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Pankration and an elementary Military training was part of a Greek youths education in any ancient Greek community"Politeia".
It was viewed as a matter of honor for any Greek citizen to defend his Politeia in the case of war.
The Spartans just put more emphasis on it and where most famous for this part.
For that matter the Cretan Polities in Classical were also like that.
You can find this in Plato's dialogues
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