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Thread: Traditional Romanian architecture

  1. #21
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    Default Dacian dwellings 1


    Slimnic, Sibiu county, 1st c. AD


    Popești, Giurgiu county, 1st c. BC - 1st c. AD


    Grădiștea Muncelului (Sarmizegetusa), Hunedoara county, 1st c. AD

    The Geto-Dacian dwellings from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD (the Classical period) evolve and diversify compared with those of prior periods. The traditional construction system is kept: vertical support elements consisting of wooden posts embedded in soil, between the posts a filling consisting of twigs that form a reinforcement of the wall, coating of clay. This system is used for surface as well as for sunken or bellow-ground dwellings. It's used for rectangular buildings as well as circular or apsidal ones.

    The dwellings in the Carpatho-Danubian-Pontic area begin to individualise, moving away from the original Megaron type. This differentiation is due to moving it's point of focus from the short side to the long one, which becomes the edifice's main façade. This focus point is marked by the arrangement of the entrance and/or semi-open spaces.

    The edifices are either rectangular with a gable or hip roof or circular with a conical roof. The apsidal forms are a transition from the circular to the rectangular type. The plans are usually monocellular or bicellular, but we sometimes see more complex planimetric divisions, with three or more rooms.

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  2. #22
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    Default Dacian dwellings 2

    Hypothetical reconstructions (volumetry and planimetry)


    Arpașu de Sus, Sibiu county, 1st c. BC - 1st c. AD


    Grădiștea Muncelului, Hunedoara county, 1st c. BC


    Grădiștea Muncelului, Hunedoara county, 1st c. BC - 1st c. AD


    Luncani-Piatra Roșie, Hunedoara county, 1-2st c. AD

    The constructive system with wooden soles placed on stone foundations, presumed in previous stages, is attested with certainty in the case of Dacian architecture. The discovery of stone foundations used to support the wooden structure of the walls, the existence of tools which allowed the realization of the joints specific to this constructive type, followed by the in situ identification of diaphragms of squared beams, arranged horizontally and with smooth edges (crown system), as well as the images from Trajan's Column, confirm the present use of dwellings with horizontal and vertical wooden beam walls, supported by soles and with stone foundation. This constructive system, mostly specific to surface dwellings - predominant in the era -, corresponds planimetrically to the rectangular type with one or more rooms. The use of this type of construction with wooden walls on soles is presumed to be used mostly in richly forested areas with a high elevation.

    The phenomenon of regionalisation of dwelling models based on the relief of the region and the variety and particularity of the construction material available is triggered in this period and will continue in the future stages, leading to the crystallisation of morphologically differentiated dwellings, from region to region, with a high coefficient of economical and constructive efficiency and an obvious planimetric, volumetric and decorative variety, representing the embryo of the regional specificity of the traditional Romanian architecture.

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    [SPOILER=La fîntînă la mocrină][YOUTUBE]ecSLcemo3dI[/YOUTUBE][/SPOILER]

  3. #23
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    Default Dacian dwellings 3

    Hypothetical reconstructions (volumetry and planimetry)


    Luncani-Piatra Roșie, Hunedoara county, 1-2st c. AD


    Ocnița (Buridava), Vâlcea county,1st c. AD


    Luncani-Piatra Roșie, Hunedoara county, 1-2st c. AD

    Amply sized dwellings with many rooms are frequently found in the Dacian Era, along with the usual family dwellings. Focusing major constructive efforts and assuming extensive building knowledge, these buildings usually have walls made out of wooden beams supported on stone foundations or with slotted in poles.

    The rooms are arranged on two or three bays with one or two openings. This distribution involves the existence of a clear functional scheme, preceding the urban approach upon which to make the space grouping, starting with the destination and importance of each room.

    The semi-open spaces (the porches and pavilions) are arranged on the sides (between the pilasters), thus perpetuating the „megaron” type, or surround the edifice on two or three sides. The persistence of the planimetric type specific to the „megaron” (with the main entrance on the shorter side of the building, which is kept as the main façade of the building) to a greater extant than in the normal dwellings is worth mentioning.

    The organisation system of the planimetry, with bays and openings, confers the volumetric solution an obviously monumental character, underlined as much through the rhythm of the columns that mark the semi-open spaces, as through the use of some special materials (ridge tiles, roof tiles and so on).

    The edifice's amplitude, being up to 40 metres long and 20-25 metres wide, as well as the gauge of some rooms with openings of 8-12 metres, implies, on one hand, elevated building procedures, sustained by adequate instrumentation, and on the other hand technical knowledge reaching to the realisation of „farms” made of wood, capable to support the aforementioned openings.

    Source
    [SPOILER=La fîntînă la mocrină][YOUTUBE]ecSLcemo3dI[/YOUTUBE][/SPOILER]

  4. #24
    Inactive Account Vlach's Avatar
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    Houses from Moldova area:







    Houses from Banat plain area:





    Houses from Banat mountain area:

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    Curtișoara-Oltenia region








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    types of traditional dwellings by region


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