I find all these pre-historic cultures pretty fascinating :) which is also why any model with medieval Iberians are terribly dull for me
Code:[1,] "Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0246"
[2,] "Avar_Hungary_Szolad:Av2" "0.0259"
[3,] "Slavic_Bohemia:RISE569" "0.026"
[4,] "Avar_Hungary_Szolad:Av1" "0.0264"
[5,] "Sunghir_Medieval:Sunghir6" "0.0278"
[6,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA197" "0.0295"
[7,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_urm160" "0.0297"
[8,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_KAL006" "0.0304"
[9,] "Scythian_Ukraine:scy009" "0.0305"
[10,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_grt036" "0.0322"
[11,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I5531" "0.0333"
[12,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_stg020" "0.0336"
[13,] "Hungary_BA:I1504" "0.034"
[14,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_urm035" "0.034"
[15,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_stg026" "0.0341"
[16,] "CWC_Poland:N49" "0.0346"
[17,] "Varna_o:ANI163" "0.0346"
[18,] "Scythian_Ukraine:scy010" "0.0353"
[19,] "Hallstatt_Bylany:DA112" "0.0353"
[20,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA194" "0.0362"
[21,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA195" "0.0364"
[22,] "CWC_Poland_o:N47" "0.0365"
[23,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5" "0.0368"
[24,] "Beaker_Czech:I5025" "0.0369"
[25,] "Poland_EBA:I6579" "0.0373"
[26,] "Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163" "0.0376"
[27,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_84001" "0.038"
[28,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_97002" "0.0389"
[29,] "Beaker_Czech:I4945" "0.0391"
[30,] "Lithuania_BA:Turlojiske3" "0.0397"
[31,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA191" "0.0401"
[32,] "Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.0402"
[33,] "Hungary_Medieval:DA199" "0.0403"
[34,] "Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12031" "0.0405"
[35,] "Germany_Medieval_ACD:STR_228" "0.0406"
[36,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I3600" "0.0407"
[37,] "Scythian_Moldova_o2:scy303" "0.041"
[38,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno:CL53" "0.041"
[39,] "Beaker_Czech:I5666" "0.0414"
[40,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ24" "0.0416"
[41,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ11" "0.0416"
[42,] "England_IA:L-I0789" "0.0416"
[43,] "Germany_Medieval:AED_1135" "0.0417"
[44,] "Czech_EBA:I7200" "0.042"
[45,] "Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.0422"
[46,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy301" "0.0424"
[47,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I3589" "0.0424"
[48,] "Poland_EBA:N17" "0.0426"
[49,] "Balkans_BA:I2165" "0.0427"
[50,] "Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns194" "0.0428"
[51,] "Czech_EBA:I4892" "0.0428"
[52,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ22" "0.043"
[53,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_84005" "0.0431"
[54,] "Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_gtm021" "0.0432"
[55,] "Krasnoyarsk_MLBA:I3392" "0.0432"
[56,] "Hungary_BA:I1502" "0.0434"
[57,] "Germany_Medieval_ACD:STR_220" "0.0434"
[58,] "Lithuania_BA:Turlojiske1" "0.0435"
[59,] "Slovakia_Poprad_Med:DA119" "0.0435"
[60,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I5525" "0.0436"
Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 is VisigothCode:
[1,] "56.1% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 43.9% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0128"
[2,] "55.1% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 44.9% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0128"
[3,] "33.1% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ3 + 66.9% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0129"
[4,] "37.1% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 62.9% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.013"
[5,] "51.8% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 48.2% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.0133"
[6,] "35.9% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 64.1% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0135"
[7,] "50.8% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 49.2% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.0137"
[8,] "37.2% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 62.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.014"
[9,] "52.5% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 47.5% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.014"
[10,] "41.1% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ40 + 58.9% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.014"
[11,] "42.4% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ40 + 57.6% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.0146"
[12,] "70.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 29.7% Scythian_Moldova:scy311" "0.0146"
[13,] "24.2% Iberia_Southeast_c.10-16CE:I12516 + 75.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0146"
[14,] "56.9% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 43.1% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0146"
[15,] "27.1% Balkans_BA:I4332 + 72.9% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0147"
[16,] "30.7% Beaker_Czech:I7278 + 69.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0148"
[17,] "52.2% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 47.8% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.0148"
[18,] "51.7% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ3 + 48.3% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0149"
[19,] "25% Iberia_Southeast_c.3-4CE:I4054 + 75% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0149"
[20,] "30.6% Beaker_Czech:I7276 + 69.4% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.015"
[21,] "29.9% Beaker_Bavaria:I3588 + 70.1% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0151"
[22,] "45.4% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ40 + 54.6% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0151"
[23,] "25.4% Iberia_Southeast_c.10-16CE:I12647 + 74.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0152"
[24,] "26.4% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ40 + 73.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0153"
[25,] "26.4% Iberia_East_IA:I3324 + 73.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0154"
[26,] "53.3% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 46.7% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.0154"
[27,] "28.7% Beaker_Poland:I6582 + 71.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0155"
[28,] "55.3% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 44.7% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns19" "0.0155"
[29,] "30.5% Beaker_Czech:I7214 + 69.5% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0155"
[30,] "23% Beaker_Italy_North:I1979 + 77% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0156"
[31,] "45.8% Balkans_BA:I4332 + 54.2% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0156"
[32,] "32.6% Czech_EBA:I7200 + 67.4% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0157"
[33,] "33.4% Beaker_Bavaria:I3600 + 66.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0157"
[34,] "28.2% Beaker_Czech:I7287 + 71.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0158"
[35,] "40% Italy_Medieval_Collegno_o1:CL38 + 60% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.016"
[36,] "45% Beaker_Bavaria:I3588 + 55% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns25" "0.016"
[37,] "31.2% Beaker_Mittelelbe-Saale:I0111 + 68.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.016"
[38,] "28.4% England_IA:M1489 + 71.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0161"
[39,] "68.5% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 31.5% Slovakia_Poprad_Med:DA119" "0.0161"
[40,] "29.7% Beaker_Czech:I7211 + 70.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0161"
[41,] "63.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 36.2% Scythian_Hungary:DA195" "0.0161"
[42,] "54.1% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 45.9% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns222" "0.0162"
[43,] "27.3% Beaker_Britain:I2568 + 72.7% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0162"
[44,] "73.1% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 26.9% USA_colonial_period:US-14" "0.0162"
[45,] "49.6% Beaker_Bavaria:I3588 + 50.4% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209" "0.0162"
[46,] "20.9% Iberia_East_IA:I3327 + 79.1% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0163"
[47,] "31.2% Beaker_Bavaria:I5525 + 68.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0163"
[48,] "18.2% Baden_LCA:I5117 + 81.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0164"
[49,] "27.5% Beaker_Britain:I6775 + 72.5% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0164"
[50,] "51.1% Latvia_BA:Kivutkalns209 + 48.9% Scythian_Moldova:scy311" "0.0164"
[51,] "63.9% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 36.1% Scythian_Hungary:DA194" "0.0164"
[52,] "33.2% Hungary_Medieval:DA199 + 66.8% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0165"
[53,] "28% Beaker_Czech:I7289 + 72% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0165"
[54,] "23.4% Beaker_Czech:I7283 + 76.6% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0165"
[55,] "63.2% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 36.8% Scythian_Ukraine:scy010" "0.0165"
[56,] "31.8% Beaker_Bavaria:I3589 + 68.2% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0165"
[57,] "29.5% England_CA_EBA:I2618 + 70.5% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0165"
[58,] "57.4% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29 + 42.6% Scythian_Hungary:DA197" "0.0166"
[59,] "25.7% Beaker_Czech:I7271 + 74.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0166"
[60,] "28.7% Beaker_Czech:I4886 + 71.3% Kazakhstan_Golden_Horde_Euro:DA29" "0.0166"
[QUOTE=LukaszM;5956406Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12 163 is Visigoth[/QUOTE]
Do mine as well please?
,PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4,PC5,PC6,PC7,PC8,PC9,PC10,PC11,PC1 2,PC13,PC14,PC15,PC16,PC17,PC18,PC19,PC20,PC21,PC2 2,PC23,PC24,PC25
Slavic Italian,0.0107,0.0135,0.0113,0.0072,0.0104,0.0026,-0.0005,0.0007,0.0041,0.0017,0.0004,-0.0005,-0.0007,0.0036,0.0048,-0.0049,-0.014,-0.0017,0.0001,-0.0007,0.0029,-0.0001,0.0032,0.0018,-0.0009
Ancient
Code:[,1] [,2]
[1,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy311" "0.0235"
[2,] "Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179" "0.0245"
[3,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy301" "0.0247"
[4,] "Beaker_Czech:I4945" "0.0254"
[5,] "Anatolia_IA:MA2198" "0.0255"
[6,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I5017" "0.026"
[7,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5" "0.026"
[8,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ36" "0.0263"
[9,] "Germany_Medieval_ACD:STR_310" "0.0264"
[10,] "Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163" "0.027"
[11,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA195" "0.0272"
[12,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ27" "0.0275"
[13,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ37" "0.0278"
[14,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ40" "0.0282"
[15,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ18" "0.0289"
[16,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno_o1:CL38" "0.029"
[17,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno:CL53" "0.0291"
[18,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ43" "0.0292"
[19,] "Hungary_Medieval:DA199" "0.0296"
[20,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy192" "0.0312"
[21,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ45" "0.0312"
[22,] "Germany_Medieval_ACD:STR_328" "0.0319"
[23,] "Anatolia_Ottoman:MA2196" "0.032"
[24,] "Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12031" "0.0321"
[25,] "Balkans_BA:I4331" "0.0324"
[26,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno_o1:CL30" "0.0325"
[27,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno_o1:CL25" "0.0327"
[28,] "Balkans_BA:I2165" "0.0328"
[29,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ32" "0.0329"
[30,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy305" "0.0329"
[31,] "Beaker_Czech:I4885" "0.0329"
[32,] "Ostrogothic_Crimea_ACD:KER_1" "0.0333"
[33,] "Beaker_Czech:I4896" "0.0334"
[34,] "Gepid_Serbia_ACD:VIM_2" "0.0337"
[35,] "Germany_Medieval_ACD:STR_228" "0.0338"
[36,] "Italy_Medieval_Collegno:CL102" "0.0343"
[37,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ23" "0.0343"
[38,] "Scythian_Ukraine:scy010" "0.0343"
[39,] "Balkans_BA:I4332" "0.0345"
[40,] "Beaker_Poland:I6582" "0.0346"
[41,] "Varna_o:ANI163" "0.0347"
[42,] "Scythian_Moldova:scy300" "0.0348"
[43,] "Kazakhstan_Turk:DA228" "0.0351"
[44,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I3588" "0.0351"
[45,] "Armenia_IA_Lchashen_Metsamor:DA35" "0.0352"
[46,] "Germany_Medieval:AED_1135" "0.0353"
[47,] "Beaker_Czech:I4886" "0.0353"
[48,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ28" "0.0354"
[49,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I6591" "0.0355"
[50,] "Beaker_Czech:I7275" "0.0355"
[51,] "Maros:RISE374" "0.0356"
[52,] "Scythian_Hungary:DA197" "0.0356"
[53,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I5529" "0.0357"
[54,] "Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ3" "0.0359"
[55,] "Hungary_BA:SZ1" "0.0365"
[56,] "Armenia_ChL:I1407" "0.0365"
[57,] "Balkans_IA:I5769" "0.0366"
[58,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I3589" "0.0367"
[59,] "Beaker_Bavaria:I3600" "0.0368"
[60,] "Alberstedt_LN:I0118" "0.0368"
Code:[,1]
[1,] "49.9% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 50.1% Beaker_Czech:I4945"
[2,] "40.3% Barcin_N:I1585 + 59.7% Wusun:DA227"
[3,] "62% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 38% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790730"
[4,] "58.1% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179 + 41.9% Scythian_Moldova:scy192"
[5,] "52% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 48% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163"
[6,] "37.4% Barcin_N:I1581 + 62.6% Wusun:DA227"
[7,] "42.5% Tepecik_Ciftlik_N:Tep002 + 57.5% Wusun:DA227"
[8,] "50.7% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 49.3% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5"
[9,] "53.7% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179 + 46.3% Scythian_Hungary:DA195"
[10,] "41.9% Armenia_IA_Lchashen_Metsamor:DA35 + 58.1% Scythian_Hungary:DA195"
[11,] "63.3% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 36.7% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790730"
[12,] "60.5% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 39.5% Beaker_Bavaria:I3588"
[13,] "38.7% LBK_N:I0100 + 61.3% Wusun:DA227"
[14,] "38.1% TDLN:I1899 + 61.9% Wusun:DA227"
[15,] "41.7% Barcin_N:I1098 + 58.3% Wusun:DA227"
[16,] "39.3% Barcin_N:I1580 + 60.7% Wusun:DA227"
[17,] "56% Anatolia_EBA_Isparta:I2495 + 44% Oy_Dzhaylau_MLBA:I3861"
[18,] "52% Sarmatian_Urals:tem003 + 48% Tepecik_Ciftlik_N:Tep003"
[19,] "51.6% Sarmatian_Pokrovka:I0575 + 48.4% Tepecik_Ciftlik_N:Tep003"
[20,] "48.5% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 51.5% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179"
[21,] "35.6% Balkans_N:I2533 + 64.4% Wusun:DA227"
[22,] "61.5% Iberia_Northeast_c.6CE_PL:I12163 + 38.5% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790730"
[23,] "37.5% Barcin_N:I1096 + 62.5% Wusun:DA227"
[24,] "42.2% Barcin_N:I1098 + 57.8% Taldysay_MLBA2:I4794"
[25,] "48.1% Oy_Dzhaylau_MLBA:I4791 + 51.9% Tepecik_Ciftlik_N:Tep003"
[26,] "38.9% Armenia_IA_Lchashen_Metsamor:DA35 + 61.1% Beaker_Czech:I4945"
[27,] "40.4% Barcin_N:I1585 + 59.6% Kangju:DA229"
[28,] "37.4% Balkans_N:I0633 + 62.6% Wusun:DA227"
[29,] "52.4% Oy_Dzhaylau_MLBA:I3861 + 47.6% Tepecik_Ciftlik_N:Tep003"
[30,] "35.1% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790730 + 64.9% Scythian_Moldova:scy301"
[31,] "63.7% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 36.3% Hasanlu_IA:F38"
[32,] "37.6% Barcin_N:I0744 + 62.4% Wusun:DA227"
[33,] "37.3% LBKT_MN:I1904 + 62.7% Wusun:DA227"
[34,] "56.1% Anatolia_EBA_Isparta:I2495 + 43.9% Tagar:DA6"
[35,] "60.6% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 39.4% Beaker_Poland:I6582"
[36,] "56.3% Anatolia_EBA_Isparta:I2495 + 43.7% Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_urm035"
[37,] "33.7% Hajji_Firuz_ChL:I4241 + 66.3% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5"
[38,] "56.5% Anatolia_EBA_Ovaoren:MA2212 + 43.5% Sweden_Viking_Age_Sigtuna:vik_stg020"
[39,] "42% Barcin_N:I1098 + 58% Kangju:DA229"
[40,] "38% Barcin_N:I0707 + 62% Wusun:DA227"
[41,] "47.5% Beaker_Bavaria:I5017 + 52.5% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179"
[42,] "30.1% Balkans_BA:I2520 + 69.9% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179"
[43,] "69.9% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 30.1% Hajji_Firuz_ChL:I4349"
[44,] "42% Vinca_MN:I1895 + 58% Wusun:DA227"
[45,] "68.5% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ5 + 31.5% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790733"
[46,] "28.7% Beaker_Hungary:I7045 + 71.3% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179"
[47,] "69.3% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 30.7% Levant_BA_North:ERS1790733"
[48,] "69.1% Italy_Medieval_Collegno_o1:CL38 + 30.9% Oy_Dzhaylau_MLBA:I4791"
[49,] "46.5% Anatolia_IA:MA2198 + 53.5% Scythian_Moldova:scy311"
[50,] "47% Hungary_Medieval_Szolad:SZ36 + 53% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179"
[51,] "45.6% Minoan_Lasithi:I0070 + 54.4% Wusun:DA227"
[52,] "56.3% Anatolia_EBA_Isparta:I2495 + 43.7% Karasuk:RISE502"
[53,] "36.9% Barcin_N:I1097 + 63.1% Wusun:DA227"
[54,] "39.1% LBK_N:I0026 + 60.9% Wusun:DA227"
[55,] "70.3% Kazakhstan_Kipchak:DA179 + 29.7% Mycenaean:I9006"
[56,] "36.7% Barcin_N:I1585 + 63.3% Hun_Tian_Shan:DA69"
[57,] "45.2% Minoan_Lasithi:I0071 + 54.8% Wusun:DA227"
[58,] "50.8% Mycenaean:I9006 + 49.2% Wusun:DA227"
[59,] "60.2% Anatolia_EBA_Isparta:I2495 + 39.8% Sintashta_MLBA:I1088"
[60,] "71.2% Beaker_Czech:I4945 + 28.8% Hajji_Firuz_ChL:I4351"
[,2]
[1,] "0.0127"
[2,] "0.0132"
[3,] "0.0135"
[4,] "0.0138"
[5,] "0.014"
[6,] "0.014"
[7,] "0.0141"
[8,] "0.0141"
[9,] "0.0141"
[10,] "0.0142"
[11,] "0.0146"
[12,] "0.0148"
[13,] "0.015"
[14,] "0.015"
[15,] "0.0151"
[16,] "0.0151"
[17,] "0.0151"
[18,] "0.0152"
[19,] "0.0152"
[20,] "0.0153"
[21,] "0.0153"
[22,] "0.0154"
[23,] "0.0154"
[24,] "0.0154"
[25,] "0.0155"
[26,] "0.0155"
[27,] "0.0155"
[28,] "0.0156"
[29,] "0.0156"
[30,] "0.0156"
[31,] "0.0156"
[32,] "0.0156"
[33,] "0.0157"
[34,] "0.0157"
[35,] "0.0157"
[36,] "0.0157"
[37,] "0.0157"
[38,] "0.0158"
[39,] "0.0158"
[40,] "0.0158"
[41,] "0.0158"
[42,] "0.0158"
[43,] "0.0158"
[44,] "0.0158"
[45,] "0.0158"
[46,] "0.0158"
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[49,] "0.0159"
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[53,] "0.016"
[54,] "0.016"
[55,] "0.016"
[56,] "0.016"
[57,] "0.016"
[58,] "0.016"
[59,] "0.016"
[60,] "0.016"
>
The Visigoths (/ˈvɪzɪɡɒθs/; Latin: Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, Wisi) were the western branches of the nomadic tribes of Germanic peoples referred to collectively as the Goths. These tribes flourished and spread throughout the late Roman Empire in Late Antiquity, or what is known as the Migration Period. The Visigoths emerged from earlier Gothic groups (possibly the Thervingi) who had invaded the Roman Empire beginning in 376 and had defeated the Romans at the Battle of Adrianople in 378. Relations between the Romans and the Visigoths were variable, alternately warring with one another and making treaties when convenient. The Visigoths invaded Italy under Alaric I and sacked Rome in 410. After the Visigoths sacked Rome, they began settling down, first in southern Gaul and eventually in Hispania, where they founded the Visigothic Kingdom and maintained a presence from the 5th to the 8th centuries AD.
Gothic War (376–382)
The Thervingi remained in western Scythia (probably modern Moldavia and Wallachia) until 376, when one of their leaders, Fritigern, appealed to the Roman emperor Valens to be allowed to settle with his people on the south bank of the Danube. The vision that there, they hoped to find refuge from the Huns, is today contested by historians. It is more likely that they settled because of peace negotiations following the first Gothic War. Valens permitted this. However, a famine broke out and Rome was unwilling to supply them with the food they were promised nor the land; open revolt ensued leading to 6 years of plundering and destruction throughout the Balkans, the death of a Roman Emperor and the destruction of an entire Roman army. The Battle of Adrianople in 378 was the decisive moment of the war. The Roman forces were slaughtered; the Emperor Valens was killed during the fighting, shocking the Roman world and eventually forcing the Romans to negotiate with and settle the Barbarians on Roman land, a new trend with far reaching consequences for the eventual fall of the Roman Empire.
Religion
Settled in Dacia, the Thervingi adopted Arianism, at the time in power in the Eastern Empire, a branch of Christianity that believed that Jesus was not an aspect of God in the Trinity, but a demigod. This belief was in opposition to the tenets of Catholicism, which achieved a religious monopoly in the late 4th and 5th century.
Early origins
Historian Malcolm Todd contends that while this large en masse migration is possible, the movement of Gothic peoples south-east was more likely the result of warrior bands moving closer to the wealth of Ukraine and the cities of the Black Sea coast. Perhaps what is most notable about the Gothic people in this regard was that by the middle of the 3rd century AD, they were "the most formidable military power beyond the lower Danube frontier".
Throughout the third and fourth centuries there were numerous conflicts and exchanges of varying types between the Goths and their neighbors. After the Romans withdrew from the territory of Dacia, the local population was subjected to constant invasions by the migratory tribes, among the first being the Goths. In 238, the Goths invaded across the Danube into the Roman province of Moesia, pillaging and exacting payment through hostage taking. During the war with the Persians that year, Goths also appeared in the Roman armies of Gordian III. When subsidies to the Goths were stopped, the Goths organized and in 250 joined a major barbarian invasion led by the Germanic king, Kniva. Success on the battlefield against the Romans inspired additional invasions into the northern Balkans and deeper into Anatolia. Starting in approximately 255, the Goths added a new dimension to their attacks by taking to the sea and invading harbors which brought them into conflict with the Greeks as well. When the city of Pityus fell to the Goths in 256, the Goths were further emboldened. Sometime between 266–267, the Goths raided Greece but when they attempted to move into the Bosporus straits to attack Byzantium, they were repulsed. Along with other Germanic tribes, they attacked further into Anatolia, assaulting Crete and Cyprus on the way; shortly thereafter, they pillaged Troy and the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. Throughout the reign of emperor Constantine the Great, the Visigoths continued to conduct raids on Roman territory south of the Danube River. By 332, relations between the Goths and Romans were stabilized by a treaty but this was not to last.
Results of a Tamil brahmin
[1,] "65.9% Khatri:K-10 + 34.1% Pallan:PL1-43"
[2,] "53.8% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 46.2% Sakilli:SAKD60"
[3,] "61.4% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 38.6% Madiga:S_Madiga-2"
[4,] "51.3% Khatri:K-69 + 48.7% Pallan:PL1-09"
[5,] "50.3% Sakilli:SAKD64 + 49.7% Sindhi:HGDP00210"
[6,] "63.1% Khatri:K-10 + 36.9% Sakilli:SAKD64"
[7,] "59.4% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 40.6% Pallan:PL1-09"
[8,] "67.8% Punjabi_Lahore:S_Punjabi-1 + 32.2% Sindhi:HGDP00210"
[9,] "61.9% Gujar:G-113 + 38.1% Pulliyar:PULD172"
[10,] "53.7% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 46.3% Pallan:PL1-38"
[11,] "59.3% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 40.7% North_Kannadi:KNTK392"
[12,] "53.9% Khatri:K-69 + 46.1% Mala:S_Mala-3"
[13,] "62% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 38% Mala:S_Mala-3"
[14,] "54.4% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 45.6% Pallan:PL1-15"
[15,] "61.7% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 38.3% Mala:S_Mala-2"
[16,] "52% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 48% Maratha:MT-05"
[17,] "60.7% Gujar:G-113 + 39.3% Kadar:KA-5"
[18,] "48.3% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 51.7% Maratha:MT-17"
[19,] "45.7% Brahmin_Gujarat:GBR-19 + 54.3% Gujarati:NA20847"
[20,] "58.9% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 41.1% Pallan:PL1-31"
[21,] "62.2% Punjabi_Lahore:S_Punjabi-1 + 37.8% Saidu_Sharif_IA:I6888"
[22,] "44.4% Brahmin_Gujarat:GBR-12 + 55.6% Velamas:VELZ267"
[23,] "39.5% Gujarati:NA20847 + 60.5% Iyer:IR-1-11"
[24,] "50.2% Gujar:G-168 + 49.8% Sakilli:SAKD64"
[25,] "75.1% Iyer:IR-1-21 + 24.9% Saidu_Sharif_IA:I6888"
[26,] "55.7% Gujar:G-82 + 44.3% Pallan:PL1-43"
[27,] "45.4% Khatri:K-69 + 54.6% Pallan:PL1-38"
[28,] "65% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 35% Irula:IL-12"
[29,] "53.3% Gujar:G-113 + 46.7% Madiga:S_Madiga-2"
[30,] "6.5% Even:even2682 + 93.5% Gujarati:NA20869"
[31,] "10.3% Chuvash:546_R02C02 + 89.7% Gujarati:NA20847"
[32,] "54.1% Brahmin_West_Bengal:BR2_19 + 45.9% Velamas:VELZ267"
[33,] "55.6% Kohistani:K-146 + 44.4% Mala:S_Mala-3"
[34,] "27.7% Irula:IL-29 + 72.3% Khatri:K-10"
[35,] "65.7% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 34.3% Irula:IL-35"
[36,] "50.7% Khatri:K-69 + 49.3% Pallan:PL1-31"
[37,] "43.6% Gujarati:NA21086 + 56.4% Iyer:IR-1-7"
[38,] "58.2% Gujar:G-113 + 41.8% Kadar:KA-27"
[39,] "62.4% Gujarati:NA20847 + 37.6% Khatri:K-10"
[40,] "88.3% Gujarati:NA20847 + 11.7% Udmurt:152_R02C01"
[41,] "93.1% Gujarati:NA20869 + 6.9% Yukagir_Tundra:Ckrd18"
[42,] "51.7% Pallan:PL1-42 + 48.3% Sindhi:HGDP00210"
[43,] "73.6% Iyer:IR-1-11 + 26.4% Punjabi_Lahore:HG02687"
[44,] "61% Gujar:GJ30 + 39% Madiga:S_Madiga-2"
[45,] "67% Gujar:GJ42 + 33% Kadar:KA-18"
[46,] "89.2% Gujarati:NA20847 + 10.8% Udmurt:153_R02C01"
[47,] "50.4% Brahmin_West_Bengal:BR2_7 + 49.6% Iyer:IR-1-21"
[48,] "91.2% Gujarati:NA20847 + 8.8% Mari:mari5"
[49,] "91% Gujarati:NA20847 + 9% Mari:mari3"
[50,] "55.3% Gujar:G-95 + 44.7% Madiga:S_Madiga-2"
[51,] "63.4% Gujar:G-113 + 36.6% Paniya:PY-9"
[52,] "58.6% Brahmin_West_Bengal:BR2_7 + 41.4% Gujarati:NA20847"
[53,] "53.4% Brahmin_West_Bengal:BR2_7 + 46.6% Iyer:IR-1-5"
[54,] "6.5% Even:even1574 + 93.5% Gujarati:NA20869"
[55,] "40.3% Brahmin_Gujarat:GBR-10 + 59.7% Punjabi_Lahore:S_Punjabi-1"
[56,] "61.4% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 38.6% Maratha:MT-08"
[57,] "48.7% Punjabi_Jat:PJ002 + 51.3% Sakilli:SAKD64"
[58,] "60.9% Iyer:IR-1-11 + 39.1% Iyer:IR-1-7"
[59,] "90.1% Gujarati:NA20869 + 9.9% Yukagir_Forest:Nel15"
[60,] "47.9% Butkara_IA:I6549 + 52.1% Piramalai:PK6415"