Genetically diverse and homogenous ethnicities of Europe

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Originally Posted by Peterski

Andrei, are you using Leshukonsky samples from Jeong & Balanovsky 2019 study?

These samples:

Rakrlsh-002
Rakrlsh-140
Rakrlsh-143
Rakrlsh-144
Rakrlsh-149

I added them to my K36-based PCA and this is how they plot (see 5 black dots):

https://i.postimg.cc/Bqq1m6SJ/Leshukonsky.png

https://i.postimg.cc/Bqq1m6SJ/Leshukonsky.png

Maybe it is a limitation of K36 but as you can see they are not drastically different.
Their average / midpoint plots within the Russian area based on other averages.

In fact their midpoint plots right next to my average for Arkhangelsk Oblast (which includes also Krasnoborsky samples).
Can we see how Russians from Arkhangelsk Oblast plot in a G25-based PCA?

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Andrei can you show us a PCA where Central Russians plot closer to Anatolian Turks than to Northern Russians?

It can be a PCA from some academic study.

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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ar...l.pone.0058552

on this PCA in particular, central russians are way closer to Italians than to Northern Russians
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ar...e.0058552.g003

The thing is you can setup PCA in any way you want. It's not objective, unlike F statistics.

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Originally Posted by AndreiDNA

Central Russians are closer to anatolian turks than to northern russians.

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How????

PCA is very easy to manipulate. I can make a PCA showing anything I want.
Here's a PCA I made using G25 coordinates and only 3 anchors, Volga_IA, Latvian, and Mbuti. I set it up this way to maximize the distance between Northern Russians and other populations in europe, and minimize the differences between northern russians and any population "east" of the Urals. This PCA shows northern russians clustering closer to Yakuts than to central russians. Quite profound stuff.
Attachment 148250
I am not a big fan of PCA based calculators and especially using something this unstable and manipulatable to compare how diverse different ethnicities are. Of course using K36, Germans will be more "diverse" than Russians. Russian diversity is in the Eastern Europe - Volga Ural spectrum. Only 2 anchors. German diversity hits much more anchors. "French" "North Sea" "North Atlantic" "Iberian" "East Central European" and many more anchors. The same can be said of the anchors in G25. Although in G25, Russians are still the most diverse europeans with a max distance of 0.09 between russian Leshukonsk and Belgorod. I'm pretty sure the distance from Danish to Spanish is like 0.08...
Here's an F2 based PCA system I made with 3 anchors, which are Sardinian, Mansi, and Lithuanian. This is an "intellectually honest" way to envision european ancestry.
Attachment 148251