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Sefaradi Jews, either marranos (forcefully converted to catholicism, but keeping jewish traditions) or practicant jews played a big role in early brazilian history, they saw refuge in the new lands and bit more freedom than in Europe, despite the inquisition being active until 1821, with some brazilian jews being persecuted and killed.
Many of them were involved in agriculture and sugar plantations, and their descendants, known as "cristão novos", are wide spread in Brazil, specially northeast; Sadly, many of them may not know of their Jewish heritage, but still keep few traditions, despite adopting Catholicism as religion.
Some people joke that the true colonizers of Brazil were 'Jewish' or 'new cristians', but in fact at least 1/3 of them could have really been, at least in the northeast region.
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