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Thread: Neanderthals live in Tuscany

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    Default Neanderthals live in Tuscany



    http://www.abroadintheyard.com/peopl...-neanderthals/

    People from Tuscany are most similar to Neanderthals
    by Lee Rimmer for Ancestry - Genealogy & DNA

    In his blog, John Hawks, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin, discusses the level of introgression (i.e. the introduction of genes from the gene pool of one species into that of another during hybridization) of Neanderthal genes into modern human populations, using data from the 1000 Genomes Project:

    http://johnhawks.net/weblog/reviews/...ions-2012.html

    The 1000 Genomes Project is the first project to sequence the genomes of a large number of people, to provide a comprehensive resource on human genetic variation. It aims to investigate relationship between genotype (genetic makeup) and phenotype (observable characteristics or traits). The African genomes in the 1000 Genomes sample include the Yoruba from Nigeria and the Luhya from Kenya. The Asian populations sampled are Japanese and Chinese, including people of Han Chinese ethnicity in Beijing and southern China. The European ancestry samples include British, Tuscan, Spanish and Finnish.

    In a series of histograms (graphs showing the distribution of genome and population data), Hawks shows that Asian and European genomes have significantly more Neanderthal DNA than African genomes. The averages for Asian and European samples are around 3% higher than the average for African samples. Whatever gave Africans some degree of similarity to Neanderthals, non-Africans seem to have received around 3% more of it.

    Europeans average a bit more Neanderthal DNA than Asians, showing that Europeans probably mixed with Neanderthals as they moved into Europe, adding a secondary mix of Neanderthal DNA into their genome beyond the primary mix shared by their respective ancestors.

    The differences in Neanderthal admixture between populations within regions is more interesting. For example, Tuscans have the highest level of Neanderthal similarity of any of the 1000 Genomes Project samples. They have around a half-percent more Neanderthal similarity than the British or the Finnish. This could be show a north-south geographical difference in Neanderthal ancestry, but later population movements in Europe probably masked a significant part of the Upper Paleolithic gene pool. However, the persistence through time of extra Neanderthal ancestry in southern Europe needs further study.

    Populations within East Asia also show differences in Neanderthal similarity. North China has a bit more Neanderthal, on average, than South China according to the samples, though all are identified as ethnic Han Chinese.

    In Africa, the Yoruba of Nigeria have substantially more Neanderthal similarity than the Luhya of Kenya. This is puzzling, because the geographic location of the Luhya in East Africa seems better placed for Neanderthal similarity to appear, whether through ancient population structure or through the backmigration into Africa of Neanderthal descendants. Instead, the Yoruba in West Africa are the recipients of Neanderthal genes. Much more is still to be learnt about ancient African population structures by using Neanderthal-similar regions of the genome, including ancient populations that do not appear in archaeology.

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    IIRC they came up with more accurate measurement methods and found that Asians actually have more than Europeans. Of course, who's to say they won't come up with more updated methods in the future and then tell us a different population has the most.

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    Litvin, it's very old and already debunked.


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    Quote Originally Posted by Percivalle View Post
    Litvin, it's very old and already debunked.

    Isn't the graph rather confirming it?

    I don't see why Tuscans wouldn't have more Neanderthal than Brits, but there's just 4 European pop. Although compared to East Asians it doesn't seem to consider also Denisovans, just the Neanderthal.


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    Quote Originally Posted by Petalpusher View Post
    Isn't the graph rather confirming it?
    It's obvious that this graph tries to confirm that, it was done by John Hawks for his own blog. Hawks is the author of this incredible and astonishing discovery.

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    Quote Originally Posted by Percivalle View Post
    It's obvious that this graph tries to confirm that, it was done by John Hawks for his own blog. Hawks is the author of this incredible and astonishing discovery.
    Then what debunks this?

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    Very hot CM !
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    I'm not sure about the North/South cline of Neanderthal ancestry in East Asians. I remember seeing something that suggested Taiwanese Aboriginals actually had the most Neanderthal DNA. From what I can see quickly looking it up, the Naxi in China have the most Neanderthal in the world and Papuans/Australians have the most Denisovan.

    Something GtG once posted suggested Albanians and Icelandic people had the most Neanderthal DNA in Europe.
    The Guanche skulls as a whole are unlike those of modern European Mediterraneans, and resemble northern European series most closely, especially those in which a brachycephalic element is present, as in Burgundian and Alemanni series.
    divided them into clearly differentiated types, which include a Mediterranean, a Nordic, a "Guanche," and an Alpine. The "Guanche" accounts for 50 per cent of the whole on the four islands of Teneriffe, Gomera, Gran Canaria, and Hierro; the Nordic for 31 per cent, the Mediterranean for 13 per cent, and the Alpine
    oldschool anthropology

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    This Wikipedia article is interesting:
    Archaic human admixture with modern humans
    Recent studies have shown a higher Neanderthal admixture in East Asians than in Europeans.
    Neanderthal contribution has been very scarcely but significantly found in the Maasai, an East African people.

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    Amerindians have way more Neanderthal genes than any West Eurasian population

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