Archaeology in Croatia

[Sisak]

Right hand of Sabazios , 3rd century (Dacian-Thracian-Phrygian godess of fertility with snake on the finger) found in region Slavonia, Croatia.
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Among a smaller number of ceramic vessels from the early Iron Age, the collection contains a large number of finds from the late Iron Age La Tène culture, especially ceramic containers and other items made of clay but also some specimens of jewellery made of glass paste.
Celtic - la Tene culture (region Slavonia):
part of bracelet
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box iron
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The Antiquities collection contains almost 6000 items, mostly gathered in the Brod Posavlje area. They are monuments from the times of the Roman Empire (1st - 4th century AD). The most numerous are ceramic items: vessels of different shapes used for various purposes, plumbing pipes and various lamps. A significant part of the collection contains Roman building materials (bricks, roof coverings, stone tiles). Present also are items made of glass paste (bracelets, beads) and of glass (glass containers in fragments, embalming fluid containers - scent bottles), as well as those made of bone (pins, hairpins), items made of metal (jewellery, weapons, everyday items).
The most valuable in the collection are two items related not only to the Brod heritage, but also to the Croatian and to the world heritage: one is ceremonial shin-guard with straps, called cnemid, made of gold-plated bronze and the other one is a military diploma.

Roman military diploma dating from the first century A.D from Slavonski Brod:
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Cnemid, cnemidae or knemidae -protection for the legs (3rd century). from Slavonski Brod
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[Sisak]

Ružica town -Rose city
source: http://www.pp-papuk.hr/1english/znamenitosti/ruzica.htm
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Ružica town is situated in the northeast mountain range of Papuk on 418 m above sea level, above the village Duzluk, few km from the town of Orahovica. It represents the largest preserved fortress complex in the area of Slavonia, and one of the largest in Croatia.


Ružica town is located on the strategic position, from which one can control large part of Slavonian Podravina. Due to that, the town had great importance during turbulent events in late Middle-ages (12th to 15th century).
The name of Ružica Town is not entirely studied. Some authors bring it in the relation with wild rose, and the name of nearby village Duzluk (from Turkish word 'duzem' which means floral, of a rose, or girl's decoration). Others think, what is more probable, that the name was taken out of Reholcz, what was the middle-age name for Orahovica town, because during the middle ages, town of Ružica belonged to property of Orahovica. This property is first mentioned in year 1228. The fortress itself is first mentioned in 1357, as a royal property, and later it was ownership of different aristocrats, among which are Nikola Kont, Lovro Iločki, Ladislav More, brothers Pomanicki, and others.
Ružica town, as well as entire surrounding, comes under Turks occupation in 1543. Throughout the entire period under Turk's occupation, Ružica town was a military fort. Probably for some time (especially in 17th century), it was a place where sanjak-beys from Požega resided, while in some documents there is a mention of Orahovica sanjak-beys, but this is about the other centre of Požega sanjak.
The famous historian Đuro Szabo says: 'If someone asks who, or what is Ružica, one cannot answer in one word. It is not a town (germ. burg), not a court (germ. Schloss), not a fortress (germ. Festung), but all together'. Ružica town has a shape of ellipse, and is consisted of strong entrance defender, town chapel, and middle part of the town, pentagon fortress and thick walls that surround the town. The town is a bond of rough building of thick, large walls, and towers, and gentle flagrant-like, stone plastics that decorated the inner of the walls - like 'the beauty and the beast' in one. One can approach the forest by taking a light walk through the forest form the direction of Orahovica lake, well-known weekend resort of local population and hunters. Below the Ružica town there is a natural elevation from which, when the weather is favourable, one can see entire Panonian valley.

[Sisak]

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The Vinkovci Treasure (Croatian: Vinkovačko blago) or Cibalae Treasure is a hoard of late Roman silver plate, discovered in Vinkovci, Croatia at the end of March 2012. Consisting of 48 artifacts weighing a total of about 30 kilograms (66 lb), the hoard includes a variety of domestic utensils and tableware, some of which is elaborately decorated with various designs and depictions. The hoard appears to have been made locally, probably in a workshop in the town, and is thought to date to the late 4th century AD.
Vinkovci's city centre is a protected heritage zone due to its thousands of years of habitation, archaeological surveys are required ahead of development projects.
8 artefacts of silver tableware were found, with a total weight of around 30 kilograms (66 lb).[4] The items were found in what appears to have been a storage area, perhaps a pantry, at a depth of about 70 centimetres (28 in) below the modern ground level.[1] They had been carefully placed within a large pottery bowl, which had been placed in the ground and covered over with dirt, accounting for their mostly very good state of preservation. The find came as a complete surprise to the archaeologists, who were used to finding small non-precious objects but had not expected to make a major discovery. According to Vrkić, "It was hard to believe that it is silver, because they always find some small things, and when we find something half a meter long ... it was hard to believe that it was silver and it was ancient."

The items include plates, bowls, jugs, cups and spoons. Some are gilded or decorated with niello. Many of the artefacts are engraved with motifs depicting animals, plants, buildings and human figures.[6] One platter shows what appears to be a scene of Bellerophon slaying the chimera. Another shows a shepherd watching his flock. Another plate bears the inscription AQVILA ANTONINVS FECIT ("made by Antoninus Aquila")


The hoard was deposited during a turbulent period in Roman history. At the time Vinkovci, which was a Roman colony called Colonia Aurelia Cibalae, was one of the leading towns in the province of Pannonia Secunda on the eastern border of the Roman Empire. It was the birthplace of two 4th century emperors, Valentinian I and Valens. The hoard is thought to have been buried due to an increase of insecurity in the region, perhaps due to civil unrest, political turmoil or a barbarian incursion.


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Axe from Vucedol, Pakrac, Slavonia, Bronze Age, c.2000-1000 BC (bronze)
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Credit: Axe from Vucedol, Pakrac, Slavonia, Bronze Age, c.2000-1000 BC (bronze), Prehistoric / Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK / The Bridgeman Art Library

Axe from Vucedol, Pakrac, Slavonia, Bronze Age, c.2000-1000 BC (bronze)
Title:
Prehistoric
Primary creator:
Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, UK
Location:
bronze
Medium:
Pre-history and Europe
source:
http://www.bridgemanart.com/asset/121140/Prehistoric/Axe-from-Vucedol-Pakrac-Slavonia-Bronze-Age-c.?search_context={%22url%22%3A%22\%2Fsearch\%2Far tist\%2FPrehistoric\%2F20507%22%2C%22num_results%2 2%3A%22194%22%2C%22search_type%22%3A%22creator_ass ets%22%2C%22creator_id%22%3A%2220507%22%2C%22item_ index%22%3A56}

[Sisak]

http://dalje.com/hr-scena/tajni-hodnici-osjecke-tvrdje-bit-ce-velika-atrakcija/456666
Probna istraživanja nedavno otkrivenih podzemnih hodnika ispod velikog dijela osječke Tvrđe pokazala su da je tu veliko bogatstvo, a zbog vrlo hladnog vremena, opsežnija istraživanja obavit će se u proljeće, rekla je osječka dogradonačelnica Danijela Lovoković.
"U podzemlje Tvrđe ušlo je 11 speleologa i arheologa koji su oduševljeni onim što su otkrili, a uskoro očekujemo i fotografije, videosnimke i GPS snimke koje su načinili na približno 500 metara podzemnih hodnika. Potporu istraživačkim radovima daje grad Osijek, koji će izdvojiti i dio novca za nastavak istraživanja", rekla je za Hinu dogradonačelnica Lovoković.
Posebice je istaknula da će podzemni tuneli, "možda čak i neke velike dvorane o kojima također postoje indicije da su u podzemlju Tvrđe, biti dodatni aduti za upis Tvrđe na UNESCO-ov popis zaštićene kulturne baštine".
"Naime, ispod Tvrđe je navodno čak nekoliko kilometara podzemnih hodnika koji su uglavnom građeni poslije 1800. godine, u doba Austro-Ugarske. Po starim, ali uvijek usmenim predajama, ispod Tvrđe su i takvi podzemni hodnici koji povezuju taj stari povijesni dio Osijeka ispod rijeke Drave s drugom stranom", rekla je Lovoković. To upućuje, dodala je, i na mnogo starija moguća arheološka nalazišta u Tvrđi.
Da je Tvrđa nepresušno povijesno i kulturno bogatstvo, govore i najnovija arheološka otkrića romaničke crkve iz 12. stoljeća, istaknula je Lovoković. (Hina)

http://dalje.com/hr-scena/osjecka-tvrdja--otkriveni-ostaci-romanicke-crkve-iz-12-stoljeca/456058
U povijesnoj osječkoj jezgri Tvrđi, izvan dvorišta franjevačke crkve Svetog križa i franjevačkog samostana, pronađeni su ostatci romaničke crkve iz 12. stoljeća, koji su ocijenjeni senzacionalnim otkrićem, važnim ne samo za Osijek i Hrvatsku već u europskim i svjetskim okvirima.
Istaknuo je kako je ovo otkriće, po prvi put danas predstavljeno javnosti, velik doprinos razumijevanju srednjovjekovne arhitekture, te dokaz da je osječka barokna crkva Svetog križa izgrađena 1705. godine na temeljima velike staroromaničke trobrodne crkve iz 12. stoljeća. Također pronađeni arheološki ostatci romaničke crkve svjedoče o "postojanju najstarijega osječkog trga, koji je bio i veliko sajmište".
Velika trobrodna ranoromanička crkva izgrađena u vrijeme ugarsko hrvatskog kralja Gejze II., koji je osnovao u mađarskom gradu Bataszeku, sjeverno od Mohača, Cistercitsku opatiju kojoj je darovao grad Osijek u kojem su oni u 12 stoljeću izgradili crkvu Svetog duha. Otkriveni ostatci izuzetno dobro prezentiraju cistercisku arhitekturu, tipologiju romaničkih crkvi i još mnogo epohalnih otkrića, istaknuo je Uzelac u izjavi za Hinu.

[Sisak]

Archaeologists have found increasing evidence that graves which were found near the Croatian town of Topusko (Sisak-Moslavina County) in 2009, contain traces from a separate culture, the "colapis culture", which is described in ancient Roman writings.

The results of the analysis and restoration of the contents of 13 grave sites discovered in 2009 in the Illyrian settlements near Topusko, indicated sensational physical evidence of the existence of 'colapis culture', which may date back as far as the 5th century BC. Archaeologist Lazo Cuckovic shared with the media his beliefs also after experts from Mainz in Germany visited the Karlovac Municipal Museum to analyse the discovery.

"Immediately upon finding the grave in August 2009, due to the abundant woven metallic headwear, necklaces and ornaments on the legs and arms, we assumed that we have found a princess from as early as the Iron age," said Cuckovic, reports Croatian radiotelevison.

"By analyzing the crown of a tooth it was confirmed that it was a woman that was buried in the grave, and her headdress is unique in the world because it has two metal ornaments decorated with braided horns and amber glass beads. Across Europe there is little headgear in the shape of horns, and until now nothing has been found shaped and decorated like this," concluded Cuckovic.

[d3cimat3d]

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tgXhU3ndr0o

[Sisak]

Archaeological find in Vinkovci, Croatia. Remains of an early Christian basilica , dating back to the 4th or 5th century
have been recently found at the archeological site of Kamenica near the eastern Croatian town of Vinkovci.

The modern archeological methods enabled archeologists to locate precisely the remains of the Early Christianity Complex from the 4th and 5th century. There are the walls of the big church with other facilities. The whole complex is surrounded by the massive wall and there are remains of the numerous tombs all around. The whole complex is one acre big and the church with the churchyard is more than 4000 square meters large.

The dimension of the church is 34 times 15 meters and the diameter of the baptizing well is 7.5 meters. All these remains prove that there was a diocese in Ancient Cibaliae which was one of the centers of Panoniae secundae. The real meaning couldn’t have been evaluated prior to this discovery. The first remains include a very rich Early Christianity object with marble coverings. The size and the organization show that this could have been a very important public place.

3D reconstruction of an early Christian basilica - YouTube
m3wnIu1X-fk
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[Issy]

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Up to 16-17 graves were dug up by graverobbers. Some people have no respect for cultural history, I hope they go to jail.

[Sisak]

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The Apoxiomen ( Apoxyómenos) is a statue of a young athlete shown scraping the dust and oil from his body with a strigil. Covered with thick encrustations and algae the statue was discovered on the sandy bottom off the islet of Vela Orjula in the Lošinj Channel.

The Croatian Apoxiomen is one of the eight preserved Hellenistic copies from the second and first centuries B.C. Its integrity and fine workmanship make it one of the best copies of the prototype produced about 300 B.C.

[Alexandros]

Ancient Greek artefacts from Croatia

The exhibition „Antički Grci na tlu Hrvatske“ or "The Ancient Greeks on Croatian Soil" in Klovićevi dvori Zagreb shows you where did the ancient Greeks first arrive, the nature of their relationship with the native population, how they spread along the eastern Adriatic coast and islands... More than 500 artifacts (12th-1st cent. BC) show why Ancient Greece is the culture that founded the European civilization

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Later more ...






Alexandros

[Sisak]

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Museum of antique glass in Zadar

[Sisak]

The most valuable in the collection are two items related not only to the Brod heritage, but also to the Croatian and to the world heritage: one is ceremonial shin-guard with straps, called cnemid, made of gold-plated bronze and the other one is a military diploma.

Roman military diploma dating from the first century A.D from Slavonski Brod:
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Cnemid, cnemidae or knemidae -protection for the legs (3rd century). from Slavonski Brod
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9. veljače 71. nakon Krista – Rimska vojnička diploma
Mizenska ratna flota, osnovana krajem 1. stoljeća prije Krista, bila je najznačajnija flota Rimskog Carstva. Središnja joj je luka bila Mizen u Kampaniji u južnoj Italiji, a pojedini odredi bili su smješteni i po drugim trgovačkim i ratnim lukama Tirenskog mora. Glavni joj je zadatak bio održavanje reda i mira na Sredozemlju. Svaki brod imao je dvije posade: pomorsku, koja je pokretala i održavala brod, i vojnu. Čitava je posada smatrana centurijom, a njome je zapovijedao centurion. Centurionom je mogao postati svaki vojnik koji je dugo i uspješno služio u mornarici. Pretpostavlja se da je u vrijeme građanskog rata 68. – 69. nakon Krista u mizenskoj floti bilo oko 10 000 ljudi. Iz tog je rata kao pobjednik izašao car Vespazijan (69. – 79.), a s obzirom na to da mu je veliku pomoć pritom pružila upravo mizenska flota pod zapovjedništvom Seksta Lucilija Basa, iz zahvalnosti je ojačao cjelokupnu rimsku flotu i izjednačio je s kopnenom vojskom. Ime jednoga od Basovih centuriona poznato nam je zahvaljujući sretnom otkriću 1997. Zvao se Likaj, sin Birsov, iz Marsunije, grada u rimskoj provinciji Panoniji, području trajno pokorenom nakon Tiberijeva gušenja ustanka ovdašnjih plemena 9. nakon Krista. Bio je pripadnik panonskog plemena Breuka, a vjerojatno je kao mladić s manje od dvadeset godina stupio u mornaricu koja je, kao i kopnene pomoćne čete, bila dostupna ljudima iz provincija. Legije su bile rezervirane isključivo za rimske građane. Likaj je napredovao do položaja centuriona. Dana 9. veljače 71. časno je otpušten iz vojne službe, o čemu svjedoči njegova vojnička diploma, pravni dokument, prijepis carskog dekreta s izvornika koji se nalazio u Rimu na javnom mjestu. Vojna služba u mornarici trajala je 26 i više godina. Ne znamo koliko je vremena Likaj proveo ondje, ali s obzirom na čin za koji je bilo potrebno dugo iskustvo, služio je puno duže od zakonom propisanog roka. Diplomom je dobio sva zaslužena prava i povlastice: rimsko građansko pravo koje se prenosilo i na njegove potomke i pravo sklapanja zakonitog braka. Njegovom zaslugom potomci mu više nisu bili drugorazredni članovi ogromnog rimskog društva. Poput ostalih svojih suboraca dobio je i česticu zemlje na području Pesta u plodnoj kampanskoj regiji, međutim, nije ondje ostao, već se vratio u zavičaj. Stjecajem sretnih okolnosti Likajeva vojnička diploma, pravni dokument ali i svjedočanstvo jednog životnog puta, postala je dijelom Antičke zbirke Muzeja Brodskog Posavlja. Danas slavi svoj 1942. rođendan, kao što i antički grad koji je postojao ovdje, na mjestu našega grada, slavi svoj najraniji spomen. Trajno je obogatila brodsku, ali i hrvatsku i europsku kulturnu baštinu. Riječ je o odlično sačuvanom dokumentu (što je uistinu rijetkost za ovakve nalaze) koji se sastoji od dvije žicom povezane brončane pločice. Na lijevoj vanjskoj stranici, kao i na objema unutarnjim, urezan je tekst kojim se Likaju dodjeljuju spomenuta prava i zemlja u južnoj Italiji. Desna vanjska stranica sadrži imena sedam svjedoka koji svojim pečatima (pet ih je sačuvano, što je još jedna od posebnosti ovog nalaza) potvrđuju vjerodostojnost dokumenta. Ime antičkoga grada koji je postojao na brodskom području do ovoga otkrića bilo je poznato isključivo zahvaljujući izvorima u kojima se javlja u nekoliko različitih oblika. Na diplomi se javlja u obliku MARSUNNIA, što pokazuje kako su teorije o njegovu domaćem podrijetlu ispravne. Grad je nazvan po rječici čije je ime sačuvano u današnjem hidronimu Mrsunja. Rimska vojnička diploma svjedok je dugog urbanog kontinuiteta Slavonskog Broda.


Very beautiful 19th century glass from region Slavonija
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[Sisak]

Croatia is most neanderthal country in the world.
Vindija cave in Croatia was inhabited by Neanderthals. Fossils found in the Vindija Cave have been dated to between 33,000 and 32,000 years old, in the Vindija cave archealogist founded sixty fossil remains of Neanderthals.
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[Sisak]

Krapina neanderthals:
city of Krapina

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Neanderthals in natural environment, hill Hušnjakovo
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in the museum
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[Sisak]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNAPGYUeUZc

[Sisak]

Underwater city c. 4000 BC found in Croatia

At the open today Crofish Fair to be held in Umag, held a lecture and screening the latest sensational archaeological finds in the bay Zambratija. The project presented a host of archaeological research Baner Uhac Ida, archaeologist of the Archaeological Museum in Pula, Istria, and research in recent years led the curators Arheloškog Museum of Istria in Pula. Presents the findings of the Neolithic settlement and the remains of the oldest ship in the Adriatic.

Quite on the northwest shoreline, south of Cape Savudrija, there is a large cove Zambratija. The rich archaeological and cultural history of this region has always attracted the attention of many researchers. With a number of archaeological sites, known to the wider area around Zambratija, have recently emerged to light archaeological finds that its uniqueness may be placed in the top archaeological discovery, she said, presenting the results of Ida Baner Uhac.

Back in September 2008. years, offshore in the bay Zambratija in today's fishing port, where the investor Port Authority Umag - Novigrad performed work on the extension of the existing breakwater, the Archaeological Museum of Istria spent protective archaeological research.

Studies were conducted with the participation of local experts (Niki Fachin, Christian Petretich) and other professional divers. During the research archaeologists and divers perform underwater search and the northern part of the bay, where the seabed found numerous traces of wood residues. Pilot studies conducted in the same year it was determined that it is a submerged prehistoric settlement dating from the late Neolithic to the Early Copper Age.

Prehistoric settlement located in a natural valley potopljenoj relief (probably once zamočvarenoj sinkholes) that extends from the present coastal edge, while the outside (south) side of the high seas protected limestone ridge, that let today (first and second Banjšice as locals call them) .

The site is now located at a depth of 2.5 to 3.20 meters and covers an area of ​​approximately 10 000 m².

Based on our findings, it is assumed that they formed a settlement house built on the pillars of the oak tree which, because they are in the mud of the seabed, extremely well preserved. Pilot studies with smaller areas within the village, with wooden pylons, discovered a large quantity of animal bones and numerous fragments of prehistoric pottery. Discovered archaeological material, compared with identical archaeological finds from other sites in inland Istria, roughly dating site in this period from the late Neolithic to the Early Copper Age. Identical radiocarbon dating confirmed the dates for the analysis of age were obtained from samples of wood piers, at which time the settlement was placed between 4230 and 3980 years before Christ.

With this prehistoric site, the central part of the bay Zambratija 2008th , at a depth of - 2.20 m, just below the thin layer of sand and seaweed fouling Posidonius (Voga), discovered the remains of marine structures, as will be shown later, also from prehistoric times. The specificity of findings is reflected in the fact that the structure is an interesting technique boats binding by sewing a rope through the holes on the edges of planks (madira). During September 2011. The first campaign was carried out archaeological research in order to detect partial ship, based on whose data would be given directions for further research and collect samples for analysis of types of wood and other chemical analysis.

He has discovered the existence of eight planks of the ship troughs made of elm and a ship's ribs. At the edges of the planks were located diagonally drilled holes through which the sewing is done, and there are flashing across the wooden slats in the function to keep the seals. Length of preserved trough boat is estimated at about 6 m, while its width is 2.4 m

Boats in the bay Zambratija, radiocarbon analysis dates for age, tentatively dated to the period of the first millennium BC, which currently holds the title of the oldest boat of this type in the Adriatic. Dating and technical performance of this boat has to be considered a forerunner of later šivanih ships that are known in several localities of the Adriatic, which will show future research.

[Sisak]

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[Sisak]

I was just looking for things which are very important for the history of the region. Illustrated with pictures.
source in croatian language http://www.index.hr/forum/17/knjizevnost-kazaliste-umjetnost/tema/56702/kulturnopovijesna-bastina-hrvatskog-srednjovjekovlja.aspx?p=3

The earliest mention of the Croatian name as Horovathos can be traced on two stone inscriptions in Greek language and script, dating from around the year 200, found by the Black Sea (more precisely in the seaport Tanais on the Azov sea, Krim). Both tablets are held in the Archeological museum in St Petersburg, Russia.
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On the photo you can see a choir screen panel from Split, containing pentagram and nice interlace patterns, 11th century.
Besides the name of Trpimir also the names of some other Croatian dukes can be seen in Cedad Gospels: Branimir, Braslav, their wifes, and escort.
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Many important monuments of pre-Romanesque Croatian art have been found in the region of Knin which used to be the residence of Croatian Kings (11th century). Here are example from the 9th century.

http://i33.tinypic.com/29yqvqh.jpg
One of the most important discoveries of Don Frano Bulic (1846-1936), an outstanding archeologist, is an inscription in the Latin language from the sarcophagus of Croatian Queen Jelena (10th century).

Here is the English translation of one of the most important Croatian monuments, carved in 976, very beautiful text in my opinion:

In this grave rests famous Jelena, wife of King Michael (Kresimir), mother of King Stephen (Drzislav). She brought peace to the Kingdom. On the eighth day of October 976 from the incarnation of Our Lord she was buried here in the 4th indiction, 5th lunar cycle, 17th epacta, 5th solar cycle. While she lived she was mother of the Kingdom and she became mother of the poor and protectress of widows. You who look here say: God have mercy upon her soul.

http://i38.tinypic.com/2j5awo.jpg
An important monument is a stone panel from the 10th century mentioning the name of DUX CHROATORUM Drzislav, a son of Queen Jelena.

http://i34.tinypic.com/29239kn.jpg
Probably the greatest achievement of Croatian Pre-Romanesque sculpture is choir screen panel from the Church of St. Domenica (Sv. Nediljica) in Zadar, with scenes of the Massacre of the Innocents and the Flight to Egypt, created in the 11th century (André Malraux included it into his "Musée imaginaire").
http://i35.tinypic.com/rscymt.jpg

[Sisak]

Up to 16-17 graves were dug up by graverobbers. Some people have no respect for cultural history, I hope they go to jail.

That's because in region Slavonja before are not made archaeological research, it has just started in the last few decades.

[Sisak]

"Stružani - staro hrvatsko selo" , arheoloških istraživanja provedena na trasi auto ceste Slavonica na čvorištu Sredanci.

Ondje su pored prapovijesnih naselja otkriveni i ostaci naselja iz ranog srednjeg vijeka koje se razvijalo i opstajalo kroz burna stoljeća . To naselje, selo Stružani je nakon ušoravanja u 18, stoljeću premješteno nekoliko stotina metara južnije uz cestu . Značaj ovog lokaliteta je velik. U njemu su pronađeni ostaci rukotvorina najranijih hrvatskih doseljenika iz vremena kada su zaposjedali ovaj kraj. Naselje se kroz vjekove kontinuirano razvijalo sve do ušoravanja u 18. stoljeću - gotovo tisuću godina.

Village Stružani (region Slavonia, Croatia) has been inhabited continuously 1000 years. Rich archaeological findings tell a story about closely positioned settlements in this area. In the northern part of the site, near the village Stružani, settlements and archaeological findings from late Bronze Age, earlier Iron Age, earlier and late Middle Ages and from Ottoman Period have been found.
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Misal po zakonu rimskoga dvora (Missale Romanum Glagolitice)
The 1483 editio princeps is the first Croatian and one of the first South Slavonic printed books. It was written in the Croation version of Church Slavonic language and printed in specific Croatian Glagolitic script.
The famous codex 'Misal kneza Novaka', from 1368, (Prince Novak’s Missal) is considered to be its principal model in terms of subject and equivalent Glagolitic letters. Detailed analytical and comparative study of the text with other well-known handwritten Glagolitic missals, proved that the first Croatian printed book was edited by the Croats from Istria.
http://i37.tinypic.com/2cdf8k.jpg
Verse from Misal:
I pomisli vsaki h(rst)janin
da se svyt ništare ni,
jere gdo ga veće ljubi,
ta ga brže zgubi.

Nu jošće pomisli vsaki sada:
ča se najde ot nas tada,
gda se d(u)ša strahom smete,
a dila n(a)m skriti nete...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7731Am66wg

[Sisak]

Ring, 3rd century, gold, Vinkovci
http://i43.tinypic.com/533293.jpg

Golden earrings, 3rd Century, Osijek
http://i44.tinypic.com/30a8k1w.jpg

Necklace, gold, 3rd century, Osijek
http://i41.tinypic.com/jtvxjm.jpg

Golden ring, 3rd century, Osijek
http://i41.tinypic.com/3x6k0.jpg

earrings, Vukovar, 4th cenutry
http://i40.tinypic.com/ibcjrp.jpg

comb, Tekic
http://i40.tinypic.com/5xjudi.jpg

[Sisak]

FROM REGION SLAVONIA



Altar, 6th Thousand BC. - 5th Thousand BC., Vinkovci
http://i44.tinypic.com/55gept.jpg

Cult vessel, Starchevo culture, cerramics,6th thousand BC
http://i42.tinypic.com/9t1z6t.jpg

ceramic vessel, 6 millennium BC
http://i40.tinypic.com/1f95qu.jpg

ceramic vessel, 6 millennium BC, Vukovar
http://i42.tinypic.com/31318gl.jpg

altar, Starchevo culture, Slavonski Brod-Galovo (5760.-5630. BC.)
http://i39.tinypic.com/9pm934.jpg


altar, Starchevo culture, Slavonski Brod-Galovo, 5760. – 5630 BC
http://i43.tinypic.com/30cqgjb.jpg


Idols made ​​of clay and ceramics, of Starchevo culture 6000 BC
http://i44.tinypic.com/34yxr2x.jpg
http://i42.tinypic.com/2ymir84.jpg
http://i43.tinypic.com/2yuj5h4.jpg
http://i39.tinypic.com/2hwmww.jpg

Sopot culture near Vinkovci
(5050th to 3970th BC) residents in Sopot abstained three types of cattle -pigs, sheep and goats, and founded are the bones of dog, horse, beaver and wolves. As food used two types of wheat, barley, oats, flax and lens and elder. Residents of Sopot culture had houses above the ground.
Found numerous ritual items such as altars and idols, pots and ceramic parts and various tools such as prehistoric fish hooks, blades and other sharp objects like needles.
http://i44.tinypic.com/2m61fno.jpg

[Sisak]

Viseslavova krstionica (Viseslav of Croatia)
Višeslav left behind a baptismal font (in Croatian: Višeslavova krstionica), surviving to this day, which remains an important symbol of early Croatian history and the people's conversion to Christianity. The inscription is in Latin, and mentions the name of a priest named John (Ivan) who baptized people during "the time of Duke Višeslav" in the honor of John the Baptist.
http://i40.tinypic.com/307qf49.jpg

[Sisak]

Bascanska ploca
The Baska Table is the first written monument of the Croatian culture. It was made around 1100 in Baska on the island of Krk. It was the left pluteus of the altar partition in St. Lucy's church, and the partition separated the space for the priests from the space for congregation.

The Table was written in the Glagolitic script in the old Croatian language containing elements of the Slavic church language. A Croatian name was here for the first time written in the Croatian language; the script makes mention of the Croatian king Zvonimir donating a meadow to St. Lucy's church. The translation of the script reads:

I, in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, I, abbot Drzhiha, wrote this about the plot of land which was given by Zvonimir, the Croatian king, in his days to St.. Lucy and witnesses are: Desimir, prefect of Krbava, Mratin in Lika, Pribinezha in Vinodol, Jakov on the island. If anyone denies it, may he be cursed by 12 Apostles and 4 Evangelists and St.. Lucy. May anyone who lives here pray for them. I, abbot Dobrovit, built this church together with my nine brothers in the days of Duke Kosmat who ruled the whole Country. In those days Mikula was in Otocac with St.. Lucy.
http://i42.tinypic.com/vnl386.jpg

[Sisak]

Japodian hat (7th century BC) with fringes looks like a forerunner of today's Lika hats

http://i40.tinypic.com/3477lw2.jpg

Woman of the Japod tribe
http://i43.tinypic.com/k550s1.jpg

Japod's jewellery made of amber
http://i43.tinypic.com/b4db3k.jpg
http://i43.tinypic.com/24o84f5.jpg