2
When the blue sky above and the reddish-brown earth below were created, the two human beings were born in between. Over the human beings, my ancestors Bumïn Kaghan and Istämi Kaghan became rulers. All the peoples living in the four corners of the world were hostile. Having marched with armies, they conquered all the peoples and subjugated them. They made the proud enemies bow and the powerful ones kneel. They settled the Türk el eastwards up to the Qapigha Mountains (Manchuria) and westwards as far as the Iron Gate (Caucasus). Kültigin, 8th century AD
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