic period (4900–3900 BCE), cultural and genetic exchange intensified, especially due to the influence of the Maykop culture, a complex known for technological advancements that facilitated interaction between mountain and steppe regions. This period marked the emergence of a distinct West Eurasian steppe ancestry.

3. Bronze Age Pastoralist Societies:
- By the Early Bronze Age, pastoralist cultures began to consolidate genetically. This period (third millennium BCE) saw territorial expansion and stability in the genetic makeup of these groups, especially the Yamnaya culture. Yamnaya groups in the North Caucasus integrated genetic components from the Eneolithic steppe populations and local Caucasus populations, forming the basis of the steppe pastoralist genetic profile that spread across Eurasia.

4. Late Bronze Age Transformations:
- Genetic data from the Late Bronze Age indicate new waves of gene flow, including interactions with groups from the south and east, which correspond with the cultural and societal decline of the dominant steppe pastoralist societies. This gene flow is attributed to an increasing mingling with highland populations and possibly environmental changes that affected the viability of steppe pastoralism.

5. Demographic Shifts and Cultural Transitions:
- The findings show that the population dynamics were complex, with periods of genetic continuity interrupted by transformative cultural and genetic influxes from neighboring regions. By the end of the second millennium BCE, steppe groups had largely integrated with highland societies, leading to a shift from mobile pastoralism to more sedentary, agriculturally focused communities in the Caucasus highlands.

6. Technological and Social Advancements:
- Technological innovations such as dairy pastoralism, wheeled vehicles, and metalworking spread from the Caucasus and steppe regions into Europe and Asia, facilitating long-distance mobility and communication. These advancements supported the social and economic structures of Bronze Age steppe societies, influencing their expansive reach and their lasting impact on the genetic and cultural landscape of Eurasia.

The paper delves into several additional intriguing findings beyond the broader genetic and cultural transformations. Here are some highlights:

1. Early Pastoral Economies and Dairy Use:
- Evidence of early dairy pastoralism, especially during the Steppe Eneolithic period (mid-sixth millennium BCE), reveals that dairy consumption was already practiced by some of these early societies. The presence of animal products such as sheep and goat bones, as well as biochemical traces on artifacts, indicates an early reliance on herding and dairy, which was unusual compared to contemporaneous cultures that were more agrarian.

2. Cultural Impact of the Maykop Culture:
- The Maykop culture, which arose around the fourth millennium BCE in the Caucasus piedmonts, played a transformative role in linking diverse cultures and spreading innovations like metalworking, wheeled transport, and possibly early forms of horse domestication. Genetic evidence shows that while the Maykop culture had a significant influence on steppe societies, the actual genetic exchange between Maykop and steppe populations was limited. This suggests that the cultural connections were stronger than direct genetic intermarriage, with the Maykop’s influence extending through shared technology and cultural practices rather than widespread population mixing.

3. Social Structure and Burial Practices:
- Genetic analyses reveal that many Bronze Age kurgans (burial mounds) in the Caucasus contain individuals with little direct family connection, suggesting that these burial grounds were not exclusively family-based or lineage-centered. The diversity among individuals within the same burial sites points to social rather than kin-based burial practices. This is particularly interesting because it contrasts with other Eurasian societies, where kurgans often housed closely related family members, indicating that the Caucasus societies might have had unique social or communal values.

4. Steppe Gene Flow to Central and Inner Asia:
- The study traces a genetic and cultural bridge from the Caucasus to Central and Inner Asia, particularly through groups associated with the Afanasievo culture, which spread pastoralist practices, including equid (horse and donkey) domestication. This gene flow from the Caucasus to the east is linked with the movement of pastoralist technologies, demonstrating that the innovations originating in the Caucasus region contributed to the early pastoral economies as far as Mongolia and beyond.

5. Climate Influence on Population Movement:
- Environmental factors, particularly the 4.2-kiloyear event—a major drought around 2200 BCE—coincided with declines in steppe populations, likely pressuring groups to migrate to more resource-rich highlands. This climatic event might have contributed to the abandonment of lower steppe regions and an increase in gene flow between steppe and highland populations, leading to new blended cultural and genetic identities in the Caucasus mountains.

6. Long-Term Genetic Legacy:
- The paper finds that the Late Bronze Age populations in the Caucasus highlands have genetic profiles remarkably similar to modern-day North Caucasus groups, suggesting strong genetic continuity over the millennia. This continuity reflects the resilience and isolation of these mountain communities, even as the broader Eurasian landscape experienced repeated waves of migration and cultural change. This points to the highlands as a genetic and cultural refuge that maintained ancient lineages amidst broader demographic shifts.

[Ajeje Brazorf]

https://i.ibb.co/CsB4cX8/01.png

https://i.ibb.co/DbRdd82/02.png

https://i.ibb.co/QbrNpBV/03.png

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https://i.ibb.co/cNys8v4/08.png

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https://i.ibb.co/kqNZdMb/11.png

https://i.ibb.co/0y6BF3J/12.png

https://i.ibb.co/hcpvtgY/13.png

[Ajeje Brazorf]

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Country
Group_Name
Archaeological label (cultural affiliation)
Cluster
Site
Date_BC
Poseidon_ID
Y_Haplogroup
Terminal_SNP
MT_Haplogroup


Russia
EHG
Epipaleolithic [by date 14C Neolithic]
Steppe
Satanaj Grotto
6151,5
SJG001
R1a
M420
U4b1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo 2
5814
AO2001


T2e


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5700
ARO012


U5a1d


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5588,5
ARO011
J2a1a
F4326/L27/PF5111/S396



Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5564
ARO006
R
M207/Page37/UTY2
K1a12a1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5546
ARO013


U1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5541
ARO008
H2
P96
K1b1


Russia
Eneolithic intermediate
Eneolithic
intermediate
Nalchik
4805,5
NCK002


I1b


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic relative
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4567
I2055
J
M304
R1a


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4528,5
I2056
J2a
M410
R1a


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic relative
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4453
I1722


R1a


Russia
Eneolithic intermediate
Eneolithic
intermediate
Nalchik
4445
NCK001
R1b1a2
V1636
T2c1a


Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Khutor Belyy
4326
KHB001





Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Khutor Belyy
4326
KHB002





Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 1 (Vonyuchka 1)
4257
VJ1001


T2a1b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Progress 2
4206
PG2001
R1b1

I3a


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 6
4201,5
KT6001
R1b1a2
V1636
K1a23


Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Aygurskiy 2
4200
AY2006





Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
4195,5
KUG007
R1b1a2b
Y83069
T2a1b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Sengeleevskiy 7
4195,5
SNG001
R1b1a2
V1636
H15b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 3
4192
SH3001


U2e2a1


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic outlier west
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Khutor Belyy
4187,5
KHB003


U5a1


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Progress 2
4143,5
PG2004
R1b1

H2


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Bamut
4064
BMT001


U2e2a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
3874,5
SA6001


U7b


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic outlier
Early or Pre-Yamnaya
intermediate
Zolotarëvka 1
3872,5
ZO1004


U5b2


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic outlier
Early or Pre-Yamnaya
intermediate
Zolotarëvka 1
3830
ZO1002
J2b2a1
L283
U2e


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Steppe Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 4
3824
KST001
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U4a1a


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
3716
MK5007
CT
NA
T2d1a


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Steppe Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
3714
NV3003
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U1a1a+16129


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Vinsady 5
3709
VS5001


U1a1a3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Baksanenok
3675
I1720
F
NA
HV


Russia
Maykop relative
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Vinsady 4
3675
VIN001


U1a1a3


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 1
Steppe Maykop, late/local Eneolitic
intermediate
Ipatovo 3
3621
IV3002
T1a3b
Y8614
X1'2'3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Nogir 3
3619,5
OSS001


J2a1


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY001_ESY002


K1b2


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY003_ESY004


U3b3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY005
L2
L595
I4


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3583
AY2003


H2a1


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, early?
Caucasus
Klady
3574
I6268
J2a1
PF4610
R1a


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3503
AY2004


U2e1h


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
3501,5
IV3005
Q1b
M346, L56/S324



Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3495,5
KUG005
R1a1
M459
U5a1+@16192


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3446,5
KUG001


U5a2+16294


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop (Novosvobodnaya)
Caucasus
Klady
3416,5
I6267


T2c1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3353,5
AY2001


T2e


Armenia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Kaps
3313
ARM001


R1a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3312,5
KUG002


H2a1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3279
MK5001
L2
L595
K1a4


Russia
Kura-Araxes relative
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Velikent
3250
VEK006


U4a2


Russia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Velikent
3250
VEK007_VEK009
J1
L255
U4a2


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Chalcholithic
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
3237
BOE004





Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
3237
IV3010
Q1b
M346, L56/S324
T2a2


Armenia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Kaps
3236
ARM002_ARM003
G2b
M3115
K3


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3236
MK5008
?

T1a2


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3235,5
KUG003
Q1b
M346
W3a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3233
KUG004
Q1b
M346
I2


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
3231,5
KMM023
J2b2a
M241
T2c1c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
3227
KMM008


T2c1c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3225
SIJ003


U4c1


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3224,5
SIJ002
L2
L595
U4c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3223
MK5004
L2
L595
T2al


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 1
Steppe Maykop, late
intermediate
Sharakhalsun 6
3218
SA6013
R1a1
M459
I5b


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
3196,5
SA6004
Q1b2~
B28
U7b


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3176,5
SIJ001


U4c1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
3172
RK1007


T2a1


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, late (Novosvobodnaya)
Caucasus
Klady
3150
I6266
J2a1
PF4610
X2f


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Klady-Dlinnaya Polyana
3150
I6272
G2a2a
PF3147
U1b1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19269.73.74
J1a

K1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19270


U4c1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19271.79
J

U3b1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19278


T2a1b2b


Russia
Not assigned
Early Bronze Age

Boykoponura
2956
BOK004





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Zolotarevka 2
2956
ZO2002


U5a1+@16192


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2955
A19268


I4


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2955
A19272


I1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2953
KNK002
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U5a1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2900
A19277
BT

U1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Vinogradny 1 (Rostov)
2849,5
VGD001


U4c1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
2806
RK1003


R1a1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Boykoponura
2798
BOK003





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus relative
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2797,5
KNK007
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
T1a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
9 Nasypey
2796
9NP003


U5a1b


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2796
KMM036


U4d3


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
9 Nasypey
2794,5
9NP004
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U5a1a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Boykoponura
2788,5
BOK017
R1b1a1b
M269
J2b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2786,5
KMM032
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
T2a1b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2785
KMM038
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U4a1e


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
2781
IV3008
I2a1b1a2
CTS10057
H15b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2780,5
KMM030
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
H15a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Middle Bronze Age
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2778,5
KMM001


T2a1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
2778,5
SA6010
R1b-V1636
V1636
U5a1g


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Goryachevodskiy 2
2760,5
GW1001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U2e1b


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
2760
RK1001
R1b1a2
V1636
U5a1d


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2759,5
KNK005


T1a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2758,5
KMM033


H41a


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2757,5
KMM002
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
H2a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2757,5
KMM003


K1+16362


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2756
KMM010
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
U2e1b


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2754,5
KNK001
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
U5a1g


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Goryachevodskiy 2
2754
I1723
R1b1a1b1
L23
U5b2a1a


Russia
Not assigned
Middle Bronze Age

Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2752
KMM022
NA




Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2749
BOE003
J1b*
F1614
U7a


Russia
Not assigned
by 14C Date: Northcaucasian [by grave ID: Early Iron Age, Koban]

Kammenomostskoe
2749
KMK001





Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Beliy Ugol 2
2724
BU2001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103



Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Lysogorskaya 6
2723
LYG001
R1b1a2

H13a1a2


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Vinsady 4
2722
VS2001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U4c1


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2672,5
KMM015
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
J1c


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2671
MK5003
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
T2c1a2


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb, early

Boykoponura
2650
BOK014





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Bronze Age
Steppe
Boykoponura
2650
BOK015


H13a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Bronze Age
Steppe
Boykoponura
2650
BOK016


U5a1d2


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG005


HV1a1a


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb, early

Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG007
R1b1
L754



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG008
R1b1a1b
M269
H2


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2644
MK5009
R1b1a2
V1636
R1a1a


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2626
BOE001


HV19


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2625
MK5014


H2a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2625
MK5025
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
H13a1a2


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 4
2568
RK4002
R1b1a2
V1636
U4d3


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2550
ERG001
R1b1a1b
M269



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
2549
KUG006
R1b1a1b
M269
K1a1


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Marinskaya 3
2525
MK3003


U4a2


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus relative
Early Bronze Age (Novotitarovskaya?)
Steppe
Boykoponura
2400
BOK010
R1b1a1b
M269
N1a1a1a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Progress 2
2389,5
PG2002


U1a1a3


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2356
ERG011


K1b2a


Russia
Not assigned
Northcaucasian final

Marinskaya 5
2350
MK5022
NA
NA



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
2339,5
SA6003
R1b1a2
V1636
U2e3a


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2330
GIN008
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
K1a


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 4
2326
RK4001
R1b1a2
V1636
U5a1i


Russia
Not assigned
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon

Ergeninskiy 1
2325
ERG012
R1?
NA
U2'3'4'7'8'9


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb

Vinsady 5
2272
VS5003





Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Kaluzhny 1
2218
KLZ001


H13a1a


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2200
BOE002





Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2163,5
GIN006
J1a2b1~
Z1842
W6


Russia
Post Catacomb
Kuban group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Pos. Kravchenko XII
2163,5
KVO009
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
H13a1a1


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
intermediate
Ginchi
2162,5
GIN003
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
U3c


Russia
Lola 1
Catacomb, late/post-Catacomb Kuban
Steppe
Boykoponura
2162
BOK011


U4d3


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Ilinskiy 1
2160
ILL001
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U4a2c


Russia
Lola 2
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zolotarëvka 1
2154,5
ZO1006
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
HV1a1a


Russia
Caucasus MBA
Kuban group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Pos. Kravchenko XII
2154
KVO008
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
N1b1a


Russia
Catacomb
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zimnyaya Stavka 1
2115,5
ZIM001
R1b1a1b
M269
H14b


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
2091
AY2005
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
T2d1b2


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zimnyaya Stavka 1
2091
ZIM002
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
T2d1b2


Russia
Post Catacomb
Alikonovka group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Kabardinskiy 9 (Kabardinka)
2088,5
KBD002


W1+119


Russia
Post Catacomb
Alikonovka group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Kabardinskiy 9 (Kabardinka)
2086
KBD001
R1b1a2
Z2103
I4a


Russia
Lola 2
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Vinsady 5
2058
VS5002


H15a1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Tipki 1
2039,5
TIP001
N2a~
P189
H101


Russia
Arkhon
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Magas-Puteprovod
2036
PUT001


I1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
2025,5
NV3001
Q1b2a
F4674
R1b


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
2025,5
NV3001_NV3002
Q1b2a1a1~
SK1937/Y6825
R1b


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2016,5
GIN001
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
K1a3


Russia
Not assigned
post-Catacomb Kuban group?

9 Nasypey
1975
9NP002


HV1a1


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Gatyn-Kale
1975
GTK001
J1a2b1b~
FGC14051/Y4405/Z18436
T2c1a


Russia
Not assigned
final Northcaucasian/post-Catacomb horizon

Komsomolec 1-Marfa
1966,5
KMM028





Russia
Highland LBA east
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
Caucasus
Kudachurt
1892
KDC001
J2b

X2i


Russia
Highland LBA east
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
Caucasus
Kudachurt
1872
KDC002


HV1a1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zolotarëvka 1
1826,5
ZO1005


U4a2c


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1821,5
GIN002
J1a2b1b2c1~
BY100/FGC14030/Y6915/ZS2926
U5a1g


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1637,5
GIN005


K1a4c1


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1633,5
GIN007
J1a
CTS5368/Z2215
U4a1


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS001





Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS003
J2a1
PF4610
U3a


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS005
G2a2b2a1a1a1b1
L1266
I4a


Russia
Srubnaya
Srubnaya
Steppe
Pos. Kravchenko XII
1567
KVO013
R1a1a1b2~
F992/S202/Z93
U5a2


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS008





Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS009
J2a
M410
T1a1


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS013


U4c1


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS014
J2a1
PF4610
U5a1g2


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 4
1349
LER005
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U8b1a2+16311


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 1
1345
LER002


H14a


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1343
SUS006





Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Steppe_Prescythian
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
1340,5
KNK006
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U2e1b


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 4
1338,5
LER004


J2a2c


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 2
1332
LER001


HV18


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Vari Berd
1330,5
LER003


U4b1a1a


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Marchenkova Gora
1289
I2051
J

H6a1a2a


Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban
Steppe
Essentukskiy 1
1116
ESY006_ESY007
R1b1a1b
M270
W4d


Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban
Steppe
Essentukskiy 1
1027
ESY009
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
W4d


Russia
Not assigned
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban

Essentukskiy 1
1027
ESY010




</tbody>

[Ajeje Brazorf]

Preliminary coordinates


Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER001__BC_1332__Cov_74.61%,0.101303 ,0.127957,-0.043369,-0.013889,-0.037853,0.00251,0.005405,-0.005769,-0.049699,-0.018588,0.003897,0.003597,-0.012636,-0.002615,0.00855,0.000133,0.00013,-0.004814,-0.00088,-0.001251,0.001373,0.001484,0.006779,-0.005904,0.00491
Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER002__BC_1345__Cov_85.26%,0.099026 ,0.129988,-0.041106,-0.014858,-0.031698,0.006136,0.003055,-0.010615,-0.046631,-0.031345,-0.005034,0.000749,-0.01115,0.001101,0.01045,-0.002917,0.001695,0.00114,0.00088,0.007754,0.00062 4,-0.000866,0.005053,0.007712,-0.001317
Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER003__BC_1330__Cov_53.41%,0.102441 ,0.121864,-0.048271,-0.010982,-0.03139,0.002231,0.006345,0.003,-0.048268,-0.018041,-0.008119,0.007194,-0.01219,-0.000826,0.0095,0.009944,0.013038,0.00152,0.002514 ,0.001626,0.002496,-0.001113,0.006655,-0.003133,0.003473
Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER004__BC_1338__Cov_12.29%,0.100164 ,0.118817,-0.039598,-0.012274,-0.038469,-0.00251,0.000705,-0.010615,-0.050517,-0.03262,0.000162,0.015436,-0.007582,-0.006331,0.006107,-0.01485,-0.001434,-0.002154,-0.007793,-0.003877,0.006613,0.007048,-0.011955,0.004458,0.012574
Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER005__BC_1349__Cov_56.29%,0.100164 ,0.128972,-0.039221,-0.018088,-0.033545,0.003904,0.000705,-0.000462,-0.051131,-0.016948,0.002761,0.005095,-0.01219,0.009909,0.010179,-0.006099,-0.012517,0.009628,-0.004777,-0.00025,0.003494,0.011005,0.006655,-0.002048,-0.001437
Georgia_Kura-Araxes_EMBA:XXX001__BC_2973__Cov_86.03%,0.097888,0 .128972,-0.073539,-0.042636,-0.048932,-0.007809,0.012926,-0.001154,-0.062175,-0.021139,0.004384,0.009292,-0.015907,0.001651,0.0076,-0.000796,0.008736,-0.001394,0.000628,-0.003001,0.009358,-0.00272,0.004683,0.000964,0.004431
Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:AO2001__BC_5814__Cov_51.14%,0.103579,0 .14319,-0.058454,-0.058463,-0.040007,-0.017012,0.00188,-0.006,-0.024543,0.004556,0.001299,0.000749,-0.009812,-0.005092,-0.015201,0.00358,0.009257,-0.000507,0.005154,-0.013882,-0.001373,0.007296,-0.01023,-0.01699,0.002395
Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO008__BC_5541__Cov_24.91%,0.103579,0 .152329,-0.064865,-0.079781,-0.017542,-0.020638,-0.00094,-0.000923,-0.014521,0.019317,-0.002273,0.001199,0.000595,0.001239,-0.016829,0.012729,0.032857,0.004687,0.002011,0.005 127,0.012603,0.01014,-0.005793,-0.002771,0.006227
Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO011__BC_5588__Cov_9.98%,0.122929,0. 142174,-0.056191,-0.08398,-0.026159,-0.031794,0.00846,0.001154,-0.019021,0.009841,0.007957,-0.001798,-0.017839,-0.001651,-0.024158,0.009016,0.031814,-0.001394,0.014581,-0.001126,-0.004492,-0.006925,-0.004314,-0.014339,-0.013891
Iran_Mazandaran_EMBA:BOE001__BC_2626__Cov_68.86%,0 .073985,0.105615,-0.107479,-0.021641,-0.075399,0.013666,0.013396,-0.001615,-0.069129,-0.028429,0.004547,-0.000899,-0.003568,-0.004129,0.015065,0.010077,-0.020731,-0.000127,0.002514,-0.025762,0.009608,-0.012118,-0.003944,-0.024823,0.013053
Iran_Mazandaran_EMBA:BOE003__BC_2749__Cov_63.48%,0 .062603,0.096475,-0.103708,-0.010659,-0.07663,0.017849,-0.001175,-0.002538,-0.065243,-0.030251,0.001299,0.006444,-0.013677,-0.00055,0.014794,0.025457,-0.009648,0.00038,0.012821,-0.023761,0.00574,-0.011747,0.000246,-0.014821,0.009939
Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS003__BC_1571__Cov_22. 32%,0.080814,0.121864,-0.060339,-0.021964,-0.030159,0.001394,0.00235,0.003692,-0.048677,-0.030251,0.003897,0.011989,-0.026313,0.009909,0.011536,-0.02612,-0.010561,-0.000127,-0.015964,0.007128,0.013476,-0.004081,-0.007272,-0.011086,0.010897
Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%,0.086506,0.114755,-0.032809,0.006137,-0.029852,0.00753,0.00517,-0.004384,-0.057676,-0.029704,-0.00406,0.003597,-0.016501,-0.000826,0.012622,-0.0118,0.000782,-0.004307,-0.00176,0.00988,0.01435,0,0.006162,-0.00964,0.00946
Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%,0.094473,0.111708,-0.019233,0.007429,-0.023697,0.008925,0.004935,0.000462,-0.042336,-0.034078,-0.00341,0,-0.016353,-0.001789,0.011401,0.000398,0.005085,-0.005321,0.004022,0.015132,0.007112,0.014838,0.003 821,-0.005422,-0.00934
Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS013__BC_1556__Cov_12. 52%,0.084229,0.119832,-0.02753,0.01292,-0.032621,0.022869,-0.00893,-0.014076,-0.052767,-0.032802,-0.004547,0.008842,-0.023786,-0.00812,0.014386,-0.023336,-0.01369,-0.008108,0.002388,0.007504,0.017968,-0.00272,0.002465,0.006989,-0.002155
Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS014__BC_1556__Cov_31. 70%,0.104717,0.118817,-0.032055,-0.001292,-0.028928,0.006414,0.00376,-0.005307,-0.051745,-0.04647,-0.002761,0.020232,-0.011596,-0.013074,0.013436,0.002652,0.023469,-0.002914,-0.015335,0.022636,0.007237,0.014715,0.003204,-0.005543,-0.003473
Russia_Chechnya_Ginchi_MLBA:GTK001__BC_1975__Cov_6 2.74%,0.100164,0.119832,-0.072784,-0.014858,-0.06832,0.008925,0.012691,-0.002538,-0.074651,-0.032256,0.003248,0.014087,-0.017542,-0.01156,0.0095,0.010475,0.019036,-0.002534,-0.001383,0.008004,0.010981,-0.005564,0.002958,-0.001928,0.006586
Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN002__BC_1821__Cov_6 0.60%,0.101303,0.118817,-0.053174,-0.007106,-0.057549,0.01004,0.010575,-0.001154,-0.082014,-0.044101,0.007957,0.009292,-0.020664,-0.01445,0.010722,0.002519,0.006128,-0.00114,-0.00993,0.005127,0.001872,-0.00779,0.005793,-0.00964,-0.000359
Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN003__BC_2162__Cov_1 6.94%,0.112685,0.119832,-0.051666,0.005814,-0.056626,0.021475,0.009635,-0.009461,-0.050722,-0.038452,-0.001137,0.001649,-0.010852,0.00234,0.013843,-0.008884,0.013951,-0.005954,-0.006285,0.013131,0.005116,0.001607,-0.006532,-0.001687,0.006347
Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN006__BC_2163__Cov_2 4.05%,0.108132,0.122879,-0.080327,-0.023256,-0.060011,-0.00753,0.01081,-0.013384,-0.085491,-0.036994,-0.002111,0.012139,-0.022596,-0.001101,0.010179,-0.010607,0.001565,-0.006841,-0.005028,-0.005127,-0.00025,-0.004946,0.007395,-0.009278,-0.003113
Russia_Ingushetia_Arkhon-Kudakhurt/postCatacomb_MLBA:PUT001__BC_2036__Cov_48.77%,0.10 927,0.105615,-0.016216,0.033269,-0.044624,0.019243,0.00658,-0.005769,-0.066879,-0.048475,0.000974,0.004496,-0.009514,-0.017891,0.023344,0.013789,-0.005476,-0.002407,0.002765,0.007253,-0.004617,0.005441,0.005176,-0.004097,0
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_LateCatacomb_EMBA:KUG006__BC_2549__Cov_20 .26%,0.097888,0.090382,0.038843,0.112405,-0.022158,0.040718,0.00188,0.010846,-0.056858,-0.071801,-0.004547,-0.001199,0.004757,-0.026974,0.035423,0.004375,-0.008996,0.008615,0.002514,0.007253,-0.002371,-0.000866,0.005423,0.011929,0.001676
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK001__BC_4445__Cov_3 8.61%,0.102441,0.108662,-0.024513,0.036499,-0.040315,0.018965,0.007755,-0.002538,-0.058903,-0.048657,0.001786,0.006294,-0.015312,-0.010872,0.016015,-0.006232,-0.003912,-0.002787,-0.00176,0.000375,0.011979,-0.006059,0.011462,0.001205,-0.003113
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK002__BC_4805__Cov_1 0.01%,0.081953,0.089367,-0.037335,0.012597,-0.032621,0.023148,0.011281,-0.011999,-0.053585,-0.007836,0.008444,0.006894,-0.017839,-0.006744,0.019951,0.001193,0.010952,-0.005954,0.005656,0.013381,0.006489,0.012613,0.000 246,-0.008435,0.013292
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_Eneolithic:KUG007__BC_4195__Cov_77 .75%,0.106994,0.073118,0.015839,0.115635,-0.05878,0.048527,-0.00329,-0.016845,-0.064425,-0.079455,0.008607,0.006145,-0.001784,-0.028075,0.040173,0.008221,-0.009388,-0.003167,-0.003645,0.007629,0.000624,0.003215,0.011955,0.015 665,-0.007784
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_LateMaykop_late_EBA_o:KUG002__BC_3 312__Cov_31.94%,0.103579,0.060932,0.013953,0.08430 3,-0.055087,0.031236,-0.020211,-0.017999,-0.05788,-0.067245,0.01429,-0.002548,-0.010406,-0.025873,0.008279,0.013657,0.00339,-0.005321,0.000251,0.000125,-0.005989,-0.000247,0.00986,0.010483,-0.001796
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_LateMaykop_late_EBA_o:KUG003__BC_3 235__Cov_80.59%,0.106994,0.074134,-0.004148,0.063308,-0.062781,0.025658,-0.00564,-0.022384,-0.055221,-0.066698,0.011042,0.00015,-0.002973,-0.018992,0.018187,-0.005834,-0.026598,-0.00114,0.000126,-0.003252,-0.010482,0.000989,0.006409,0.000964,-0.006347
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_LateMaykop_late_EBA_o:KUG004__BC_3 233__Cov_74.83%,0.094473,0.067025,0.003017,0.08365 7,-0.060011,0.026774,-0.012221,-0.023999,-0.05154,-0.068521,0.007307,-0.002098,-0.00223,-0.029726,0.022801,0.015115,-0.007823,-0.003927,-0.000126,0.007754,-0.005865,0.006554,0.013311,-0.002892,-0.008742
Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_Maykop_EBA_o:KUG005__BC_3495__Cov_ 10.99%,0.097888,0.062963,0.001508,0.069122,-0.039392,0.030399,-0.018331,-0.014999,-0.040905,-0.05376,0.00341,-0.002098,-0.00669,-0.041149,0.017372,0.023999,-0.001825,0.004941,0.016844,0.006378,-0.002995,0.006925,0.013064,0.002048,0.00012
Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%,0.1161,0.090382,0.023004,0.092055,-0.03416,0.026495,0.002585,0.007154,-0.061357,-0.059956,-0.002761,-0.0003,0.001189,-0.017065,0.034744,0.01074,-0.009127,-0.002787,0.000754,0.012381,-0.003119,0.005812,0.008874,0.005422,-0.006347
Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%,0.113823,0.08632,0.049403,0.104006,-0.028005,0.03765,0.00329,-0.008538,-0.05379,-0.071983,0.001786,0.002997,-0.013082,-0.018579,0.037459,0.014983,-0.009127,0.003167,-0.009679,0.007629,0.001123,0.011252,0.005669,0.019 039,0.002395
Russia_Kalmykia_LateCatacomb_EMBA:ERG011__BC_2356_ _Cov_11.44%,0.102441,0.085304,0.038843,0.094962,-0.028928,0.033746,-0.006815,0.013615,-0.061971,-0.067792,-0.007307,0.002698,0.005054,-0.018029,0.042752,0.009812,-0.028033,-0.015709,-0.003268,0.00963,0.008984,0.005317,0.007518,0.0184 36,-0.011496
Russia_Kalmykia_Steppe_Eneolithic:SNG001__BC_4195_ _Cov_43.62%,0.108132,0.074134,0.012445,0.104006,-0.04924,0.044623,0.00188,-0.016615,-0.071379,-0.080913,0.002436,0.004346,-0.011001,-0.019542,0.033251,0.013524,0.004694,-0.006208,-0.00993,0.004752,-0.003244,0.001113,0.011832,0.003374,-0.006347
Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%,0.10927,0.09546,0.043746,0.1069 14,-0.016926,0.040439,-0.007755,0.003461,-0.055835,-0.073623,-0.000325,0.001798,0.007284,-0.017203,0.034202,0.012331,0.015646,-0.00038,0.010307,0.012256,-0.00574,0.001855,0.005546,0.00482,-0.001796
Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%, 0.102441,0.076165,0.035072,0.100453,-0.011387,0.03765,0.013631,-0.014307,-0.049904,-0.064876,-0.009419,-0.004946,-0.000743,-0.015689,0.035287,0.015778,-0.004172,0.009628,-0.003897,0.009004,-0.001373,0.002102,0.00456,0.021931,-0.011137
Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%, 0.093335,0.084289,0.026398,0.082042,-0.017849,0.036814,0.00752,0.009692,-0.058903,-0.066516,-0.00341,0.013788,-0.011001,-0.031928,0.028908,0.005038,-0.001434,-0.004941,-0.009427,0.008629,0.001622,0.012365,0.012202,0.009 881,-0.005269
Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO008__BC_2154__Cov_17.61%,0.11 3823,0.122879,-0.029038,0.023256,-0.035699,0.022311,0.012221,-0.003,-0.057471,-0.042279,-0.001461,0.008243,-0.020515,-0.007156,0.020358,-0.000265,0.019297,0.002154,-0.007793,0.004377,-0.002121,-0.006059,0.000739,0.000602,0.000838
Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%,0.11 8376,0.100537,0.046763,0.095285,-0.032621,0.027052,0.004465,-0.014769,-0.051131,-0.073441,0.005196,-0.010641,0.003122,-0.020643,0.036237,0.002121,-0.005215,0.004687,-0.003017,-0.002376,-0.012603,0.009274,0.000123,0.020846,-0.013891
Russia_Krasnodar_LateCatacomb/PostCatacomb_Kuban_MLBA:BOK011__BC_2162__Cov_14.85 %,0.104717,0.031481,0.046009,0.145997,-0.06832,0.05271,-0.005875,-0.019153,-0.056653,-0.076904,0.024033,0.00015,0.006541,-0.042938,0.02443,0.01127,-0.019688,0.000507,-0.005279,0.010005,-0.020838,-0.00643,0.009367,0.01458,-0.005987
Russia_Krasnodar_N:SJG001__BC_6151__Cov_42.41%,0.1 0927,0.034528,0.12181,0.194124,-0.007078,0.051316,-0.031491,-0.02723,-0.003068,-0.069432,0.025333,-0.007044,0.022448,-0.049407,0.030809,0.020817,-0.000261,-0.015329,-0.010936,0.017258,-0.004243,0.013231,0.000246,-0.021449,-0.00491
Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%,0.10927,0.106631,0.046763,0.089794,0.0021 54,0.028168,-0.00188,0.000231,-0.033951,-0.046288,0.000162,0.006594,0.000149,-0.024634,0.03583,0.011668,-0.012386,-0.001014,-0.002514,0.00075,0.000125,0.007296,0.006655,0.0177 13,0.010658
Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%,0.103579,0.096475,0.009428,0.070737 ,-0.020004,0.031794,0.001645,-0.010384,-0.051949,-0.051026,0.000325,0.004046,-0.008176,-0.015827,0.024158,-0.008486,-0.000913,0.006714,-0.006913,0.008629,0.011854,0.004946,0.000739,-0.013496,0.005868
Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%,0.117238,0.08632,0.041483,0. 106591,-0.028621,0.045459,0.00141,-0.003461,-0.05379,-0.066881,-0.001137,0.001049,-0.000297,-0.021332,0.03773,0.016839,-0.005215,0.0019,-0.002011,0.004627,-0.003868,-0.000866,0.015159,0.017111,-0.00934
Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP003__BC_2796__Cov _9.89%,0.119514,0.091398,0.042615,0.094316,-0.041854,0.056336,0.0094,-0.024922,-0.0407,-0.065969,0.008119,0.009442,-0.008771,-0.001239,0.016558,0.009149,-0.017471,-0.000127,-0.030922,0.01088,-0.005241,0.005193,0.025759,0.01458,0.00467
Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP004__BC_2794__Cov _45.49%,0.120652,0.092413,0.037335,0.10013,-0.03139,0.038766,0.00376,-0.000462,-0.057471,-0.073259,0,-0.001798,-0.000149,-0.022432,0.030944,0.025192,0.004824,-0.006208,-0.00905,0.000375,-0.009234,-0.001113,0.00912,0.014098,-0.007903
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%,0.119514,0.098506,0.036581,0.117896,-0.022466,0.046854,0.002585,0.000923,-0.051949,-0.07253,-0.002923,0.001948,0.001041,-0.010872,0.025651,0.002917,-0.016298,-0.004434,-0.002011,0.007879,-0.001996,0.000124,0.004314,0.01699,-0.001317
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY001__BC_3585__ Cov_36.32%,0.086506,0.122879,-0.056945,-0.024548,-0.040315,-0.009203,0.00564,-0.011076,-0.045609,-0.014943,0.018512,0.000899,-0.001635,0.00234,0.007329,0.007292,0.008866,-0.006208,0.000754,-0.006378,0.006863,-0.001113,0.007641,-0.004579,-0.002036
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY002__BC_3585__ Cov_43.69%,0.083091,0.117801,-0.063733,-0.024548,-0.040931,-0.009761,0.005405,-0.001385,-0.041314,-0.020228,0.011042,0.005845,-0.002379,-0.003853,0.004614,0.006099,0.006519,-0.00228,0.000377,-0.006378,0.001497,0.012736,-0.00456,-0.00482,0.002155
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY003__BC_3585__ Cov_71.25%,0.094473,0.128972,-0.069767,-0.048127,-0.033545,-0.008367,0.00188,-0.005077,-0.041723,-0.013303,0.006983,0.004646,-0.011893,0.009771,0.001357,-0.001989,0.010561,-0.002027,-0.005028,0.007629,0.005615,0.004081,-0.008134,-0.008194,-0.006347
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY004__BC_3585__ Cov_26.54%,0.092197,0.125926,-0.063356,-0.052003,-0.031083,-0.006693,0.009165,-0.007846,-0.043973,-0.008383,0.001786,0.003747,-0.016055,0.006331,0.0038,-0.01538,0.009388,0.000253,-0.003897,0.000875,0.003993,0.002473,-0.017871,-0.006989,-0.01449
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY005__BC_3585__ Cov_70.73%,0.103579,0.126941,-0.059208,-0.045543,-0.042162,-0.001394,0.00705,-0.007384,-0.056244,-0.023326,0.001461,0.006145,-0.017691,-0.001927,0.002986,-0.004906,0.017341,-0.003547,-0.010433,0.019134,0.005366,-0.004946,-0.005423,0.002892,-0.004071
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VIN001__BC_3675__ Cov_15.13%,0.100164,0.139128,-0.049026,-0.033269,-0.045855,-0.003347,0.005875,-0.006,-0.055221,-0.01221,0.003897,-0.0003,-0.019177,0.004404,-0.003122,-0.007425,0.034291,-0.014316,-0.012821,0.011005,0.007986,-0.003957,0.004314,0.008917,-0.003473
Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VS5001__BC_3709__ Cov_75.11%,0.100164,0.125926,-0.054305,-0.031008,-0.036622,-0.003904,0.00282,-0.002769,-0.048268,-0.014397,-0.00341,0.007343,-0.012042,-0.004542,0.001221,-0.000265,0.027772,-0.006968,-0.012067,0.013006,0.012977,0.005193,0.004683,-0.00494,-0.00491
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM001__BC_2778__Cov_17.51%, 0.112685,0.08632,0.038843,0.108206,-0.03416,0.044901,0.000235,-0.005077,-0.052972,-0.080366,0.016888,0.001349,-0.003865,-0.020919,0.031759,0.022805,0.00352,0.007728,-0.004902,0.009505,-0.006988,0.006059,0.002835,0.018557,-0.001916
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM002__BC_2757__Cov_37.11%, 0.120652,0.084289,0.046009,0.117896,-0.031698,0.040718,0.002585,-0.014769,-0.063607,-0.073623,-0.003085,0.001349,0.000446,-0.024497,0.040445,0.025457,-0.002738,-0.000253,0.004777,0.023511,-0.000749,0.010263,0.011339,0.031209,0.002634
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM003__BC_2757__Cov_29.95%, 0.106994,0.087336,0.022627,0.108206,-0.02739,0.036535,0.008695,-0.003461,-0.051745,-0.0636,-0.008769,-0.007343,0.001784,-0.026148,0.045466,0.015115,0.004694,-0.012289,-0.008925,0.01063,-0.008235,0.00507,0.002095,0.019521,-0.006706
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM010__BC_2756__Cov_37.90%, 0.117238,0.082258,0.035449,0.093024,-0.03416,0.033746,-0.000235,0.000462,-0.058903,-0.064329,-0.00747,-0.006744,-0.006541,-0.030139,0.038545,0.016839,0.001825,-0.004054,0.005656,0.018634,-0.003369,-0.000124,0.006779,0.022895,-0.002754
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%, 0.100164,0.088351,0.033187,0.096577,-0.026159,0.035977,0.00376,-0.004846,-0.047245,-0.073077,-0.006658,-0.005095,-0.002527,-0.018579,0.030673,0.00769,-0.009388,-0.008742,0.000377,0.016133,-0.001248,-0.000247,0.013311,0.013255,-0.008023
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%, 0.117238,0.093429,0.028661,0.088825,-0.038161,0.036256,0.007755,-0.001154,-0.054403,-0.059409,0.004547,0.001649,-0.001487,-0.028213,0.038273,0.011138,-0.002347,0.001014,-0.008799,0.010755,-0.00574,0.001855,0.008627,0.02892,-0.00958
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%, 0.1161,0.096475,0.013953,0.085918,-0.029236,0.035419,0.002585,-0.003461,-0.055426,-0.063054,0.00747,0.004346,-0.004014,-0.024497,0.03108,0.020684,0.007041,-0.006081,0.001508,0.005127,0.003369,0.009769,0.013 311,0.016388,-0.000359
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM036__BC_2796__Cov_50.05%, 0.113823,0.093429,0.038089,0.103683,-0.026774,0.046017,0.001645,-0.000692,-0.050108,-0.081095,-0.009743,0.004046,-0.000892,-0.018579,0.025787,0.025457,0.001565,0.000127,-0.003897,0.005253,-0.006863,0.001978,0.007272,0.023979,-0.006706
Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%, 0.121791,0.08632,0.032055,0.099484,-0.028005,0.036814,0.001175,-0.006692,-0.065039,-0.066516,-0.002436,0.000749,-0.003568,-0.020643,0.025244,0.007292,-0.011865,0.00076,-0.005405,-0.006878,-0.014849,0.002349,0.000863,0.016267,0.001317
Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM008__BC_3227__C ov_55.16%,0.101303,0.129988,-0.063733,-0.039406,-0.042162,-0.006972,0.00799,-0.000692,-0.051949,-0.023691,-0.006983,0.007044,-0.017096,0.004542,0.006107,-0.004641,0.002347,-0.005954,-0.003017,-0.000125,0.001872,-0.007914,-0.006162,-0.004699,0.002395
Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM023__BC_3231__C ov_34.75%,0.101303,0.132019,-0.056191,-0.035853,-0.037238,-0.015618,0.00094,-0.009,-0.049495,-0.012574,-0.006171,0.005395,-0.014717,-0.003028,-0.007193,0.001724,0.007302,0.002914,-0.001383,0.001876,0.005116,-0.008285,-0.00037,-0.011086,0.00491
Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 2__BC_3830__Cov_11.71%,0.09675,0.112724,-0.027907,0.031654,-0.045547,-0.000837,0.014571,-0.011307,-0.051131,-0.037358,-0.009581,0.002847,-0.018434,-0.009909,0.006107,0.002254,0.013038,0.005954,-0.011439,0.004002,-0.000998,-0.00507,-0.003821,-0.013978,-0.000359
Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%,0.108132,0.097491,-0.022627,0.041344,-0.040315,0.02259,0.012926,-0.010153,-0.053176,-0.045195,-0.002436,0.004046,-0.010704,-0.008808,0.013436,0.002387,-0.004694,0.001394,-0.013324,-0.002626,0.005116,-0.007172,0.004683,-0.003976,0.001676
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%,0.10 6994,0.100537,0.02753,0.086564,-0.023697,0.037371,0.006345,0.001385,-0.05788,-0.061778,-0.003735,0.002098,-0.004608,-0.020506,0.026058,-0.002254,-0.004824,-0.000507,-0.001257,-0.003252,0.001622,0.015209,0.009244,0.013737,-0.010777
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:ILL001__BC_2160__Cov_20.89%,0.10 4717,0.042652,0.039221,0.149873,-0.06432,0.049921,0.001645,-0.018461,-0.039473,-0.072348,0.002923,-0.000899,0.004162,-0.039085,0.024701,0.006895,-0.022948,-0.005954,0.002011,-0.006628,-0.024332,-0.007543,0.002218,0.01205,-0.006227
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KLZ001__BC_2218__Cov_27.75%,0.10 3579,0.016248,0.045632,0.133723,-0.073552,0.047411,-0.014101,-0.026307,-0.058289,-0.06925,0.012017,-0.005245,0.00892,-0.033855,0.04058,0.022938,-0.005215,-0.002534,-0.005782,0.005753,-0.016346,0.005564,0.010969,0.005784,-0.011616
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:NV3002__BC_2025__Cov_62.52%,0.11 2685,0.041637,0.037335,0.126294,-0.05601,0.049643,-0.00893,-0.016845,-0.048881,-0.079637,0.009094,-0.006145,0.009217,-0.0417,0.030809,0.020154,0.004824,0.005448,0.00439 9,0.003252,-0.018467,0.003091,0.012325,0.012652,-0.009819
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:TIP001__BC_2039__Cov_28.71%,0.10 927,0.032497,0.033564,0.129524,-0.072937,0.047133,-0.011281,-0.023768,-0.06238,-0.080366,0.008119,0.001798,0.009068,-0.030965,0.021715,0.000928,-0.009909,0.00152,-0.007416,0.009004,-0.021213,0.010263,0.011585,0.013978,0.002155
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:VS5002__BC_2058__Cov_21.49%,0.09 7888,0.044683,0.052043,0.115312,-0.034776,0.036256,-0.012221,-0.022614,-0.045813,-0.062143,0.000812,-0.007643,0.006541,-0.038121,0.030673,0.012729,-0.001565,-0.001647,0.011439,0.014257,-0.003868,0.013849,0.014543,0.002771,-0.008502
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:ZIM002__BC_2091__Cov_60.44%,0.11 61,0.032497,0.047517,0.133723,-0.063396,0.044901,-0.012926,-0.02423,-0.052154,-0.077815,0.011854,-0.004346,0.00223,-0.040461,0.026601,0.015248,-0.004694,-0.000127,-0.002011,-0.001876,-0.021836,0.006059,0.01405,0.016147,-0.003113
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:ZO1005__BC_1826__Cov_52.6%,0.103 579,0.032497,0.034318,0.134369,-0.07109,0.046017,-0.012691,-0.016845,-0.056244,-0.076904,0.009906,0.003897,-0.001487,-0.029451,0.032437,0.002254,-0.020601,0.004434,-0.004651,0.001501,-0.021587,0.010881,0.013434,0.010242,-0.005149
Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA:ZO1006__BC_2154__Cov_57.42%,0.11 3823,0.066009,0.04186,0.125002,-0.056934,0.048527,0.003995,-0.012461,-0.05788,-0.082188,0.012017,-0.002847,0.006987,-0.027662,0.02633,0.016574,-0.019688,-0.002534,-0.003771,-0.007003,-0.019091,0.004699,0.014297,0.019521,0.006706
Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%,0.111547,0.0934 29,0.030547,0.099484,-0.021542,0.032351,0.017861,0.000231,-0.056449,-0.065241,-0.000812,0.005995,-0.006244,-0.02546,0.025244,0.022673,0.004694,0.005701,-0.013073,0.00963,-0.003494,0.010387,0.020829,0.020123,-0.020357
Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%,0.122929,0.1198 32,0.039975,0.098515,-0.029544,0.044344,-0.013396,0.007615,-0.056653,-0.070161,0.019974,0.006894,-0.012339,-0.018029,0.033251,0.001856,0.002608,-0.004561,0.006411,0.004377,-0.016221,0.002102,0.010353,0.031571,-0.007424
Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA:KST001__BC_3824__Cov_11. 25%,0.104717,0.087336,0.050157,0.101745,-0.029852,0.03765,0.009165,-0.000692,-0.053381,-0.073259,0.005034,0.003597,0.001189,-0.022983,0.041666,0.0118,-0.001695,0.003547,0.020614,0.009755,0.003743,-0.015209,0.011462,0.018798,0.003592
Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA:NV3003__BC_3714__Cov_76. 55%,0.112685,0.067025,0.021119,0.10756,-0.05201,0.035419,-0.00329,-0.019384,-0.060948,-0.072894,0.004384,-0.004646,0.002676,-0.025735,0.025787,-0.000265,-0.016037,0,-0.005782,0.00075,-0.006114,0.009645,0.015159,0.005663,-0.005269
Russia_Stavropol_Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK001__BC_2754__Cov_27.39%,0.119514, 0.083273,0.065996,0.125002,-0.025851,0.04267,0,0.004154,-0.044382,-0.061778,0.009743,-0.006145,0.007433,-0.025735,0.033794,0.018563,0.00665,-0.008361,0.006034,0.020385,-0.003244,0.003833,0.001602,0.003494,-0.004191
Russia_Stavropol_Prescythian/Koban_EIA-MLBA:ESY009__BC_1027__Cov_34.75%,0.110408,0.066009 ,0.044123,0.117896,-0.042469,0.039045,-0.01081,-0.013384,-0.050926,-0.068885,0.005034,-0.004046,0.011744,-0.030965,0.030944,0.00769,-0.009388,-0.007981,0.001885,0.011756,-0.011605,0.004699,0.006162,0.020726,-0.004431
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Eneolithic:KT6001__BC_4201 __Cov_53.40%,0.112685,0.076165,0.018102,0.106268,-0.060011,0.052431,0.003525,-0.012923,-0.070765,-0.077633,0.004872,0.002847,-0.00996,-0.02835,0.029316,0.015115,0.012517,-0.003167,-0.005908,0.010005,0.002496,-0.005812,0.016762,-0.000964,0.000958
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Eneolithic:SH3001__BC_4192 __Cov_15.93%,0.1161,0.06804,0.03017,0.12048,-0.052933,0.046854,-0.002585,-0.018922,-0.067493,-0.085833,0.013965,0.002098,-0.007136,-0.010872,0.028908,0.01485,-0.019818,-0.015836,-0.01169,0.014132,-0.002995,0.003586,0.001356,-0.003494,-0.005868
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_LateMaykop_EBA:IV3010__BC_ 3237__Cov_23.03%,0.103579,0.058901,-0.003394,0.099161,-0.075399,0.029562,-0.007285,-0.020768,-0.051745,-0.055218,0.01494,-0.007643,0.004906,-0.026836,0.032301,-0.002652,-0.026989,-0.005828,0.005154,0.004127,-0.011355,0.001855,0.01935,0.014219,-0.002634
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Maykop_EBA:AY2004__BC_3503 __Cov_49.03%,0.114961,0,0.0445,0.156333,-0.076937,0.036256,-0.015041,-0.020999,-0.055017,-0.087109,0.022247,-0.004496,0.012339,-0.045553,0.028637,0.020154,-0.009648,0.003421,-0.005279,-0.004502,-0.021587,-0.000247,0.016762,0.004699,-0.003952
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Maykop_EBA:IV3005__BC_3501 __Cov_9.51%,0.103579,0.031481,0.031678,0.148904,-0.080323,0.055499,-0.015041,-0.044998,-0.052154,-0.085469,0.019487,-0.009591,0.011447,-0.054223,0.028094,-0.006895,-0.028033,0.002914,-0.006034,-0.005253,-0.014724,-0.011129,0.027607,0.008917,-0.005508
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Prescythian/Koban_EIA-MLBA:ESY006__BC_1116__Cov_77.37%,0.114961,0.057885 ,0.048271,0.111436,-0.036314,0.047411,-0.013866,-0.017768,-0.050108,-0.075992,0.006983,0.000599,0.007284,-0.030277,0.027144,0.012861,-0.00352,-0.006208,-0.004022,0.005127,-0.004742,0.007666,0.006902,0.026148,-0.003952
Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Prescythian/Koban_EIA-MLBA:ESY007__BC_1116__Cov_10.44%,0.10927,0.055854, 0.048271,0.113697,-0.036007,0.040439,-0.023031,-0.006231,-0.064834,-0.063236,0.011042,0.015137,-0.001933,-0.043764,0.02253,0.001591,-0.008345,-0.017736,0.004148,0.001751,-0.009358,0.002473,0.020952,0.017111,-0.004071
Russia_Stavropol_Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK002__BC_2953__Cov _31.74%,0.121791,0.080227,0.033564,0.128232,-0.027697,0.048527,0.005405,-0.006231,-0.065652,-0.06925,-0.002273,0.006145,0.009068,-0.025323,0.039902,0.014585,0.001956,0.000507,-0.002263,0.001376,-0.008735,-0.000124,0.011955,0.020364,0.007185
Russia_Stavropol_Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK005__BC_2759__Cov _51.73%,0.124067,0.084289,0.038466,0.111436,-0.0397,0.039045,0.00282,-0.008538,-0.062993,-0.072712,0.001624,0.003147,-0.005946,-0.020643,0.031759,0.019888,0.004824,0.002154,-0.001885,0.004502,-0.014849,0.000989,0.006409,0.022292,-0.008502
Russia_Stavropol_Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK007__BC_2797__Cov _31.48%,0.119514,0.08632,0.033564,0.112082,-0.046778,0.046575,0.001645,-0.002308,-0.061562,-0.068703,0.003735,0.011989,-0.009366,-0.022157,0.02918,0.017104,0.003651,-0.00228,-0.005656,0.003001,-0.00836,0.006059,0.011955,0.019159,-0.014011

[celticdragongod]

Distance to: CDG_scaled
0.09994870 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.13323993 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.13361390 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%
0.14008168 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
0.14064670 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.14215037 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%
0.14234518 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%
0.14242729 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%
0.14262944 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%
0.14296774 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%
0.14296849 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%
0.14303002 Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%
0.14375613 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%
0.14445389 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%
0.14543901 Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%
0.14569658 Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%
0.14620116 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%
0.14738585 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM010__BC_2756__Cov_37.90%
0.14757520 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%
0.14881768 Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA:KST001__BC_3824__Cov_11. 25%
0.14943262 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM036__BC_2796__Cov_50.05%
0.14951130 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP004__BC_2794__Cov _45.49%
0.14962910 Russia_Kalmykia_LateCatacomb_EMBA:ERG011__BC_2356_ _Cov_11.44%
0.15009841 Russia_Stavropol_Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK001__BC_2754__Cov_27.39%
0.15032368 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_LateCatacomb_EMBA:KUG006__BC_2549__Cov_20 .26%

Target: CDG_scaled
Distance: 8.7558% / 0.08755799
80.2 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
19.8 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO011__BC_5588__Cov_9.98%

[tk'es]

Target: tk'es_scaled
Distance: 3.9149% / 0.03914904 | ADC: 0.25x RC
40.0 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA
24.6 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA
14.0 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA
12.8 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA
8.6 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Steppe_LateMaykop_late_EBA_o



Target: tk'es_scaled
Distance: 4.2190% / 0.04219019 | ADC: 1x RC
58.8 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA
41.2 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA



Distance to: tk'es_scaled
0.04979055 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER002__BC_1345__Cov_85.26%
0.04993629 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER004__BC_1338__Cov_12.29%
0.05500646 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER005__BC_1349__Cov_56.29%
0.05550022 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.05690706 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%
0.05825393 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS013__BC_1556__Cov_12. 52%
0.05903764 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER001__BC_1332__Cov_74.61%
0.06585740 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER003__BC_1330__Cov_53.41%
0.06726635 Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN003__BC_2162__Cov_1 6.94%
0.06826861 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS014__BC_1556__Cov_31. 70%
0.07130936 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK001__BC_4445__Cov_3 8.61%
0.07152970 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS003__BC_1571__Cov_22. 32%
0.07215552 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY005__BC_3585__ Cov_70.73%
0.07238206 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO008__BC_2154__Cov_17.61%
0.07258150 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM008__BC_3227__C ov_55.16%
0.07618415 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VS5001__BC_3709__ Cov_75.11%
0.07675943 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK002__BC_4805__Cov_1 0.01%
0.07711210 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 2__BC_3830__Cov_11.71%
0.07770117 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%
0.07834468 Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN002__BC_1821__Cov_6 0.60%
0.07897238 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM023__BC_3231__C ov_34.75%
0.07913907 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY001__BC_3585__ Cov_36.32%
0.07922581 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY002__BC_3585__ Cov_43.69%
0.08008924 Russia_Ingushetia_Arkhon-Kudakhurt/postCatacomb_MLBA:PUT001__BC_2036__Cov_48.77%
0.08031580 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY004__BC_3585__ Cov_26.54%

[cass]

Target: cass
Distance: 9.1336% / 0.09133575
67.0 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
24.6 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
8.4 Russia_Krasnodar_N


+
Spain_MLN:I0408__BC_3736__Cov_78.80%,0.122929,0.17 0609,0.054305,-0.035207,0.089555,-0.017012,-0.008695,-0.001154,0.065243,0.09859,-0.005196,0.012589,-0.029435,-0.018579,-0.01045,0.001061,0.012778,0.006208,0,-0.004502,0.019216,0.002102,-0.019103,-0.039524,0.000958

Target: cass
Distance: 5.3008% / 0.05300836
57.2 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA
41.6 Spain_MLN
1.2 Russia_Krasnodar_N

[R1b-L51]

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Country
Group_Name
Archaeological label (cultural affiliation)
Cluster
Site
Date_BC
Poseidon_ID
Y_Haplogroup
Terminal_SNP
MT_Haplogroup


Russia
EHG
Epipaleolithic [by date 14C Neolithic]
Steppe
Satanaj Grotto
6151,5
SJG001
R1a
M420
U4b1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo 2
5814
AO2001


T2e


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5700
ARO012


U5a1d


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5588,5
ARO011
J2a1a
F4326/L27/PF5111/S396



Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5564
ARO006
R
M207/Page37/UTY2
K1a12a1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5546
ARO013


U1a


Georgia
Georgia Neolithic
Shomutepe-Shulaveri
Caucasus
Arukhlo
5541
ARO008
H2
P96
K1b1


Russia
Eneolithic intermediate
Eneolithic
intermediate
Nalchik
4805,5
NCK002


I1b


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic relative
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4567
I2055
J
M304
R1a


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4528,5
I2056
J2a
M410
R1a


Russia
Caucasus Eneolithic relative
Eneolithic, Darkveti-Meshoko
Caucasus
Unakozovskaya
4453
I1722


R1a


Russia
Eneolithic intermediate
Eneolithic
intermediate
Nalchik
4445
NCK001
R1b1a2
V1636
T2c1a


Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Khutor Belyy
4326
KHB001





Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Khutor Belyy
4326
KHB002





Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 1 (Vonyuchka 1)
4257
VJ1001


T2a1b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Progress 2
4206
PG2001
R1b1

I3a


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 6
4201,5
KT6001
R1b1a2
V1636
K1a23


Russia
Not assigned
Steppe Eneolithic

Aygurskiy 2
4200
AY2006





Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
4195,5
KUG007
R1b1a2b
Y83069
T2a1b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Sengeleevskiy 7
4195,5
SNG001
R1b1a2
V1636
H15b


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 3
4192
SH3001


U2e2a1


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic outlier west
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Khutor Belyy
4187,5
KHB003


U5a1


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Progress 2
4143,5
PG2004
R1b1

H2


Russia
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe Eneolithic
Steppe
Bamut
4064
BMT001


U2e2a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
3874,5
SA6001


U7b


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic outlier
Early or Pre-Yamnaya
intermediate
Zolotarëvka 1
3872,5
ZO1004


U5b2


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic outlier
Early or Pre-Yamnaya
intermediate
Zolotarëvka 1
3830
ZO1002
J2b2a1
L283
U2e


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Steppe Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Konstantinovskiy 4
3824
KST001
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U4a1a


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
3716
MK5007
CT
NA
T2d1a


Russia
Late Steppe Eneolithic
Maykop/Late Steppe Eneolithic steppe
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
3714
NV3003
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U1a1a+16129


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Vinsady 5
3709
VS5001


U1a1a3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Baksanenok
3675
I1720
F
NA
HV


Russia
Maykop relative
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Vinsady 4
3675
VIN001


U1a1a3


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 1
Steppe Maykop, late/local Eneolitic
intermediate
Ipatovo 3
3621
IV3002
T1a3b
Y8614
X1'2'3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Nogir 3
3619,5
OSS001


J2a1


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY001_ESY002


K1b2


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY003_ESY004


U3b3


Russia
Maykop
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Essentukskiy 1
3585,5
ESY005
L2
L595
I4


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3583
AY2003


H2a1


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, early?
Caucasus
Klady
3574
I6268
J2a1
PF4610
R1a


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3503
AY2004


U2e1h


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
3501,5
IV3005
Q1b
M346, L56/S324



Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3495,5
KUG005
R1a1
M459
U5a1+@16192


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3446,5
KUG001


U5a2+16294


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop (Novosvobodnaya)
Caucasus
Klady
3416,5
I6267


T2c1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, early
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
3353,5
AY2001


T2e


Armenia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Kaps
3313
ARM001


R1a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3312,5
KUG002


H2a1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3279
MK5001
L2
L595
K1a4


Russia
Kura-Araxes relative
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Velikent
3250
VEK006


U4a2


Russia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Velikent
3250
VEK007_VEK009
J1
L255
U4a2


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Chalcholithic
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
3237
BOE004





Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
3237
IV3010
Q1b
M346, L56/S324
T2a2


Armenia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Kaps
3236
ARM002_ARM003
G2b
M3115
K3


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3236
MK5008
?

T1a2


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3235,5
KUG003
Q1b
M346
W3a1


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 2
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
3233
KUG004
Q1b
M346
I2


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
3231,5
KMM023
J2b2a
M241
T2c1c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
3227
KMM008


T2c1c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3225
SIJ003


U4c1


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3224,5
SIJ002
L2
L595
U4c1


Russia
Late Maykop
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Marinskaya 5
3223
MK5004
L2
L595
T2al


Russia
Steppe Maykop outlier 1
Steppe Maykop, late
intermediate
Sharakhalsun 6
3218
SA6013
R1a1
M459
I5b


Russia
Steppe Maykop
Steppe Maykop, late
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
3196,5
SA6004
Q1b2~
B28
U7b


Russia
Late Maykop relative
Maykop, late
Caucasus
Sinyukha
3176,5
SIJ001


U4c1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
3172
RK1007


T2a1


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, late (Novosvobodnaya)
Caucasus
Klady
3150
I6266
J2a1
PF4610
X2f


Russia
Maykop Novosvobodnaya
Maykop, early
Caucasus
Klady-Dlinnaya Polyana
3150
I6272
G2a2a
PF3147
U1b1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19269.73.74
J1a

K1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19270


U4c1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19271.79
J

U3b1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi II.4
3000
A19278


T2a1b2b


Russia
Not assigned
Early Bronze Age

Boykoponura
2956
BOK004





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Zolotarevka 2
2956
ZO2002


U5a1+@16192


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2955
A19268


I4


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2955
A19272


I1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2953
KNK002
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U5a1a1


Georgia
Kura-Araxes
Kura-Araxes
Caucasus
Balitshi-Dzedzvebi III.1
2900
A19277
BT

U1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Vinogradny 1 (Rostov)
2849,5
VGD001


U4c1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
2806
RK1003


R1a1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Boykoponura
2798
BOK003





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus relative
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2797,5
KNK007
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
T1a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
9 Nasypey
2796
9NP003


U5a1b


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2796
KMM036


U4d3


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
9 Nasypey
2794,5
9NP004
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U5a1a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Boykoponura
2788,5
BOK017
R1b1a1b
M269
J2b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2786,5
KMM032
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
T2a1b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2785
KMM038
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U4a1e


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ipatovo 3
2781
IV3008
I2a1b1a2
CTS10057
H15b1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2780,5
KMM030
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
H15a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Middle Bronze Age
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2778,5
KMM001


T2a1a


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
2778,5
SA6010
R1b-V1636
V1636
U5a1g


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Goryachevodskiy 2
2760,5
GW1001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U2e1b


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 1
2760
RK1001
R1b1a2
V1636
U5a1d


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2759,5
KNK005


T1a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2758,5
KMM033


H41a


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2757,5
KMM002
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
H2a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2757,5
KMM003


K1+16362


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2756
KMM010
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
U2e1b


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
2754,5
KNK001
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
U5a1g


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Goryachevodskiy 2
2754
I1723
R1b1a1b1
L23
U5b2a1a


Russia
Not assigned
Middle Bronze Age

Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2752
KMM022
NA




Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2749
BOE003
J1b*
F1614
U7a


Russia
Not assigned
by 14C Date: Northcaucasian [by grave ID: Early Iron Age, Koban]

Kammenomostskoe
2749
KMK001





Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Beliy Ugol 2
2724
BU2001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103



Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Lysogorskaya 6
2723
LYG001
R1b1a2

H13a1a2


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Vinsady 4
2722
VS2001
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U4c1


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Komsomolec 1-Marfa
2672,5
KMM015
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
J1c


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2671
MK5003
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
T2c1a2


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb, early

Boykoponura
2650
BOK014





Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Bronze Age
Steppe
Boykoponura
2650
BOK015


H13a1


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus
Bronze Age
Steppe
Boykoponura
2650
BOK016


U5a1d2


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG005


HV1a1a


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb, early

Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG007
R1b1
L754



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2650
ERG008
R1b1a1b
M269
H2


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2644
MK5009
R1b1a2
V1636
R1a1a


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2626
BOE001


HV19


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2625
MK5014


H2a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Marinskaya 5
2625
MK5025
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
H13a1a2


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 4
2568
RK4002
R1b1a2
V1636
U4d3


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2550
ERG001
R1b1a1b
M269



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Kurganniy 1
2549
KUG006
R1b1a1b
M269
K1a1


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, early
Steppe
Marinskaya 3
2525
MK3003


U4a2


Russia
Yamnaya North Caucasus relative
Early Bronze Age (Novotitarovskaya?)
Steppe
Boykoponura
2400
BOK010
R1b1a1b
M269
N1a1a1a1


Russia
North Caucasus
Northcaucasian
Steppe
Progress 2
2389,5
PG2002


U1a1a3


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Ergeninskiy 1
2356
ERG011


K1b2a


Russia
Not assigned
Northcaucasian final

Marinskaya 5
2350
MK5022
NA
NA



Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Sharakhalsun 6
2339,5
SA6003
R1b1a2
V1636
U2e3a


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2330
GIN008
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
K1a


Russia
Catacomb
Catacomb, late
Steppe
Rasshevatskiy 4
2326
RK4001
R1b1a2
V1636
U5a1i


Russia
Not assigned
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon

Ergeninskiy 1
2325
ERG012
R1?
NA
U2'3'4'7'8'9


Russia
Not assigned
Catacomb

Vinsady 5
2272
VS5003





Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Kaluzhny 1
2218
KLZ001


H13a1a


Iran
Iran BA
Iranian Early Bronze Age
Caucasus
Bozoodpey-Ghal-e Ben, Bozroodpey Tepe
2200
BOE002





Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2163,5
GIN006
J1a2b1~
Z1842
W6


Russia
Post Catacomb
Kuban group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Pos. Kravchenko XII
2163,5
KVO009
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
H13a1a1


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
intermediate
Ginchi
2162,5
GIN003
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
U3c


Russia
Lola 1
Catacomb, late/post-Catacomb Kuban
Steppe
Boykoponura
2162
BOK011


U4d3


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Ilinskiy 1
2160
ILL001
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U4a2c


Russia
Lola 2
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zolotarëvka 1
2154,5
ZO1006
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
HV1a1a


Russia
Caucasus MBA
Kuban group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Pos. Kravchenko XII
2154
KVO008
R1b1a1b1b
CTS1078/Z2103
N1b1a


Russia
Catacomb
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zimnyaya Stavka 1
2115,5
ZIM001
R1b1a1b
M269
H14b


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Aygurskiy 2
2091
AY2005
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
T2d1b2


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zimnyaya Stavka 1
2091
ZIM002
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
T2d1b2


Russia
Post Catacomb
Alikonovka group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Kabardinskiy 9 (Kabardinka)
2088,5
KBD002


W1+119


Russia
Post Catacomb
Alikonovka group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Kabardinskiy 9 (Kabardinka)
2086
KBD001
R1b1a2
Z2103
I4a


Russia
Lola 2
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Vinsady 5
2058
VS5002


H15a1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Tipki 1
2039,5
TIP001
N2a~
P189
H101


Russia
Arkhon
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
intermediate
Magas-Puteprovod
2036
PUT001


I1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
2025,5
NV3001
Q1b2a
F4674
R1b


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Nevinnomyskiy 3
2025,5
NV3001_NV3002
Q1b2a1a1~
SK1937/Y6825
R1b


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
2016,5
GIN001
J1a2b~
CTS15/Z1828
K1a3


Russia
Not assigned
post-Catacomb Kuban group?

9 Nasypey
1975
9NP002


HV1a1


Russia
Highland MBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Gatyn-Kale
1975
GTK001
J1a2b1b~
FGC14051/Y4405/Z18436
T2c1a


Russia
Not assigned
final Northcaucasian/post-Catacomb horizon

Komsomolec 1-Marfa
1966,5
KMM028





Russia
Highland LBA east
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
Caucasus
Kudachurt
1892
KDC001
J2b

X2i


Russia
Highland LBA east
Arkhon-Kudakhurt group/post-Catacomb horizon
Caucasus
Kudachurt
1872
KDC002


HV1a1


Russia
Lola 1
Lola_1/post-Catacomb horizon
Steppe
Zolotarëvka 1
1826,5
ZO1005


U4a2c


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1821,5
GIN002
J1a2b1b2c1~
BY100/FGC14030/Y6915/ZS2926
U5a1g


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1637,5
GIN005


K1a4c1


Russia
Highland LBA east
Ginchi
Caucasus
Ginchi
1633,5
GIN007
J1a
CTS5368/Z2215
U4a1


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS001





Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS003
J2a1
PF4610
U3a


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1571,5
SUS005
G2a2b2a1a1a1b1
L1266
I4a


Russia
Srubnaya
Srubnaya
Steppe
Pos. Kravchenko XII
1567
KVO013
R1a1a1b2~
F992/S202/Z93
U5a2


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS008





Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS009
J2a
M410
T1a1


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS013


U4c1


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Shushuk 50
1556,5
SUS014
J2a1
PF4610
U5a1g2


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 4
1349
LER005
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
U8b1a2+16311


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 1
1345
LER002


H14a


Russia
Not assigned
Dolmen LBA

Shushuk 50
1343
SUS006





Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Steppe_Prescythian
Steppe
Krasnogvardeyskoe
1340,5
KNK006
R1b1a1b
M269/PF6517
U2e1b


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 4
1338,5
LER004


J2a2c


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Veri Berd, Cluster 2
1332
LER001


HV18


Armenia
Caucasus LBA south
Lchashen-Metsamor
Caucasus
Lernakert-Vari Berd
1330,5
LER003


U4b1a1a


Russia
Highland LBA west
Dolmen LBA
intermediate
Marchenkova Gora
1289
I2051
J

H6a1a2a


Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban
Steppe
Essentukskiy 1
1116
ESY006_ESY007
R1b1a1b
M270
W4d


Russia
Steppe Prescythian
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban
Steppe
Essentukskiy 1
1027
ESY009
R1b1a1b1b
Z2103
W4d


Russia
Not assigned
Early Iron Age, Prescythian/Koban

Essentukskiy 1
1027
ESY010




</tbody>

As a summary the original EEF of Iberia defecated the Yamnaya to the core, cornering them in the west of the peninsula (where over the centuries they mixed with resident tribes of Iberians and Neolithic Berber shepherds), which in the same way happened in Italy where the CHG mixed with the Yamnaya (they were not conquered but ended up uniting, while some like the Etruscans EEF+CHG had managed not to mix with the Yamnaya until the Sabines united with the other Romans), in a similar way the Nordics WGH regained their status by coming down from the mountains to push the yamnaya.
Now the only purer yamnaya are the French, but in reality they are already Africans, and Europe is going to hell. End of quote.

[R1b-L51]

Target: ROBERTOFERN_scaled
Distance: 10.1811% / 0.10181095
51.8 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
42.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
5.6 Russia_Krasnodar_N

Target: ROBERTOFERN_scaled
Distance: 10.1811% / 0.10181095
49.4 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO008__BC_5541__Cov_24.91%
42.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
5.6 Russia_Krasnodar_N:SJG001__BC_6151__Cov_42.41%
2.4 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO011__BC_5588__Cov_9.98%


Distance to: ROBERTOFERN_scaled
0.13612914 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.14390086 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER005__BC_1349__Cov_56.29%
0.14593435 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER001__BC_1332__Cov_74.61%
0.14597099 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER002__BC_1345__Cov_85.26%
0.14634797 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER003__BC_1330__Cov_53.41%
0.14764764 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%
0.14982267 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS013__BC_1556__Cov_12. 52%
0.15092971 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER004__BC_1338__Cov_12.29%
0.15444084 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:AO2001__BC_5814__Cov_51.14%
0.15455898 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM023__BC_3231__C ov_34.75%
0.15491983 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.15561016 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK002__BC_4805__Cov_1 0.01%
0.15573321 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS014__BC_1556__Cov_31. 70%
0.15616949 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VS5001__BC_3709__ Cov_75.11%
0.15632917 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 2__BC_3830__Cov_11.71%
0.15734812 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO008__BC_2154__Cov_17.61%
0.15800428 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY001__BC_3585__ Cov_36.32%
0.15857167 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY004__BC_3585__ Cov_26.54%
0.15942718 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO008__BC_5541__Cov_24.91%
0.15999853 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS003__BC_1571__Cov_22. 32%
0.16154110 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY002__BC_3585__ Cov_43.69%
0.16184199 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.16252112 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%
0.16264083 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY003__BC_3585__ Cov_71.25%
0.16304678 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VIN001__BC_3675__ Cov_15.13%

H2 Y-Haplogroup from ARO008 is GYPSY??

[celticdragongod]

Target: cass
Distance: 9.1336% / 0.09133575
67.0 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
24.6 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
8.4 Russia_Krasnodar_N



Target: cass
Distance: 5.3008% / 0.05300836
57.2 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA
41.6 Spain_MLN
1.2 Russia_Krasnodar_N

Distance to: CDG_scaled
0.09994870 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.13323993 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.13361390 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%
0.14008168 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
0.14064670 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.14215037 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%
0.14234518 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%
0.14242729 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%
0.14262944 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%
0.14296774 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%
0.14296849 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%
0.14303002 Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%
0.14375613 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%
0.14445389 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%
0.14543901 Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%
0.14569658 Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%
0.14620116 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%
0.14738585 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM010__BC_2756__Cov_37.90%
0.14757520 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%
0.14881768 Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA:KST001__BC_3824__Cov_11. 25%
0.14943262 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM036__BC_2796__Cov_50.05%
0.14951130 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP004__BC_2794__Cov _45.49%
0.14962910 Russia_Kalmykia_LateCatacomb_EMBA:ERG011__BC_2356_ _Cov_11.44%
0.15009841 Russia_Stavropol_Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK001__BC_2754__Cov_27.39%
0.15032368 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_LateCatacomb_EMBA:KUG006__BC_2549__Cov_20 .26%

Target: CDG_scaled
Distance: 4.3535% / 0.04353527
38.8 Spain_MLN:I0408__BC_3736__Cov_78.80%
28.8 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
16.8 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
15.6 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%

[Athalafuns]

...

Target: RNB27
Distance: 2.6319% / 0.02631911
55.2 Spain_MLN
13.4 Russia_Kalmykia_LateCatacomb_EMBA
12.4 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA
6.8 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA
5.0 Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA
3.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA
3.4 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
0.2 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N

Target: RNB27
Distance: 2.7700% / 0.02770020 | ADC: 0.25x RC
49.8 Spain_MLN
33.2 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
17.0 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA

Target: RNB27
Distance: 2.9227% / 0.02922700 | ADC: 0.5x RC
50.0 Spain_MLN
30.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
19.4 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA

Target: RNB27
Distance: 4.8371% / 0.04837078 | ADC: 2x RC
51.2 Spain_MLN
48.8 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA

[Anatolya]

Kavkaz pride worldwide i guess?

Target: Anatolya_scaled
Distance: 2.3729% / 0.02372883
46.4 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
16.6 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA
12.6 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA
10.4 Iran_Mazandaran_EMBA
8.8 Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_LateMaykop_EBA
2.2 Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Maykop_EBA
1.6 Russia_Krasnodar_N
1.4 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA

Distance to: Anatolya_scaled
0.03812601 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY002__BC_3585__ Cov_43.69%
0.04144996 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY001__BC_3585__ Cov_36.32%
0.04160258 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY003__BC_3585__ Cov_71.25%
0.04369412 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM023__BC_3231__C ov_34.75%
0.04751457 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY004__BC_3585__ Cov_26.54%
0.04851947 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM008__BC_3227__C ov_55.16%
0.04910438 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER001__BC_1332__Cov_74.61%
0.05038919 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER003__BC_1330__Cov_53.41%
0.05204864 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VS5001__BC_3709__ Cov_75.11%
0.05357580 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:AO2001__BC_5814__Cov_51.14%
0.05448631 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER005__BC_1349__Cov_56.29%
0.05576591 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER002__BC_1345__Cov_85.26%
0.05823157 Georgia_Kura-Araxes_EMBA:XXX001__BC_2973__Cov_86.03%
0.05833146 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY005__BC_3585__ Cov_70.73%
0.06038162 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER004__BC_1338__Cov_12.29%
0.06633265 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS003__BC_1571__Cov_22. 32%
0.06908880 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VIN001__BC_3675__ Cov_15.13%
0.07414839 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%
0.07723590 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.08178133 Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN003__BC_2162__Cov_1 6.94%
0.08245518 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO008__BC_5541__Cov_24.91%
0.08375571 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK002__BC_4805__Cov_1 0.01%
0.08483407 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS014__BC_1556__Cov_31. 70%
0.08560877 Russia_Chechnya_Ginchi_MLBA:GTK001__BC_1975__Cov_6 2.74%
0.08761407 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO011__BC_5588__Cov_9.98%

[Leto]

1. Genetic Differentiation and Early Hunter-Gatherer Populations:
- The study highlights a clear genetic division between the northern and southern Caucasus populations dating back to the Mesolithic period. Populations north of the Caucasus showed Eastern European hunter-gatherer (EHG) ancestry, while those in the south exhibited Caucasus hunter-gatherer (CHG) ancestry, with increasing influence from East Anatolian farming communities in later periods.

Do they mean ancient populations or modern? If so, they basically prove that the North Caucasus has much more "North European" than those to the south.

[Vessna]

Target: Vessna_scaled
Distance: 10.3974% / 0.10397426
53.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
25.6 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:ARO011__BC_5588__Cov_9.98%
20.8 Russia_Krasnodar_N:SJG001__BC_6151__Cov_42.41%

Distance to: Vessna_scaled
0.11347735 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.13482198 Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%
0.13534890 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%
0.13782194 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%
0.13784406 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.13928122 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%
0.13932076 Russia_Stavropol_Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK001__BC_2754__Cov_27.39%
0.13983076 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%
0.14009638 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%
0.14258937 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%
0.14296781 Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%
0.14361267 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM036__BC_2796__Cov_50.05%
0.14382657 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
0.14425010 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP004__BC_2794__Cov _45.49%
0.14434360 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%
0.14556487 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%
0.14633597 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP003__BC_2796__Cov _9.89%
0.14662659 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_LateCatacomb_EMBA:KUG006__BC_2549__Cov_20 .26%
0.14683981 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%
0.14714521 Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%
0.14786948 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%
0.14812659 Russia_Stavropol_Maykop/LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA:KST001__BC_3824__Cov_11. 25%
0.14861429 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%
0.15073269 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM010__BC_2756__Cov_37.90%
0.15132476 Russia_Kalmykia_LateCatacomb_EMBA:ERG011__BC_2356_ _Cov_11.44%

[Altaylardan Tunaya]

Target: Ice_scaled
Distance: 5.7828% / 0.05782760
55.8 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
23.6 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic
17.0 Russia_Stavropol_Steppe_Maykop_EBA
3.6 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_MLBA

Distance to: Ice_scaled
0.08010499 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER003__BC_1330__Cov_53.41%
0.08159463 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY002__BC_3585__ Cov_43.69%
0.08390898 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK002__BC_4805__Cov_1 0.01%
0.08462721 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.08468119 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY001__BC_3585__ Cov_36.32%
0.08600267 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VS5001__BC_3709__ Cov_75.11%
0.08614957 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER001__BC_1332__Cov_74.61%
0.08920370 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER002__BC_1345__Cov_85.26%
0.08956074 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM023__BC_3231__C ov_34.75%
0.08970142 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER004__BC_1338__Cov_12.29%
0.09165749 Armenia_Lchashen-Metsamor_MLBA:LER005__BC_1349__Cov_56.29%
0.09213742 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%
0.09226322 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY003__BC_3585__ Cov_71.25%
0.09305897 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY004__BC_3585__ Cov_26.54%
0.09534611 Russia_Stavropol_LateMaykop_EBA:KMM008__BC_3227__C ov_55.16%
0.09535276 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:ESY005__BC_3585__ Cov_70.73%
0.09876394 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS014__BC_1556__Cov_31. 70%
0.10168003 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 2__BC_3830__Cov_11.71%
0.10199725 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N:AO2001__BC_5814__Cov_51.14%
0.10208008 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyMaykop_EBA:VIN001__BC_3675__ Cov_15.13%
0.10314036 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS003__BC_1571__Cov_22. 32%
0.10404367 Georgia_Kura-Araxes_EMBA:XXX001__BC_2973__Cov_86.03%
0.10516100 Russia_Dagestan_Ginchi_MLBA:GIN003__BC_2162__Cov_1 6.94%
0.11001279 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS013__BC_1556__Cov_12. 52%
0.11021949 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%

[Ajeje Brazorf]

Do they mean ancient populations or modern? If so, they basically prove that the North Caucasus has much more "North European" than those to the south.

North Caucasus was and still is definitely more northward shifted than South Caucasus, but I wouldn't say it is more "North European".

Below is a complete list of all the samples (I hope I haven't forgotten any):

North Caucasus: https://pastebin.com/raw/bahVxyNR

South Caucasus: https://pastebin.com/raw/gsydrSPp

[unmoggable]

Target: unmoggable
Distance: 7.7606% / 0.07760570
74.6 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
25.4 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N

0.09851331 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.12522029 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.12708151 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.12984114 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%
0.13731634 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%
0.13883087 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%
0.13916174 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%
0.13939582 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%
0.13952901 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO008__BC_2154__Cov_17.61%
0.13956816 Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%
0.14003529 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%
0.14052747 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%
0.14058712 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
0.14089974 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%
0.14108189 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%
0.14285795 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK001__BC_4445__Cov_3 8.61%
0.14318927 Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%
0.14362574 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS013__BC_1556__Cov_12. 52%
0.14423992 Russia_Ingushetia_Arkhon-Kudakhurt/postCatacomb_MLBA:PUT001__BC_2036__Cov_48.77%
0.14432166 Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%
0.14475123 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%
0.14492793 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM010__BC_2756__Cov_37.90%
0.14510279 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%
0.14543317 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%
0.14599822 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS005__BC_1571__Cov_31. 32%

[Leto]

North Caucasus was and still is definitely more northward shifted than South Caucasus, but I wouldn't say it is more "North European".

Below is a complete list of all the samples (I hope I haven't forgotten any):

North Caucasus: https://pastebin.com/raw/bahVxyNR

South Caucasus: https://pastebin.com/raw/gsydrSPp
On Gedmatch Chechens, Dagestanis, etc. would score a lot of North European, Baltic, North Atlantic etc. That's what I was basically referring to.

Thanks for the samples.

[Wend-Kruzek]

Target: Kruzek_scaled
Distance: 8.9537% / 0.08953710
62.8 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA
27.8 Georgia_Shomutepe-Shulaveri_N
9.4 Russia_Krasnodar_N

Distance to: Kruzek_scaled
0.10644283 Russia_Krasnodar_Srubnaya_MLBA:KVO013__BC_1567__Co v_32.54%
0.12604848 Russia_Krasnodar_Steppe_Eneolithic_o:KHB003__BC_41 87__Cov_32.03%
0.13144157 Russia_Stavropol_Lola-1/PostCatacomb_EMBA:ZIM001__BC_2115__Cov_12.94%
0.13574438 Russia_Adygea_Dolmen_MLBA:SUS009__BC_1556__Cov_19. 96%
0.13975475 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO009__BC_2163__Cov_11.98%
0.14029462 Russia_Stavropol_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:IV3008__BC_278 1__Cov_54.56%
0.14036681 Russia_Kalmykia_Catacomb_EMBA:ERG001__BC_2550__Cov _25.74%
0.14091951 Russia_Kalmykia_Yamnaya_EarlyMaykop_EMBA:VGD001__B C_2849__Cov_21.38%
0.14133671 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM030__BC_2780__Cov_43.14%
0.14212138 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK015__BC_2650__Cov_12.12%
0.14263160 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-6_EMBA:MK5014__BC_2625__Cov_10.11%
0.14291738 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM033__BC_2758__Cov_69.21%
0.14335529 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:VS2001__BC_2722__Cov_39.11%
0.14431424 Russia_Stavropol_LateSteppe_Eneolithic_EBA_o:ZO100 4__BC_3872__Cov_48.41%
0.14501286 Russia_Krasnodar_EMBA:BOK016__BC_2650__Cov_12.21%
0.14562224 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP003__BC_2796__Cov _9.89%
0.14571685 Russia_Stavropol_Marinskaya-5_EMBA:MK5003__BC_2671__Cov_19.88%
0.14577421 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM032__BC_2786__Cov_68.67%
0.14615318 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:BOK017 __BC_2788__Cov_70.59%
0.14690552 Russia_Kalmykia_EarlyCatacomb_EMBA:ERG005__BC_2650 __Cov_47.25%
0.14718686 Russia_Krasnodar_Yamnaya_EMBA:9NP004__BC_2794__Cov _45.49%
0.14767932 Russia_Kabardino-Balkaria_Nalchik_Eneolithic:NCK001__BC_4445__Cov_3 8.61%
0.14812783 Russia_Stavropol_EMBA:KMM036__BC_2796__Cov_50.05%
0.14825583 Russia_Stavropol_Novotitorovskaya/Yamnaya_EMBA:KNK001__BC_2754__Cov_27.39%
0.14827850 Russia_Krasnodar_Kuban/PostCatacomb_MLBA:KVO008__BC_2154__Cov_17.61%

[Peterski]

Preliminary coordinates

Do you have the genotype data for this study in bed/bim/fam format?