Slavic ethnogenesis over the centuries

[cass]

Using all available samples, (https://www.theapricity.com/forum/showthread.php?391412-quot-Proto-Slavs-quot-map&p=8141723&viewfull=1#post8141723) I tried to recreate the sequence of events that influenced the ethnogenesis of the early Slavic population of Poland. Of course, in large areas of Europe we still have archaeological gaps related to the dominant cremation rite. However, due to the huge number of samples, it is possible to reconstruct the chronology of events, even assuming that a significant part of the samples are outliers in other populations.


The main turning points are Sredny Stog/Yamnaya, Fatyanovo, Estonian CordedWare, Unetice?, Trzciniec, Knoviz (possibly Lusatian Culture). The further location is rather speculative. It is possible that some of them still lived in Poland or further east.

The key fact is the relatively low correlation with the Baltic samples. The reasons for this phenomenon may be various. There are many indications that until the fall of the Lusatian Culture, the Slavs lived west of the Balts. It is possible that the Balto-Slavic differentiation occurred in the Trzciniec era. This is consistent with the theses of Russian linguists (1200BC).
https://i.ibb.co/1ZRWkWj/Zrzut-ekranu-10-1-2025-124545-www-youtube-com.jpg (https://ibb.co/mJhW3Wg)



The hypothesis about the coexistence of Goths and Slavs around the year 300 can be justified. Whether it took place in Poland or Ukraine is debatable. The fact is a large number of early Slavic outliers present in Serbia, Hungary, among the Scythians and, as L.Vyazov (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGmSY_Ie0Sc)suggests, on the Lower Don and Volga.
Therefore, it should be concluded that it was a large and spread population much earlier than it would appear from historic records. This can be proven by the huge scale of migration in the early Middle Ages (from Scandinavia to Greece and Central Germany).


I will venture a thesis that this is a conservative population, as evidenced by strong references to previous eras - Trzciniec or Knoviz.



I present this as a hypothesis for discussion. We may as well consider the indigenous Belarusian or Northern Ukrainian hypothesis or the eastern: Scythian-Estonian hypothesis.
However, so far there is weak genetic evidence for this.


1400AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.2963% / 0.00296294 | ADC: 0.5x RC
26.0 Russia_Viking_o.SG:VK160.SG__AD_1100__Cov_84.03%
20.4 Russia_Sunghir_Medieval.SG:Sunghir6.SG__AD_1137__C ov_99.10%
10.2 Sweden_Viking.SG:VK397.SG__AD_1050__Cov_77.27%
9.0 Germany_MA_Krakauer_Berg:KRA010__AD_1329__Cov_63.3 4%
8.8 Germany_MA_Krakauer_Berg:KRA009__AD_1206__Cov_66.3 6%
6.4 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
6.2 Germany_MA_Krakauer_Berg:KRA001__AD_1138__Cov_54.9 7%
6.2 Germany_MA_Krakauer_Berg:KRA002__AD_1255__Cov_43.3 8%
5.6 Poland_Dziekanowice_IA.SG:PCA0354.SG__AD_1100__Cov _52.28%
1.0 Denmark_Viking.SG:VK340.SG__AD_875__Cov_49.78%
0.2 Poland_Niemcza_IA.SG:PCA0122.SG__AD_950__Cov_31.43 %

1000AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.3939% / 0.00393897 | ADC: 0.5x RC
16.8 Hungary_Avar.AG:RKO013.AG__AD_737__Cov_78.25%
13.6 Poland_Viking.SG:VK156.SG__AD_1000__Cov_63.49%
10.4 Poland_Markowice_IA.SG:PCA0156.SG__AD_948__Cov_9.7 8%
10.2 Denmark_Viking.SG:VK340.SG__AD_875__Cov_49.78%
9.8 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
9.4 Czechia_Medieval.AG:I20515.AG__AD_941__Cov_26.94%
8.6 Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS03__AD_85 0__Cov_79.44%
7.2 Poland_Niemcza_IA.SG:PCA0122.SG__AD_950__Cov_31.43 %
6.0 Denmark_Viking.SG:VK139.SG__AD_950__Cov_45.19%
4.2 Hungary_Avar_5_daughter.or.mother.AV1.AG:AV2.AG__A D_602__Cov_68.94%
2.6 Austria_Medieval.TW:I15232.TW__AD_838__Cov_97.17%
1.2 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%

700AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.7158% / 0.00715789 | ADC: 0.5x RC
23.6 Hungary_Avar_5.AG:AV1.AG__AD_590__Cov_71.71%
19.4 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
16.4 Hungary_EarlyAvar.AG:RKF106.AG__AD_625__Cov_47.30%
14.6 Hungary_EMiddleAvar.AG:RKF188.AG__AD_650__Cov_84.3 2%
13.2 Russia_IA_Ingria.SG:s19_VIII9_1.SG__AD_137__Cov_25 .59%
5.6 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
4.4 Germany_Hassleben_Germanic_oNorthernEurope.SG:R118 75.SG__AD_450__Cov_55.19%
2.2 Croatia_Mursa_Roman.SG:R3657.SG__AD_282__Cov_44.65 %
0.6 Hungary_Avar_5_daughter.or.mother.AV1.AG:AV2.AG__A D_602__Cov_68.94%

500AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.7504% / 0.00750443 | ADC: 0.5x RC
32.6 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
13.4 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o3.AG:I25509.AG__BC_181__Cov_74. 76%
11.6 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
10.0 Lithuania_LateAntiquity.SG:DA171.SG__AD_350__Cov_1 3.13%
10.0 Germany_Hassleben_Germanic_oNorthernEurope.SG:R118 75.SG__AD_450__Cov_55.19%
8.2 Serbia_Roman.SG:R6759.SG__AD_161__Cov_62.69%
8.2 Poland_Kowalewko_Wielbark_IA.SG:PCA0002.SG__AD_200 __Cov_8.30%
6.0 Poland_Maslomecz_Wielbark_IA.SG:PCA0103.SG__AD_194 __Cov_74.66%

300AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.8975% / 0.00897495 | ADC: 0.5x RC
27.2 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
17.0 Serbia_Roman.SG:R6759.SG__AD_161__Cov_62.69%
14.8 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o3.AG:I25509.AG__BC_181__Cov_74. 76%
14.6 Poland_Maslomecz_Wielbark_IA.SG:PCA0103.SG__AD_194 __Cov_74.66%
9.2 Poland_Kowalewko_Wielbark_IA.SG:PCA0002.SG__AD_200 __Cov_8.30%
8.8 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
3.6 Ukraine_Kharkiv_Scythian_SivDon_NomEl_3_EIA:UKR116 __BC_645__Cov_46.54%
3.0 Italy_Sicily_Himera_480BCE_NEurope.AG:I10949.AG__B C_480__Cov_49.60%
1.4 Russia_IA_Ingria.SG:s19_VIII9_1.SG__AD_137__Cov_25 .59%
0.4 Serbia_Roman_elite_1.SG:R9673.SG__AD_150__Cov_67.3 9%

100AD
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.0446% / 0.01044617 | ADC: 0.5x RC
29.8 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
17.6 Lithuania_BA.AG:Turlojiske3.AG__BC_896__Cov_40.91%
12.4 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
12.0 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o3.AG:I25509.AG__BC_181__Cov_74. 76%
8.0 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
5.2 Lithuania_Mesolithic_contam.AG:DON005.AG__BC_6423_ _Cov_25.34%
5.2 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
4.4 Ukraine_Kharkiv_Scythian_SivDon_NomEl_3_EIA:UKR116 __BC_645__Cov_46.54%
4.2 Estonia_IA.SG:s19_V12_1.SG__BC_154__Cov_22.35%
1.2 Italy_Sicily_Himera_480BCE_NEurope.AG:I10949.AG__B C_480__Cov_49.60%

100BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 0.9481% / 0.00948089 | ADC: 0.5x RC
36.2 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
13.6 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o3.AG:I25509.AG__BC_181__Cov_74. 76%
11.2 Lithuania_BA.AG:Turlojiske3.AG__BC_896__Cov_40.91%
10.0 Ukraine_Kharkiv_Scythian_SivDon_NomEl_3_EIA:UKR116 __BC_645__Cov_46.54%
9.8 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
9.4 Estonia_BA.SG:s19_X11_1.SG__BC_956__Cov_20.96%
8.4 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
1.4 Slovakia_IA_Vekerzug.AG:I12106.AG__BC_664__Cov_56. 93%

300BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.0297% / 0.01029713 | ADC: 0.5x RC
33.6 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
20.4 Hungary_IA_LaTene_o.AG:I18226.AG__BC_345__Cov_65.6 6%
12.8 Estonia_BA.SG:s19_X11_1.SG__BC_956__Cov_20.96%
12.0 Slovakia_IA_Vekerzug.AG:I12106.AG__BC_664__Cov_56. 93%
11.2 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
10.0 Ukraine_Kharkiv_Scythian_SivDon_NomEl_3_EIA:UKR116 __BC_645__Cov_46.54%

500BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.0831% / 0.01083139 | ADC: 0.5x RC
41.0 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
13.0 Ukraine_Kharkiv_Scythian_SivDon_NomEl_3_EIA:UKR116 __BC_645__Cov_46.54%
12.6 Lithuania_BA.AG:Turlojiske3.AG__BC_896__Cov_40.91%
12.0 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
10.4 Latvia_BA.AG:Kivutkalns25.AG__BC_687__Cov_59.79%
7.4 Ukraine_Kyiv_Scythian_RightDnipro_IllThr_EIA:UKR04 4__BC_650__Cov_36.39%
3.6 Ukraine_Mykolaiv_Antiquity_Greeks?_2_EIA:UKR153__B C_573__Cov_42.28%

700BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.0914% / 0.01091419 | ADC: 0.5x RC
47.6 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
14.2 Lithuania_BA.AG:Turlojiske3.AG__BC_896__Cov_40.91%
13.2 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
8.0 Estonia_BA.SG:s19_X11_1.SG__BC_956__Cov_20.96%
7.0 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz545_2__BC_1260__Cov_9.10%
4.8 Germany_Tollense_BA_o2.SG:WEZ56.SG__BC_1250__Cov_8 .44%
4.4 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
0.8 Czechia_EBA_Unetice_o.AG:VLI051.AG__BC_1771__Cov_4 0.17%

900BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.1084% / 0.01108421 | ADC: 0.5x RC
48.2 Czechia_LBA_Knoviz.AG:I16089.AG__BC_1050__Cov_70.0 8%
13.8 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
10.2 Estonia_BA.SG:s19_X15_2.SG__BC_1087__Cov_28.35%
8.0 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz545_2__BC_1260__Cov_9.10%
6.0 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
5.2 Germany_Tollense_BA_o2.SG:WEZ56.SG__BC_1250__Cov_8 .44%
4.4 Estonia_BA.SG:s19_X11_1.SG__BC_956__Cov_20.96%
3.6 Czechia_EBA_Unetice_o.AG:VLI051.AG__BC_1771__Cov_4 0.17%
0.6 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz554__BC_1394__Cov_43.58%

1100BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.1339% / 0.01133910 | ADC: 0.5x RC
31.4 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz554__BC_1394__Cov_43.58%
19.8 Croatia_MLBA.AG:I18723.AG__BC_1150__Cov_52.21%
18.4 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz711__BC_1471__Cov_34.63%
9.0 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz545_2__BC_1260__Cov_9.10%
8.4 Croatia_MLBA.AG:I18721.AG__BC_1150__Cov_55.13%
8.2 Hungary_EBA_Kisapostag:S6__BC_1900__Cov_10.90%
4.0 Czechia_EBA_Unetice.AG:VLI050.AG__BC_1846__Cov_61. 59%
0.8 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz663__BC_1526__Cov_13.67%


1300BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.6106% / 0.01610631 | ADC: 0.5x RC
24.4 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz711__BC_1471__Cov_34.63%
23.8 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz554__BC_1394__Cov_43.58%
15.2 Hungary_EBA_Kisapostag:S6__BC_1900__Cov_10.90%
13.4 Hungary_Füzesabony_MBA:I11661__BC_1950__Cov_27.92%
10.8 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
7.2 Germany_EBA_Unetice.AG:LEU037.AG__BC_1950__Cov_8.1 7%
5.2 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz663__BC_1526__Cov_13.67%

1500BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.6706% / 0.01670621 | ADC: 0.5x RC
24.2 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
21.4 Hungary_Füzesabony_MBA:I11661__BC_1950__Cov_27.92%
21.0 Czechia_EBA_Unetice_o.AG:VLI051.AG__BC_1771__Cov_4 0.17%
12.8 Germany_EBA_Unetice.AG:LEU037.AG__BC_1950__Cov_8.1 7%
9.6 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz650__BC_1537__Cov_15.47%
8.8 Poland_Trzciniec_MBA:poz663__BC_1526__Cov_13.67%
2.2 Estonia_CordedWare.SG:EKA1.SG__BC_2245__Cov_86.69%

1700BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 1.7676% / 0.01767649 | ADC: 0.5x RC
30.2 Czechia_EBA_Unetice_o.AG:VLI051.AG__BC_1771__Cov_4 0.17%
19.4 Hungary_Füzesabony_MBA:I11661__BC_1950__Cov_27.92%
18.8 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
14.6 Germany_EBA_Unetice.AG:LEU037.AG__BC_1950__Cov_8.1 7%
10.2 Estonia_CordedWare.SG:EKA1.SG__BC_2245__Cov_86.69%
6.0 Hungary_EBA_Kisapostag:S6__BC_1900__Cov_10.90%
0.8 Hungary_MBA_Fuzesabony.AG:I20750.AG__BC_1950__Cov_ 45.24%

1900BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 2.1415% / 0.02141483 | ADC: 0.5x RC
38.8 Estonia_CordedWare.SG:EKA1.SG__BC_2245__Cov_86.69%
21.8 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
11.2 Germany_EBA_Unetice.AG:LEU037.AG__BC_1950__Cov_8.1 7%
10.6 Serbia_Mokrin_EBA_Maros.SG:MOK28A.SG__BC_1950__Cov _68.97%
8.0 Hungary_EBA_Kisapostag:S45__BC_2090__Cov_14.13%
5.6 Hungary_EBA_Kisapostag:S11__BC_2090__Cov_12.58%
4.0 Hungary_MBA_Fuzesabony.AG:I20750.AG__BC_1950__Cov_ 45.24%

2100BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 2.2933% / 0.02293294 | ADC: 0.5x RC
43.0 Estonia_CordedWare.SG:EKA1.SG__BC_2245__Cov_86.69%
19.8 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
17.2 Serbia_IronGates_MBA.AG:I5243.AG__BC_2356__Cov_73. 94%
14.4 Bulgaria_EBA.AG:I19462.AG__BC_2500__Cov_7.92%
5.6 Poland_CordedWare_1.SG:N49.SG__BC_2425__Cov_89.52%

2300BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 2.9888% / 0.02988762 | ADC: 0.5x RC
43.0 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:I4136.AG__BC_2300__Cov_21.95 %
21.6 Poland_CordedWare_1.SG:N49.SG__BC_2425__Cov_89.52%
19.6 Russia_Ivanovo_Fatyanovo_BA.SG:MIL001.SG__BC_2544_ _Cov_15.62%
15.8 Serbia_IronGates_MBA.AG:I5243.AG__BC_2356__Cov_73. 94%


2500BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 4.4017% / 0.04401656 | ADC: 0.5x RC
43.8 Russia_Ivanovo_Fatyanovo_BA.SG:MIL001.SG__BC_2544_ _Cov_15.62%
20.0 Ukraine_N_oHG.AG:I5882.AG__BC_3055__Cov_35.88%
17.8 Bulgaria_EBA_o2.AG:I2165.AG__BC_2960__Cov_73.94%
10.0 Ukraine_Dnieper_EBA.SG:NEO509.SG__BC_2719__Cov_90. 08%
5.6 Bulgaria_Yunatsite_EBA.AG:YUN041.AG__BC_2758__Cov_ 65.87%
2.8 Ukraine_Eneolithic_SeredniiStih_oHG.AG:I4110.AG__B C_3444__Cov_51.75%


2700BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 4.6911% / 0.04691119 | ADC: 0.5x RC
38.8 Bulgaria_Yunatsite_EBA.AG:YUN041.AG__BC_2758__Cov_ 65.87%
30.2 Ukraine_Eneolithic_SeredniiStih_oHG.AG:I4110.AG__B C_3444__Cov_51.75%
17.0 Ukraine_Dnieper_EBA.SG:NEO509.SG__BC_2719__Cov_90. 08%
7.0 Ukraine_N_oHG.AG:I5882.AG__BC_3055__Cov_35.88%
7.0 Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya.AG:I18794.AG__BC_2807__Cov_34 .43%

2900BC
Target: Polish_Medieval_Average(n=62)
Distance: 4.9331% / 0.04933132 | ADC: 0.5x RC
27.8 Bulgaria_EBA_o2.AG:I2165.AG__BC_2960__Cov_73.94%
24.2 Ukraine_Eneolithic_SeredniiStih_oHG.AG:I4110.AG__B C_3444__Cov_51.75%
23.2 Ukraine_N_oHG.AG:I5882.AG__BC_3055__Cov_35.88%
15.0 Ukraine_CernavodaI_Kartal_C.AG:KTL001.AG__BC_3426_ _Cov_55.78%
7.0 Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya_o.AG:Bul4.AG__BC_2945__Cov_32 .81%
2.8 England_N_o.AG:I3035.AG__BC_3750__Cov_59.33%

[Athalafuns]

Congrats on this argument. I can't help but remember my little approach to Wielbark Goths discerning if they carried BAC or not. What I also saw is that some of those Goths showed a striking Fatyanovo contribution. Could it be related to what you are discussing here?

[cass]

Congrats on this argument. I can't help but remember my little approach to Wielbark Goths discerning if they carried BAC or not. What I also saw is that some of those Goths showed a striking Fatyanovo contribution. Could it be related to what you are discussing here?

After removing contaminated samples, it looks similar for Scandinavians.

2500BC
Target: Sweden_IA_2.SG:VK522.SG__AD_400__Cov_99.79%
Distance: 3.3033% / 0.03303329 | ADC: 0.5x RC
40.2 Russia_Ivanovo_Fatyanovo_BA.SG:MIL001.SG__BC_2544_ _Cov_15.62%
20.0 Czechia_BellBeaker.AG:PRU002.AG__BC_2520__Cov_57.3 6%
19.2 Czechia_EBA_CordedWare.AG:VLI092.AG__BC_2769__Cov_ 66.62%
14.0 Sweden_Fralsegarden_N_HG.SG:FRA108.SG__BC_2894__Co v_75.74%
4.6 Switzerland_EBA_2.AG:MX191.AG__BC_2573__Cov_53.74%
2.0 Ukraine_EBA.AG:I5884.AG__BC_2785__Cov_52.12%

2700BC
Target: Sweden_IA_2.SG:VK522.SG__AD_400__Cov_99.79%
Distance: 3.2653% / 0.03265271 | ADC: 0.5x RC
25.4 Bulgaria_Chalcolithic_oSteppe.AG:I2181_enhanced.AG __BC_4508__Cov_10.17%
21.6 Ukraine_EBA.AG:I5884.AG__BC_2785__Cov_52.12%
18.0 Czechia_EBA_CordedWare.AG:VLI071.AG__BC_2765__Cov_ 68.63%
18.0 Russia_MBA_Poltavka_oEEF.AG:I0432.AG__BC_2745__Cov _55.40%
12.6 Belgium_Gravettian_contam.AG:GOY001.AG__BC_25492__ Cov_25.86%
4.4 Bulgaria_Varna_Chalcolithic_contam.AG:ANI163.AG__B C_4619__Cov_36.75%

2900 BC
Target: Sweden_IA_2.SG:VK522.SG__AD_400__Cov_99.79%
Distance: 3.5172% / 0.03517228 | ADC: 0.5x RC
52.8 Bulgaria_Chalcolithic_oSteppe.AG:I2181_enhanced.AG __BC_4508__Cov_10.17%
22.4 Ukraine_Dnieper_N_Mariupol.SG:NEO503.SG__BC_5300__ Cov_27.42%
17.8 Serbia_EBA_Yamnaya.AG:I11446.AG__BC_2992__Cov_14.4 9%
7.0 Ukraine_Eneolithic_SeredniiStih_oHG.AG:I4110.AG__B C_3444__Cov_51.75%

[djipon]

Macedonian broke up from Bulgarian more than 1000 years ago??? What the actual F, for real. This graph is horrendous in that regard...

As a linguist I should say that this cannot be further from the truth. Let's be honest, even if we say it has developed or has begun developing as a separate language, this is for no more than the last 75-100 years, AT MAX.