Originally Posted by
sean
Well, the US initially blamed Ayatollah Khomeini for the seizure (1979 Qatif Uprising was taking place at the same time). Khomeini denied the accusations and blamed the United States and Israel in return. Another thing to mention is that Carter fucked up with the Grand Mosque seizure in 1979. The Saudis were busy promoting Western values in an effort to marginalise the religious authorities when they realised that the oil revenue would decline at some point. As a rentier state they would need new sources of revenue to maintain power. Extremist Imams would only hamper their efforts to transform their economy.
Their government is based on the Wahhabi model where a strong dictator can do whatever they want for the most part as long as they leave social mores up to the religious authorities. So there are two authorities here and the Al Saud of course want to be the stronger one. So, when the jihadis seize the mosque, the Al Saud need to reclaim it since they are basically protectors of the holiest site in Islam. Their own forces are incompetent for few reasons. Partly because they don't want well trained armed forces since they may turn on the Al Saud, and culturally, higher ranked people keep knowledge a secret to maintain their positions which minimises competition and increase their value (remember when the US had problems training the Iraqi army).
Anyway, Wahhabism as practiced in Saudi Arabia preaches loyalty to the monarchy/state so they don't get another event like the king getting assassinated or the Grand Mosque seizure in 1979. Saudi Arabia pushes people (like bin Laden and the Ikhwan) out of the country, either as preachers or emissaries or exiles, because it does not want them in the Hejaz where they can incite insurrections against the Saudi state.
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