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A very slow assimilation happened between the 2nd century and the Mongol conquest. The Turkic and Iranic elites were united, but the basic population were the Iranians. The Mongol conquest basically exterminated a majority of the Central Asian population, after the 13th century a rural peoples were settled Turks (mixed with Iranians), but the urban peoples were mostly Iranians (mixed with Turks). This was the situation in the beginning of the Soviet times. But Soviets created ethnic Turkic republics and these republics opressed and assimilated the Iranian (the Soviets called them: Tajik) minority.
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