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Thread: Learning a bit of Sardinian

  1. #11
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    no, it's Logudorese

    Sassarese tecnically is not Sardinian; it's very similar to Gallurese Corsican, they have almost the same origin, while Gallurese comes directly from Corsica, the Sassarese dialect was born here in Sardinia but from the same elements that originated Corsican Language : Pisan and Genovese colonization; the area between Porto Torres and Sassari was heavily colonized by Pisa and Genova in the past, so Sassarese dialect it's strictly imparented with ancient Tuscan + 20% of Sardinian vocabulary, but the Language structure is definitely not Sardinian

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    Passato prossimo di 'masticare' - ma sti cazzi.

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    Quote Originally Posted by Mens-Sarda View Post
    no, it's Logudorese

    Sassarese tecnically is not Sardinian; it's very similar to Gallurese Corsican, they have almost the same origin, while Gallurese comes directly from Corsica, the Sassarese dialect was born here in Sardinia but from the same elements that originated Corsican Language : Pisan and Genovese colonization of the area between Porto Torres and Sassari, so it's strictly imparented with ancient Tuscan + 20% of Sardinian vocabulary
    To me corsican is easier than sardinian languages


    (for the people who don't know, that's corsican)


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    yes, Corsican it's quite similar to Italian, but it has also a lot of words, way of saying almost identical to Sardinian; I was amazed when I discovered that also in Corsica they use "aiò" (let's go) in both Corsican dialects; in Sardinia we use to write "ajò" in Logudorese or "ayò" in Campidanese, but the pronounce is the same

    here is a Corsican song "Aiò ma parlami Corsu"






    Here you can see an example of the affinity among Corsican, Gallurese, and Sassarese

    http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_...o_in_Gallurese
    Last edited by Mens-Sarda; 06-21-2014 at 02:40 PM.

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    Some Idiomatic Expressions, with Italian and English translation


    pònere fattu - seguire (to follow)
    pònere mente - dare retta (give heed to)
    pònere a un'ala / a disbanda - mettere da parte (to put aside)
    piòere a fuste - piovere a dirotto (to pour down - "fuste = staff, stick")
    bogàre a pizu - tirare fuori, tirare a galla (pull to surface) the literal translation it's "bogàre = to remove" "pizu = milk cream"
    fàghere a pare - incontrarsi, regolare i conti (to meet, to deal with someone)
    a pare - reciprocamente, assieme, frontalmente (reciprocally, together, head on) example : cussas macchinas si sun attappadas a pare - quelle macchine si sono scontrate frontalmente (those cars had an head on collision)
    cum pare, 'um pare - assieme (together) example : semus andados cum pare a bìdere sas cursas (we went toghether to watch the race)
    pàris - tutti assieme, tutto in una volta (all togheter, at one time) example : semus andados tottu pàris a bìdere sas cursas (we went all toghether to watch the race); no buffes tottu pàris (don't drink at one time)
    a ojos - di fronte (in front of, opposite of)
    a palas - alle spalle (in back of)
    in anti - davanti (in front of)
    in sègus - dietro (behind)
    a subra / supra - sopra (over)
    a sutta - sotto (under)
    a josso - di sotto (under, understairs)
    affacca - affianco, vicino (next to, nearby)
    affacca a pare - vicino l'un l'altro (side by side) example : cussas domos sun affacca a pare (those houses are side by side)
    a costazu - affianco (next to, nearby)
    a coddu - sulle spalle (on the shoulders)
    ott'hora ott'hora - continuamente (endlessly, continuously)
    primariamente - principalmente (mainly)
    mus! - richiamo per il gatto (call for the cat) from the Latin "mus - muris" (mouse); while in Sardinian the mouse it's called "sòrighe" from "sorex - soricis"
    cattu! cattu àh! - esclamazione per scacciare il gatto (exclamation to drive away the cat)


    When using verbs in imperative form we use to strengthen them with the particles "che" and "nde", that correspont to the Italian "ci, ce" and "ne"

    examples :

    èssi a fora- esci fuori (go out)
    èssiche a fora - escici fuori (literal italian translation, not used in Italian) (go out from there)
    èssinde a fora - escine fuori (literal italian translation, not used in Italian) (go out from there)

    pòne - metti (put)
    pòneche - mettici (put there)
    pònende - mettine (put there)
    ponechèlu, ponendèlu - metticelo, mettinelo (put him there)

    Various Exclamations

    cess! - there is no Italian translation; it's similar to OMG! WTF!
    mi!
    - guarda (indicando col dito) look! (pointing out) its' the abbreviation of the Spanish "mira" (look), from this word derives "michèlu" (eccolo) abbreviation of mirachèlu = guardacelo
    mira! - attenzione! (be careful!)
    devìde! - no translation, similar to By God! By Jove!
    òja - aia (ouch)
    èllo! - macchè! (no way)
    Gesoccannu, Giasoccannu! - che novità! (what a news!), abbreviation of Jesus hoc annu! (Jesus also this year!)
    a su mancu sìat! - magari (if only!)
    maccàri, mancàri - sebbene, benchè, anche se, nonostante (although, even though), maybe from Greek. (makárie) μακάριε; it's often used when cursing someone, "mancàri crebes!" (anche se crepi!)


    p.s.
    When writing in Logudoresu Sardinian we often use the "J" letter, like in Corsican; it's pronounced like the Italian "i"; instead the sound of "J" like in French, in Logudoresu it's almost inexistent, and usually written with the same letter "J" or with "SG" in the Corsican way.


    bye
    Last edited by Mens-Sarda; 06-23-2014 at 03:15 PM.

  6. #16
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    FALSE FRIENDS

    False friends are pairs of words or phrases in two languages or dialects that look or sound similar, but differ significantly in meaning. An example is the English embarrassed and the Spanish embarazada, which actually means pregnant.

    Here is some example of Italian and Sardinian false friends :

    imbarazzato (embarassed) - imbarrazzadu (nauseated, in a mess)
    prendere (to take) - prendere (to tie), but only referred to animals, generically we use the verb ligare; the equivalent of to take it's leàre
    attendere (to wait) - attendere (to assist), the equivalent of to wait it's aispettare, similar to the Italian aspettare
    brutto (ugly) - bruttu (dirty), the equivalent of ugly in Sardinian it's feu from the Latin foedus and similar to Spanish feo
    alga (algae) - alga (garbage), from Latin alga (valueless thing); the equivalent of algae it's àliga, hence the Sardinian name of the city of Alghero : S'Alighèra (the place of algae)
    colare (to pour slowly, to drain) - colare (to pass through, to go through); the equivalent of to drain it's iscolare
    camino (fireplace) - caminu (path), the equivalent of fireplace it's tziminèa or tziminera , similar to the Italian ciminiera (chimney stack, smokestack)
    mancante (missing) - mancante (idiot, half-wit, deficient)
    capitale (capital) - capitale or cabidale (pillow),
    from Latin caput (head)
    banca (bank) - banca (desk)
    cascare (to fall) - cascare (to yawn)
    , the equivalent of to fall it's rùere, from Latin ruere (to fall)
    caso (case) - casu (cheese) , from Latin caseus
    coro (choir) - coro (heart), the equivalent of choir it's coru; Latin chorus
    astrarre (to abstract) astrare (to freeze)
    lato (side) - ladu (wide, flat),
    from Latin latus (wide, flat)
    cocomero (watermelon) - cucùmere, cugùmere (cucumber), while the Sardinian word for watermelon it's sìndria in Italian it's also called anguria : in Sardinia when speaking Italian we always say anguria, never cocomero
    maturo (mature, grow up. full blown) - maduru (big), the equivalent of the Italian maturo it's fattu (done) or cottu (ripen)
    baratto (barter) - barattu (cheap)




    Last edited by Mens-Sarda; 06-30-2014 at 02:53 PM.

  7. #17
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    LATINISMS IN LOGUDORESU SARDINIAN LANGUAGE

    The northern Sardinian language (Logudoresu) retains tons of words, verbs, and expressions that looks still identical to ancient Latin, we also retain classical Latin pronounces with guttural C and G, that are not present in southern Sardinian language (Campidanesu) that uses the C sound like in Italian or a sound similar to French "J" and written with "X" letter.

    some examples with guttural C and G pronounce

    chelu - (Latin) coelum (sky) -> (Campidanesu) - celu, xelu
    chena - coena (diner) -> (Campidanesu) - cena, xena
    chera - cera (wax) - -> (Campidanesu) - cera, xera
    lughe - lucem (light) -> (Campidanesu) - luxi
    paghe - pacem (peace) -> (Campidanesu) - paxi
    sòrighe - soricem (mouse) -> (Campidanesu) - topi, topixeddu
    pùlighe - pulicem (flea) -> (Campidanesu) - pùlixi

    some examples of Latin-like expressions in Logudoresu

    per hòmine - each one - ex: hamus buffadu duas tazzas de binu per hòmine (we drank two glasses of wine each one)
    in logu per unu - nowhere, anywhere - ex: no l'happo agattadu in logu per unu (I couldn't find it anywhere)
    in ue, in uve, a in ue, a in uve - where -> (Latin) in ubi, in ube; similar also to Corsican "induve"; while the Campidanesu version is "aundi"
    in hoghe - here -> (Latin) in hoce
    in hie - there -> (Latin) - in hice
    chito - soon -> (Latin) - cito; along with chito we also use luego, clearly from Spanish
    cras - tomorrow -> (Latin) - cras
    hèris, d'hèris - yesterday -> (Latin) - heris
    hoe - today -> (Latin) hodie, hoc die (this day)
    pustis cras - after tomorrow -> (Latin) - post cras


    bye

  8. #18
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    Perchè, Quando e Come


    In lingua Sarda il Perchè, il Quando e il Come sono leggermente diversi dall'Italiano, infatti esistono due forme per ognuno, esiste un Perchè e un Quando interrogativo, e un Perchè e un Quando affermativo, ed esiste un Come interrogativo e un Come comparativo


    Perchè (interrogativo) -> Pro itte, Po itte (letteralmente "per cosa, per che cosa")
    Perchè (affermativo) -> Ca

    esempi :

    (interrogativo) : se stai male perchè non vai dal dottore? -> si ses male sentidu pro itte no andas dae su duttore?
    (affermativo) : non ci vado perchè non sto male -> no bi ando ca no so male sentidu

    Quando (interrogativo) -> Cando
    Quando (affermativo) -> Da qui (pronuncia "da ki", letteralmente in Italiano "da che", esiste anche in Italiano ma è antiquato)

    esempi :

    (interrogativo) : quando ci vai dal dottore? -> Cando bi andas dae su duttore?
    (affermativo) : ci vado quando sto male -> Bi ando da qui so male sentidu

    Come (interrogativo) -> Comente
    Come (comparativo) -> Que (pronuncia "Ke", esattamente come in Spagnolo e Francese)

    esempi :

    (interrogativo) : come state? come facciamo? -> coment'istàdes? comente faghimus?
    (comparativo) : sono alto come te -> so altu que a tie (anche in Francese e Spagnolo funziona allo stesso identico modo : Je suis haut que toi, Yo soy alto que tu)

  9. #19
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    Preposizioni Semplici e Articolate

    In Italiano, con traduzione in Sardo


    Semplici

    Di -> De
    A -> A, An (A+In)
    Da -> Dae
    In -> In
    Con -> Cun
    Su -> Supra, Subra
    Per -> Pro, Po
    Tra / Fra -> Intre, Tra

    Articolate

    Del, Dello, Della, Dei, Degli, Delle -> De su, De sa, De sos, De sas
    Al, Allo, Alla, Ai, Agli, Alle -> A su, A sa, A sos, A sas
    Dal, Dallo, Dalla, Dai, Dagli, Dalle -> Dae su, Dae sa, Dae sos, Dae sas
    Nel, Nello, Nella, Nei, Negli, Nelle -> In su, In sa, In sos, In sas
    Sul, Sullo, Sulla, Sui, Sugli, Sulle -> Subra (d)e su, Subra 'e sa, Subra 'e sos, Subra 'e sas
    Col, Con il, Con la, Coi, Cogli, Colle -> Cun su, Cun sa, Cun sos, Cun sas

  10. #20
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    Articoli Determinativi e Indeterminativi

    Italiano, Sardo

    Determinativi

    In Italiano derivano dal Latino, Ille, Illa, Illud

    (Singolare) Il, Lo, La
    (Plurale) I, Gli, Le

    In Sardo derivano dal Latino, Ipse, Ipsa, Ipsum

    (Singolare)
    Su, Sa
    (Plurale) Sos, Sas (Is in Campidanese)

    Indeterminativi

    Un, Uno, Una

    Unu, Una

    In Sardo gli articoli indeterminativi esistono anche in forma plurale con significato di "circa"

    Unos, Unas

    esempio :

    Ho mangiato circa dieci noci ->
    Happo manigadu unas deghe nughes
    Ho incontrato circa cinque o sei persone per strada -> Happo intoppadu unas chimbe o ses persones in carrela
    Ho visto circa tre o quattro cani sotto casa -> Happo 'idu unos tres o bàtor canes sutta 'e domo




    Last edited by Mens-Sarda; 11-06-2014 at 08:54 PM.

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