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No wars in Catalhoyuk for 4,000 years

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In the Neolithic settlement of Catalhoyuk, founded by 8,000 people in the Central Anatolian province of Konya and one of the earliest settlements in the history of mankind, no war, conflict or violent attacks occurred, archaeological excavations in the region have revealed.

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Catalhoyuk draws the attention of the world as it is one of the oldest and most important cultural heritage fields on the UNESCO World Heritage list.

Discovered by British archaeologist James Mellart and his team in the 1960s, excavations restarted in Catalhoyuk in 1993 under the leadership of British archaeologist Professor Ian Hodder of Stanford University.

Issues like the social structuring of the people, who lived in adobe houses next to each other in Catalhoyuk, their eating habits and dressing styles have been examined in Catalhoyuk.

The Catalhoyuk excavation field, some part of which was covered with a special wooden roof, is a popular spot for local and foreign tourists visiting the region.

Speaking to state-run Anadolu Agency, Hodder said excavations turned 25 this year in the ancient settlement and so far lots of findings have been unearthed.

He said Catalhoyuk is important because its history dates back to 9,000 years and covers a big area, adding that for the first time a settled life was found in Catalhoyuk, a place outside the Middle East. He said they unearthed findings related to nutrition, social and business relations in Catalhoyuk.

“Catalhoyuk was a very steady society. They lived for 4,000 years without any war or conflict. They succeeded to share a life in peace and create a very good example for modern societies. It was important to live collectively in a society. Individualism was not highlighted. They did not have a leader but a life in common. Relationship by affinity was not common. Biological families did not live together but they lived with other people in society. Genetically, they are mixed. They are a big family. We estimate that the number of people lived in a century in Catalhoyuk was between 3 and 8 million,” he added.

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