more photos of Sudan Pyramids
http://abunawaf.com/wp-content/uploa...e-1024x648.jpg
https://dotmsrstaging.s3-eu-west-1.a...0786115930.jpg
http://d2a0do11gpvbrl.cloudfront.net...s-of-Meroe.jpg
Printable View
Nobody can ever name an African civilization that wasn't from North Africa or the Horn of Africa.
Here are some of the more well-known ones from Sub-Saharan Africa:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sao_civilisation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nok_culture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songhai_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolof_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jolof
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mutapa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom
most of africa was illiterate but few did have some use symbols for meaning. And i am not talking egyptians.theres one called nbsidi . Theres another script i forgot what its called. I am not sure if its the val script or another one but it was rediscovered in brazil with brazilian africans still using the script and was restored into use fo one of the countries. But even most africans dont even know anything about stuff like that. They werent allowed to learn about stuff like that anyways in colonial times.
the tauregs are said to als to be the closest to the ancient berber script. They are mixed though
they also had had blacksmithing in some parts that was done. Nok people i think are ones to first do it for them and did it independantly. Its why they had sword weapons also and some bronze art in african empires predating colonialism.
Proof of literacy, regardless of location, only shows up relatively recently. Most ruins are of groups that are just assumed illiterate because there is no proof of it (though they may well have been regardless).
I don't think that any mention of the age of the nigerian ruins was found. There's also lots of weird ruins in south africa as well, but again what people mostly seem to care about are black africans and they only came there very recently. Who lived there thousands of years ago? It is not clear. How old are the ruins? Impossible to say, but they generally just make up some BS number - they could be 10k years old for all we know.
They are some old civilizations probably that predate most likely. But the bulk of more recent african civilization in west africa stems from the bantu migration out. Theres a old story folklore about one african guy from a specific kingdom that helped pread the bantu migration. Id have to look it up later. But yea like the case of zimbabwe stone structures is unknown case. Most west africans that were literate were practicing islam and wrote in arabic and thats how they had the library of timbiktu which i think was from the mandinkas but i could be wrong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Nubian_language
Nubians were writing in the eight century before most Europeans. The earliest form of writing in Europe is the Greek alphabet in the late eight century BC which came from the Phoenicians.
Sub-Saharan Africans smelted iron in 500 B.C.
http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/...outhern-africa
or Kerma Culture
http://www.ducksters.com/history/africa/kush_map.jpg
The Kingdom of Kush lasted for over 1400 years. It was first established around 1070 BCE when it gained its independence from Egypt. It quickly became a major power in Northeast Africa. In 727 BCE, Kush took control of Egypt and ruled until the Assyrians arrived. The empire began to weaken after Rome conquered Egypt and eventually collapsed sometime in the 300s CE.
The Kingdom of Kush was very similar to Ancient Egypt in many aspects including government, culture, and religion. Like the Egyptians, the Kushites built pyramids at burial sites, worshiped Egyptian gods, and mummified the dead. The ruling class of Kush likely considered themselves Egyptian in many ways.
http://www.ducksters.com/history/afr...s_at_meroe.jpg
Two of the most important resources of Ancient Kush were gold and iron. Gold helped Kush to become wealthy as it could be traded to the Egyptians and other nearby nations. Iron was the most important metal of the age. It was used to make the strongest tools and weapons.
Outside of the Pharaoh and the ruling class, the priests were the most important social class in Kush. They made the laws and communicated with the gods. Just below the priests were the artisans and scribes. Artisans worked the iron and gold that was such an important part of the Kushite economy. Farmers were also respected as they provided the food for the country. At the bottom were servants, laborers, and slaves.
Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/history/afr...om_of_kush.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.