Kanuni
03-26-2012, 10:15 AM
This article aims at reconstructing history of R1a1 ancient migrations between 20,000 and 3500 years be-fore present (ybp). Four thousand four hundred sixty (4460) haplotypes of haplogroup R1a1 were con- sidered in terms of base (ancestral) haplotypes of R1a1 populations and timespans to their common an- cestors in the regions from South Siberia and northern/northwestern China in the east to the Hindustan and further west across Iranian Plateau, Anatolia, Asia Minor and to the Balkans in Europe, including on this way Central Asia, South India, Nepal, Oman, the Middle East, Comoros Islands, Egypt, etc. This study provides a support to the theory that haplogroup R1a arose in Central Asia, apparently in South Si- beria and/or neighboring regions, around 20,000 ybp. Not later than 12,000 ybp bearers of R1a1 already were in the Hindustan, then went across Anatolia and the rest of Asia Minor apparently between 10,000 and 9000 ybp, and around 9000 - 8000 ybp they arrived to the Balkans and spread over Europe east to the British Isles. On this migration way or before it bearers of R1a1 (or the parent, upstream haplogroups) have developed Proto Indo-European language, and carried it along during their journey to Europe. The earliest signs of the language on passing of bearers of R1a1 through Anatolia were picked by the linguists, and dated by 9400 - 9600 - 10,100 ybp, which fairly coincides with the data of DNA genealogy, described in this work. At the same time as bearers of the brother haplogroup R1b1a2 began to populate Europe af-ter 4800 ybp, haplogroup R1a1 moved to the Russian Plain around 4800 - 4600 ybp. From there R1a1 migrated (or moved as military expeditions) to the south (Anatolia, Mitanni and the Arabian Peninsula), east (South Ural and then North India), and south-east (the Iranian Plateau) as the historic legendary Ary-ans. Haplotypes of their direct descendants are strikingly similar up to 67 markers with contemporary eth-nic Russians of haplogroup R1a1. Dates of those Aryan movements from the Russian Plain in said direc-tions are also strikingly similar, between 4200 and 3600 ybp.
There are 48 and 44 mutations between the above and the In-dian R1a1 haplotypes shown earlier. This formally places their common ancestor at more than 10,000 years before present and, in fact, much earlier, at least 15,000 years ago. R1b1a2 bearers were not among the Aryans coming to India, and it is very likely that they were not Indo-Europeans then. Specifically, there is no supporting evidence that 4000 years before present (ybp) bearers of R1b1a2 spoke Indo-European (IE) languages. On the other hand, Central Europe was likely populated by R1b1a2 speakers of non-IE languages. Moreover, there are very few bearers of R1b haplogroup in India, mostly on its Arabian Sea coast, and there were none of the R1b haplogroup among the 367 tested Indian Brahmins (Sharma et al., 2009). Therefore, it is highly unlikely that bearers of the R1b1 (as well as R1b1a2)haplogroup were among the Aryans, and, hence, they were not among those carrying the Indo-European languages elsewhere in those times.
How would you explain this article?It seems that R1b1a2 was a non Indo-European haplogroup and the spread of Indo-European language was solely from a single male lineage that of R1a.
There are 48 and 44 mutations between the above and the In-dian R1a1 haplotypes shown earlier. This formally places their common ancestor at more than 10,000 years before present and, in fact, much earlier, at least 15,000 years ago. R1b1a2 bearers were not among the Aryans coming to India, and it is very likely that they were not Indo-Europeans then. Specifically, there is no supporting evidence that 4000 years before present (ybp) bearers of R1b1a2 spoke Indo-European (IE) languages. On the other hand, Central Europe was likely populated by R1b1a2 speakers of non-IE languages. Moreover, there are very few bearers of R1b haplogroup in India, mostly on its Arabian Sea coast, and there were none of the R1b haplogroup among the 367 tested Indian Brahmins (Sharma et al., 2009). Therefore, it is highly unlikely that bearers of the R1b1 (as well as R1b1a2)haplogroup were among the Aryans, and, hence, they were not among those carrying the Indo-European languages elsewhere in those times.
How would you explain this article?It seems that R1b1a2 was a non Indo-European haplogroup and the spread of Indo-European language was solely from a single male lineage that of R1a.