Admixture between Ashkenazi Jews and Central Europeans

[Hors]

Admixture between Ashkenazi Jews and Central Europeans
When distinct populations inhabit the same geographic space, culture often acts to restrict random mating in our species, while at the same preventing complete genetic privacy. The residency across Central Europe by the Ashkenazi Jews over the last thousand years is such a case. HLA typing from bone marrow donor registries in Israel, Poland and Germany were utilized to measure admixture between central European host populations and Ashkenazim. Inferred high resolution HLA A-B-DRB1 haplotype frequencies were generated from each population. A total of 1,676 Polishorigin- Ashkenazim and 13,556 Polish haplotypes were analyzed, along with a similar sample of ~5 million German haplotypes. The informativeness of HLA haplotypes is shown by the A-B-DRB1 haplotype 0101-0801-0301, the most common haplotype found in northern Europe. HLA B*0801 bearing haplotypes are present in the Near East, but those B*0801 haplotypes carry the HLA C allele Cw*0702 instead of the Cw*0701 found in 0101-0801- 0301. The 100 most common haplotypes constituted 53% of the total Ashkenazi, and 45% of the Polish, and 43% of the German samples, reflecting the sizeable total fraction of very rare haplotypes familiar in population samples of the diverse HLA system. The most common Ashkenazi haplotype had a frequency of 6.14% (n = 102.9) and the 100th haplotype was present at 0.29% (n = 4.86). Comparable values for the Polish sample were 5.83% (n = 790.3) and 0.13% (n = 17.6), respectively. Haplotypes from one population compared to those haplotypes in a second could be classified into three categories: less frequent, statistically identical or more frequent. In the graph of the ordered 100 Polish haplotypes, the less frequent Ashkenazi haplotypes supply a possible signature of admixture from the Poles into the Polish Ashkenazim, while the haplotypes more frequent in Ashkenazim than Poles are candidates for movement of genes from the Ashkenazim to the Poles. The averaged frequency differences between these categories give an indication of population admixture. The analysis showed that 1.8% of Polish haplotypes may be of Ashkenazi origin and 0.6% of Ashkenazi of Polish origin. The sample from Germany, in which the initial generations of Polish- Ashkenazi history was spent, was useful in demonstrating consistency of haplotype frequencies by rank order. The results show clear evidence of admixture occurring in both directions between two largely HLA-distinct populations.

[Fortis in Arduis]

Admixture between Ashkenazi Jews and Central Europeans
When distinct populations inhabit the same geographic space, culture often acts to restrict random mating in our species, while at the same preventing complete genetic privacy. The residency across Central Europe by the Ashkenazi Jews over the last thousand years is such a case. HLA typing from bone marrow donor registries in Israel, Poland and Germany were utilized to measure admixture between central European host populations and Ashkenazim. Inferred high resolution HLA A-B-DRB1 haplotype frequencies were generated from each population. A total of 1,676 Polishorigin- Ashkenazim and 13,556 Polish haplotypes were analyzed, along with a similar sample of ~5 million German haplotypes. The informativeness of HLA haplotypes is shown by the A-B-DRB1 haplotype 0101-0801-0301, the most common haplotype found in northern Europe. HLA B*0801 bearing haplotypes are present in the Near East, but those B*0801 haplotypes carry the HLA C allele Cw*0702 instead of the Cw*0701 found in 0101-0801- 0301. The 100 most common haplotypes constituted 53% of the total Ashkenazi, and 45% of the Polish, and 43% of the German samples, reflecting the sizeable total fraction of very rare haplotypes familiar in population samples of the diverse HLA system. The most common Ashkenazi haplotype had a frequency of 6.14% (n = 102.9) and the 100th haplotype was present at 0.29% (n = 4.86). Comparable values for the Polish sample were 5.83% (n = 790.3) and 0.13% (n = 17.6), respectively. Haplotypes from one population compared to those haplotypes in a second could be classified into three categories: less frequent, statistically identical or more frequent. In the graph of the ordered 100 Polish haplotypes, the less frequent Ashkenazi haplotypes supply a possible signature of admixture from the Poles into the Polish Ashkenazim, while the haplotypes more frequent in Ashkenazim than Poles are candidates for movement of genes from the Ashkenazim to the Poles. The averaged frequency differences between these categories give an indication of population admixture. The analysis showed that 1.8% of Polish haplotypes may be of Ashkenazi origin and 0.6% of Ashkenazi of Polish origin. The sample from Germany, in which the initial generations of Polish- Ashkenazi history was spent, was useful in demonstrating consistency of haplotype frequencies by rank order. The results show clear evidence of admixture occurring in both directions between two largely HLA-distinct populations.

Rivetting. :)

[Bobby Martnen]

:jew:

[Peterski]

Jews lived mostly in towns and I checked how East Slavic were towns in Eastern Poland (now Ukraine/Belarus/Lithuania) before WW2. It turns out that there was not a single town over 15,000 inhabitants with majority East Slavic or/and Lithuanian population. All towns were >50% Polish-Jewish inhabited, so I suppose that any limited intermarriage between Jews and Christians in Eastern Poland before WW2 was mostly between Jews and Poles, rather than Non-Polish minorities.

Percent of Polish and Jewish population in towns over 15,000 inhabitants in Former Eastern Poland (1931 census):

Town / Population / Polish-speaking % (number) / Yiddish % (number) / Hebrew % (number) ===> Total % of Poles & Jews

Lwów (Lviv) / 312231 / 63.5% (198,212) / 21.6% (67,520) / 2.5% (7,796) ===> 88%
Wilno (Vilnius) / 195071 / 65.9% (128,628) / 24.4% (47,523) / 3.6% (7,073) ===> 94%
Stanisławów (Ivano-Frankivsk) / 59960 / 43.7% (26,187) / 34.4% (20,651) / 3.8% (2,293) ===> 82%
Grodno (Grodno) / 49669 / 47.2% (23,458) / 39.7% (19,717) / 2.4% (1,214) ===> 89%
Brześć (Brest-Litovsk) / 48385 / 42.6% (20,595) / 39.3% (19,032) / 4.7% (2,283) ===> 87%
Borysław (Boryslav) / 41496 / 55.3% (22,967) / 24.4% (10,139) / 1% (399) ===> 81%
Równe (Rivne) / 40612 / 27.5% (11,173) / 50.8% (20,635) / 4.7% (1,922) ===> 83%
Tarnopol (Ternopil) / 35644 / 77.7% (27,712) / 11.6% (4,130) / 2.4% (872) ===> 92%
Łuck (Lutsk) / 35554 / 31.9% (11,326) / 46.3% (16,477) / 2.2% (790) ===> 80%
Kołomyja (Kolomyya) / 33788 / 65% (21,969) / 19.3% (6,506) / 0.9% (292) ===> 85%
Drohobycz (Drohobych)/ 32261 / 58.4% (18,840) / 23.5% (7,589) / 1.2% (398) ===> 83%
Pińsk (Pinsk) / 31912 / 23% (7,346) / 50.3% (16,053) / 12.9% (4,128) ===> 86%
Stryj (Stryi) / 30491 / 42.3% (12,897) / 28.5% (8,691) / 2.9% (870) ===> 74%
Kowel (Kovel) / 27677 / 37.2% (10,295) / 39.1% (10,821) / 7.1% (1,965) ===> 83%
Włodzimierz (Vladimir) / 24591 / 39.1% (9,616) / 35.1% (8,623) / 8.1% (1,988) ===> 82%
Baranowicze (Baranavichy) / 22818 / 42.8% (9,758) / 38.4% (8,754) / 2.9% (669) ===> 84%
Sambor (Sambir)/ 21923 / 61.9% (13,575) / 22.5% (4,942) / 1.7% (383) ===> 86%
Krzemieniec (Kremenets) / 19877 / 15.6% (3,108) / 34.7% (6,904) / 1.7% (341) ===> 52%
Lida (Lida)/ 19326 / 63.3% (12,239) / 24.6% (4,760) / 8% (1,540) ===> 96%
Czortków (Chortkiv) / 19038 / 55.2% (10,504) / 22.4% (4,274) / 3.1% (586) ===> 81%
Brody (Brody) / 17905 / 44.9% (8,031) / 34% (6,085) / 1% (181) ===> 80%
Słonim (Slonim) / 16251 / 52% (8,452) / 36.5% (5,927) / 4.7% (756) ===> 93%

The only town in Former Eastern Poland with over 15,000 inhabitants that was close to being majority East Slavic, was Kremenets.

[Pine]

Jews lived mostly in towns and I checked how East Slavic were towns in Eastern Poland (now Ukraine/Belarus/Lithuania) before WW2. It turns out that there was not a single town over 15,000 inhabitants with majority East Slavic or/and Lithuanian population. All towns were >50% Polish-Jewish inhabited, so I suppose that any limited intermarriage between Jews and Christians in Eastern Poland before WW2 was mostly between Jews and Poles, rather than Non-Polish minorities.

Percent of Polish and Jewish population in towns over 15,000 inhabitants in Former Eastern Poland (1931 census):

Town / Population / Polish-speaking % (number) / Yiddish % (number) / Hebrew % (number) ===> Total % of Poles & Jews

Lwów (Lviv) / 312231 / 63.5% (198,212) / 21.6% (67,520) / 2.5% (7,796) ===> 88%
Wilno (Vilnius) / 195071 / 65.9% (128,628) / 24.4% (47,523) / 3.6% (7,073) ===> 94%
Stanisławów (Ivano-Frankivsk) / 59960 / 43.7% (26,187) / 34.4% (20,651) / 3.8% (2,293) ===> 82%
Grodno (Grodno) / 49669 / 47.2% (23,458) / 39.7% (19,717) / 2.4% (1,214) ===> 89%
Brześć (Brest-Litovsk) / 48385 / 42.6% (20,595) / 39.3% (19,032) / 4.7% (2,283) ===> 87%
Borysław (Boryslav) / 41496 / 55.3% (22,967) / 24.4% (10,139) / 1% (399) ===> 81%
Równe (Rivne) / 40612 / 27.5% (11,173) / 50.8% (20,635) / 4.7% (1,922) ===> 83%
Tarnopol (Ternopil) / 35644 / 77.7% (27,712) / 11.6% (4,130) / 2.4% (872) ===> 92%
Łuck (Lutsk) / 35554 / 31.9% (11,326) / 46.3% (16,477) / 2.2% (790) ===> 80%
Kołomyja (Kolomyya) / 33788 / 65% (21,969) / 19.3% (6,506) / 0.9% (292) ===> 85%
Drohobycz (Drohobych)/ 32261 / 58.4% (18,840) / 23.5% (7,589) / 1.2% (398) ===> 83%
Pińsk (Pinsk) / 31912 / 23% (7,346) / 50.3% (16,053) / 12.9% (4,128) ===> 86%
Stryj (Stryi) / 30491 / 42.3% (12,897) / 28.5% (8,691) / 2.9% (870) ===> 74%
Kowel (Kovel) / 27677 / 37.2% (10,295) / 39.1% (10,821) / 7.1% (1,965) ===> 83%
Włodzimierz (Vladimir) / 24591 / 39.1% (9,616) / 35.1% (8,623) / 8.1% (1,988) ===> 82%
Baranowicze (Baranavichy) / 22818 / 42.8% (9,758) / 38.4% (8,754) / 2.9% (669) ===> 84%
Sambor (Sambir)/ 21923 / 61.9% (13,575) / 22.5% (4,942) / 1.7% (383) ===> 86%
Krzemieniec (Kremenets) / 19877 / 15.6% (3,108) / 34.7% (6,904) / 1.7% (341) ===> 52%
Lida (Lida)/ 19326 / 63.3% (12,239) / 24.6% (4,760) / 8% (1,540) ===> 96%
Czortków (Chortkiv) / 19038 / 55.2% (10,504) / 22.4% (4,274) / 3.1% (586) ===> 81%
Brody (Brody) / 17905 / 44.9% (8,031) / 34% (6,085) / 1% (181) ===> 80%
Słonim (Slonim) / 16251 / 52% (8,452) / 36.5% (5,927) / 4.7% (756) ===> 93%

The only town in Former Eastern Poland with over 15,000 inhabitants that was close to being majority East Slavic, was Kremenets.

Check more cities in Polesia. Intuitively, they would've been filled with Poleschuks. Also, does the distribution during the Second Polish Republic reflect the one during the Russian Empire and the Commonwealth? Either way, almost all of the intermarriage would've been during the Commonwealth period, if not earlier, with the presence of West and East Knaanic Jews.

[Lobster]

Ashkenazim = half Mizrahim and half German/Russian
Sephardim = half Mizrahim and half south European