Iberian DNA

[Damião de Góis]

Post everything related here.

Here are Y-DNA frequencies, which show a east-west gradient in some cases:

http://forwhattheywereweare.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/iberiay-dna-finalhaplogroupanalysis.gif

[Slycooper]

How do you probably read that?

[Damião de Góis]

How do you probably read that?

????

[Damião de Góis]

More Y-DNA frequencies. Unfortunately all maps use "R1b" and don't specify subclades:

http://forwhattheywereweare.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/0.jpg

This is the only one i've seen that shows things in more detail:

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_x6Y4ZgFsZdY/THaeRzxEhJI/AAAAAAAAAYo/YgRyAz2YnDU/s1600/R1b+sub-structure.png

[Atlantic Islander]

Study on Azorean MtDNA:

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure1.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/table3.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/table5.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/table4.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/table2.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure2.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure2continued.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure2continued2.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure2continued3.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure2continued4.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure3_zps64fa1854.png

http://i63.photobucket.com/albums/h157/animebooklover/azoresmtdna/figure4_zps51708589.png

[SilverKnight]

Mines rare, doubt it could have a slight possibility of being from Andalusia? :confused:

My first guess is Fulani from Mali.




E1 (P147)

E1a (L633, M33, M132)

E1a1 (M44)
E1a2 (P110)
E1a3 (L94)
E1a4 (L133) (this one)


http://s2.postimage.org/43yoa637t/Y_Hap_EM_33.png (http://postimage.org/)

[Atlantic Islander]

---

The only interesting thing in the Azores is the amount of mtDNA V (which tends to be common among isolated populations) and general lack of diversity in the Western Group. I can't remember what the study said, but they mentioned something about the Western group being different. They've drifted/ bootlenecked /suffered from a founder effect.

[Damião de Góis]

The only interesting thing is the amount of mtDNA V and the lack of diversity in the Western Group, I can't remember what the study said, but they mentioned something about the Western group being different. They've drifted or bootlenecked.

I see mine isn't present? Could it be absent in the Azores?

[Atlantic Islander]

I see mine isn't present? Could it be absent in the Azores?

I don't know, it's interesting though. Have to also keep in mind that they only tested a small amount of people from each of the islands.

[Jackson]

Very interesting thread. That y-DNA map at the start had a good format especially.

[Atlantic Islander]

More Azorean stuff.

Y-DNA:
http://img521.imageshack.us/img521/4278/ydna1.png

Azores DNA Project - Projecto do ADN dos Açôres - Y-DNA Colorized Chart (http://www.familytreedna.com/public/azores/default.aspx?section=ycolorized)

mtDNA:

Azores DNA Project - Projecto do ADN dos Açôres - mtDNA (http://www.familytreedna.com/public/azores/default.aspx?section=mtresults)

Separate Azores DNA Project (http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~azoresdna/).

[pinguino]

It is interesting the wikipedia article about the genetical history of the Iberian Peninsula
At least, shows all the different theories, and their references, about the origins of Iberians. Besides, it shows several articles that deal with the interesting topic of the North African input in Spain. Take a look.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula

[Comte Arnau]

R-M167, the most common R1b subclade among Catalans and other Pyrenean neighbours.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/YDNAR1b-SRY2627.jpg

Possible origin: The Pyrenees, 1,650 to 3,450 or 1,000 to 2,650 years BP.


The first author to test for this marker (long before current haplogroup nomenclature existed) was Hurles in 1999, who tested 1158 men in various populations. He found it relatively common among Basques (13/117: 11%) and Catalans (7/32: 22%). Other occurrences were found among other Spanish, Béarnais, other French, British and Germans.

In 2000 Rosser et al., in a study which tested 3616 men in various populations also tested for that same marker, naming the haplogroup Hg22, and again it was found mainly among Basques (19%), in lower frequencies among French (5%), Bavarians (3%), Spanish (2%), Southern Portuguese (2%), and in single occurrences among Romanians, Slovenians, Dutch, Belgians and English.

In 2001 Bosch described this marker as H103, found in 5 Basques and 5 Catalans. However a study in 2005 of Spanish Basques found lower levels of this haplogroup than those recorded in Basques by the earlier studies - only four samples out of the 168 tested.

In 2008 a study by Adams and colleagues covered the whole of the Iberian Peninsula. It found the highest levels of this haplogroup in Catalonia. In same year a study by López-Parra and colleagues concentrated on the populations of the Spanish Pyrenees. They discovered a high levels of this haplogroup in the central and eastern Pyrenees. The highest level so far discovered (48%) was found in the Val d'Aran, Catalonia.

In a larger study specifically of Portugal in 2006, with 663 men tested, Beleza et al. showed low levels of this haplogroup ( described in the paper as R1b3f) in all the major regions, from 1.5%-3.5%. Breaking the results down to district, only Lisboa (at 5.7%) had over 5%.

A 2012 study by Martinez-Cruz et al. found the following percentages of SRY2627: 7% in the three French departments of the Pays de Basque, 16% in Bearn, 14% in Bigorre, 7% in Chalosse, 6% in the Basque regions of Spain, 15% in La Rioja, and 19% in northern Aragon.

[Atlantic Islander]

Genetic structure of the Azores Islands: a study using 15 autosomal short tandem repeat loci.

The Azores archipelago (Portugal), located in the Atlantic Ocean, 1,500 km from the European mainland, is formed by nine islands of volcanic origin. The relative position of these islands allows the definition of three geographical groups: Eastern, Central and Western. Previous studies of the Azores using Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) have highlighted differences in the frequencies of several loci, when compared to Mainland Portugal or Madleira Island. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium (LD), described for Azorean samples has been tentatively explained as reflecting the presence of genetic sub-structuring in the archipelago. To provide information concerning the genetic profile of the Azores Islands and to evaluate the presence of substructuring we have determined the allelic frequencies of 15 autosomal STR loci, using the AmpFlSTR Identifiler Kit, in representative samples from the Azorean Islands. Either considering the Azores as a whole, or analysing by island all the loci were in conformity with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Average gene diversity ranged from 0.7669 in Corvo to 0.7972 in Terceira Island. Allelic independence between loci, tested for the global sample, detected significant LD (after correction for multiple tests) for pairs D21S11/D7S820 and D3S1358/D5S818. The exact test of population differentiation, combining the information of the 15 markers analysed, revealed significant differences between the three groups of islands, and between islands. Inter-island analysis reinforces the previous data that suggested the existence of sub-structuring in the Azores archipelago. Moreover, the data generated by this study can be used in a future forensic genetic database of the Azores after the appropriate enlacement of sample size by island, preventing, in that way, misinterpretations caused by population substructuring and small sample sizes.

[Atlantic Islander]

HLA class I and II polymorphisms in Azores show different settlements in Oriental and Central islands.

Human leucocyte antigen-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 polymorphisms were examined in the Azorean population. The data were obtained at high-resolution level, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence-specific primer, PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotides and sequence-based typing. The most frequent allele in each locus was: A*0201 (24.5%), B*510101 (9.8%), Cw*0401 (14.8%), DRB1*070101 (18.3%), DQA1*0201 (17.4%) and DQB1*0301 (19.4%). The predominant extended haplotype was A*0202-B*1503-Cw*0202-DRB1*090102-DQA1*0303- DQB1*0202 (1.9%), which was found to be absent in the Portuguese mainland. The present study corroborates historical sources that say the Azores were populated not only by Portuguese but also by other Europeans, mostly Flemish people. Despite dendrogram analysis showing some remote Asian genetic affinities, the lack of specific alleles and haplotypes from those populations does not allow us to conclude for direct influence. Haplotype and allele frequencies in Azores show no homogeneous distribution between Oriental and Central islands of this archipelago. The Oriental islands harbour several haplotypes already found in mainland Portugal and identified as Mediterranean and European. The Central group of islands on the contrary clearly shows an influence of north Europeans (most probably derived from a well-documented Flemish settlement), with much less affinity to mainland Portugal.

[Atlantic Islander]

Genetic profiling of the Azores Islands (Portugal): data from 10 X-chromosome STRs.

The populations from the Azores islands have been the target of several genetic studies, using data derived from monoparental and recombining genetic systems. These studies have provided a complex picture of the genetic landscape of the three groups of Azorean islands, and further data are required to assess its genetic profile. We present a study of the polymorphism in 10 X-chromosome STR loci (DSXS8378, DXS9898, DXS7133, GATA31E08, GATA172D05, DXS7423, DXS6809, DXS7132, DXS9902, DXS6789) conducted on a total of 304 chromosomes (97 females and 110 males) of unrelated individuals with Azorean ancestry. Average gene diversity was 74.47%, ranging from 66.21% (DXS7133) to 81.19% (GATA172D05). No shared haplotypes were found. Genotype frequencies among females displayed conformity with Hardy-Weinberg expectations for all loci. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium tests did not reveal evidences of association between the studied markers. Significant differences in allelic frequencies between the Western and the Eastern group of islands are in agreement with previous results from mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome studies, providing further evidence that the Azores cannot be considered an homogeneous population. Moreover, differences between the Western group and the North of Portugal are also reported, supporting the pertinence of a specific database for the Azores populations, on what concerns the genetic markers analyzed.

[Atlantic Islander]

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Ah, for anyone confused by them using the word Oriental - they actually mean Eastern - the two Eastern islands.

[Atlantic Islander]

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[Atlantic Islander]

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