Ethnic breakdown of Y-DNA in Europe

[Peterski]

Check my ethnic breakdown of Y-DNA haplogroups in Europe:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1zVOP_ao3f7_-N29npAo6hb_pmSwEKgHQJCXldxyYH7k/edit?usp=sharing

I assigned haplogroups to ethnic groups in the following way:

Mesolithic: In Western Europe I2a & I2b; in Eastern & Central Europe only I2b.*
South European: G, J2, J1, E, T, H, L, F, R2, R1b-PF7562, R1b-Z2103, R1b-V88, etc.
Celtic-Italic-Beaker: R1b-P312 (except for R1b-L238), R1b-PF7589, R1b-S1194, etc.
Germanic: I1-M253, R1b-U106, R1b-L238, Q and also R1a in Western Europe.
Balto-Slavic: Haplogroups R1a and I2a in Eastern Europe and Central Europe.
Uralic-Baltic: Haplogroup N.

I used data about R1b subclades collected by MitchellSince1893 on Anthrogenica (and his source was the FTDNA Haplotree):

https://genoplot.com/discussions/topic/23933/ftdna-r1b-project-maps/39?page=4

For several countries he did not publish data about R1b subclades, so I assumed frequenciies like in neighbouring countries:

​Iceland - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Norway
Moldova - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Romania
North Macedonia - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Bulgaria
Kosovo - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Albania
Montenegro - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Serbia
Croatia - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Serbia
Bosnia - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Serbia
Kashubians - I assumed frequencies of subclades like in Poland

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When it comes to overall frequencies of haplogroups, for most countries I used Eupedia:

https://www.eupedia.com/europe/european_y-dna_haplogroups.shtml

For some Slavic countries I used frequencies which I collected from various studies here:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JFlLJm35tIQqfRyo4De-VJl9eCFAP4Vi46djxIV2g44/edit?usp=sharing

For Sardinians I used the data about haplogroups from the Francalacci et al. 2013 study.

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*Actually current designations are I2a1 and I2a2 (instead of I2a and I2b) if I'm not mistaken.

[Peterski]

Populations with majority or plurality of Mesolithic haplogrouos:

None (but Sardinians are close)

Populations with majority or plurality of South European haplogroups:

Kosovar
Albanian
Greek
Bulgarian
Italian
Macedonian
Sardinian
Montenegrin
Austrian (but they have only 29% of such haplogroups)

Populations with majority or plurality of Celtic-Italic-Beaker haplogroups:

Irish
Welsh
Spanish
Scottish
Portuguese
French
Swiss

Populations with majority or plurality of Germanic haplogroups:

Icelandic
Norwegian
Swedish
Danish
Dutch
English
Belgian
German

Populations with majority or plurality of Balto-Slavic haplogroups:

Belarusian
Kashubian
Ukrainian
Polish
Croatian
Bosnian
Slovenian
Russian
Slovak
Serbian
Moldovan
Hungarian
Lithuanian
Romanian
Czech
Latvian
Estonian

Populations with majority or plurality of Uralic-Baltic haplogroups:

Finnish

[Peterski]

It is interesting that Scotland has quite a lot of Germanic Y lineages:

- 9% of I1 (according to Eupedia)
- 8.5% of R1a (according to Eupedia)
- 0.5% of Q (according to Eupedia)
- 12% of Germanic R1b (ca. 16.83% out of 72.5% of R1b in total*)

*72.5% of R1b according to Eupedia, and Germanic subclades are U106 (16.55% of Scottish R1b) and L238 (0.28%).

In total 30% of Germanic Y-DNA. Is this figure correct in your opinion?

[Peterski]

Map based on the data from my Google spreadsheet:

https://i.imgur.com/LyaOW1f.png

https://i.imgur.com/LyaOW1f.png

[Peterski]

It is interesting that in Belgium Germanic Y-DNA is a bit more numerous than Celtic Y-DNA.

In terms of auDNA it is the opposite - Germanic and Gallic admixtures in northern Belgium:

https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-025-03580-z/figures/3

https://i.imgur.com/KgoM3KW.png