R1a - news, charts, trees, maps, scientific papers, questions, answers

[Artek]

I wanted to make a unified, R1a-specific thread, so we will have everything in one place. Thread name contains every kind of material that is appreciated here.

So - let's get started.
This is how simplified R1a tree from R1a1 and sublades project has evolved in almost 3 years!:

[Cern]

Where the most common R1a-Z280? What is history and origin this haplogroup? Which meta-ethnic/language family relationship?

[Unome]

Interesting stuff

[Artek]

Where the most common R1a-Z280?

Among Balts and Slavs and more in the Eastern and Southern Slavs than in the Western Slavs. It's probably a result of an R1a-M458 founder-effect among Western Slavs.

What is history and origin this haplogroup? Which meta-ethnic/language family relationship?

Z280 is aged circa 3000 BC(probably even more) so it's a good candidate for one of the branches among Corded Ware people,especially for it's Central, Eastern and Northeastern European zone( Middle Dnieper Culture: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Dnieper_culture , Fatyanovo-Balanovo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatyanovo-Balanovo_culture ). However, we can also notice some interesting early Z280 branches that exist mostly in Western-Central Europe.

It allows me to guess that some Corded-like people of Z280 veriety were picked by Bell Beakers or proto-Italo-Celts/other kentum speakers and took part in their etnogenesis.
As an example - two R1a's found in Liechtenstein Cave in Germany were never deeply examined but it is likely that they belong to an early, distinct branches of Z280 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urnfield_culture ). Another possible hit when such admix could've taken place is an Unetice Culture(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unetice_culture) and a Tumulus Culture (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumulus_culture ) of a Bronze Age Europe.

Rest of the early Z280's eventually stayed and slowly evolved into CTS1211, Z92 and YP345.As of the end of a Bronze Age and with start of the Iron Age, when we still can't talk about Slavs or Balts - those lineages could've made up a Pomeranian culture (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomeranian_culture ) and a Lusatian Culture (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusatian_culture ), West-Baltic culture of cairns and Milogrady culture.
The last is the best point leading us to proper Slavs and their later expansion of CTS3402 and derived lineages.

YP345:

CTS1211:

Z92:



CTS3402 as a result of later expansion or re-expansion is to big and diverse to show it on a single map. I will post some other maps later.

[Cern]

Artek, what's your opinion hungarian R1a subclades? Possible Ugric/central-asian origin or excluded? What is the statistical probability? Sorry if too difficult issues!

Hungarian= Hungarian+Szekler+Csango

http://www.arslanmb.org/ArmenianDNAP...on-HG-R1a1.pdf

[Artek]

Artek, what's your opinion hungarian R1a subclades? Possible Ugric/central-asian origin or excluded? What is the statistical probability? Sorry if too difficult issues!

Hungarian= Hungarian+Szekler+Csango

http://www.arslanmb.org/ArmenianDNAP...on-HG-R1a1.pdf

Those few Z93 cases can be Ugric (or Scytho-Sarmatian, so inconclusive - we need aDNA). Z280 and M458 in Rroma is obviously from outside.
I've additionally helped myself with Semargl's database - out of nearly 300 samples (among which about 70 are R1a) only one belongs to Z93-L342 clade. Of course there are still undertested sub-regions in Hungary but overall paternal Hunnic ancestry seems to be stikingly low.

[Argang]

I think N1c1-L1034, which is present in small numbers in Hungary and Urals but absent in the circum-Baltic area and Northern/Northwestern Russia, might be a better clue for early movements of Hungarian language than Z93-clades.

[Artek]

I think N1c1-L1034, which is present in small numbers in Hungary and Urals but absent in the circum-Baltic area and Northern/Northwestern Russia, might be a better clue for early movements of Hungarian language than Z93-clades.

That's true, especially when Hungarian Y-DNA aDNA scrubbed so far is an N1c. Still, there aren't many of them among present-day people.
So there are two possibilites - they were never numerous or even of secondary significance but by elite dominance they imposed a language or
they made up much more population before than they make now due to the various historical events (mongol invasion, then resettling with Germanic or Slavic populations, etc. etc.).

[blogen]

Among Balts and Slavs and more in the Eastern and Southern Slavs than in the Western Slavs. It's probably a result of an R1a-M458 founder-effect among Western Slavs.
Z280 is aged circa 3000 BC(probably even more)

Sorry, but this is a basically pre Indo-European marker, the Corder Ware culture is minimum three, but presumably four or five times younger than the Z280:

"The TMRCA of all R1a1-Z280 haplotypes yielded 10,283 +/- 2,574 years (95% CI, 7,709–12,857 years)"

source: Horolma Pamjav, Tibor Fehér Endre Németh and Zsolt Pádár: Brief Communication: New Y-Chromosome Binary Markers Improve Phylogenetic Resolution Within Haplogroup R1a1 - American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2012

[blogen]

The other dates:

pre-Indoeuropeans:
R1a1-Z280: 10,283 +/- 2,574 years (95% CI, 7,709–12,857 years)
R1a1-Z93: 10,272 +/- 2,187 years (95% CI, 8,085–12,459 years)

presumably connected to the Indoeuropeans:
R1a1-M458: 7,306 +/- 2,321 years (95% CI, 4,985–9,627 years)