Ireland's regional ancestry modeled using British populations.

[Grace O'Malley]

None of those surnames are present in my family.

Why would they be? They were prominent merchant families from Galway. My aim was to show that places like Galway had Norman incursions. It is the reason why in Ireland Galway people are called Tribesmen.

[Grace O'Malley]

In the other study it seemed like South Munster deviated more than Ulster but here it is Ulster and North Leinster due to less ancestry matching England.

Did the study say they deviated? I'll have a closer look tomorrow to see what the studies say.

[Sikeliot]

Did the study say they deviated? I'll have a closer look tomorrow to see what the studies say.

Yes.

Either way what's clear is Connacht isn't some isolated, pure and unmixed area like people expect. Ulster, northern Leinster and South Munster fit the bill more but the two studies conflict on which is the outlier.

[Sikeliot]

Did the study say they deviated? I'll have a closer look tomorrow to see what the studies say.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencete...ing-genes.html

See here. South Munster branches off first. Then all other Irish regions as well as southern Scotland, are joined and separated further, with Ulster and Connacht together. This implies to me that South Munster is the most isolate region.

It also implies Viking ancestry is lowest there:

"The strongest signals of Viking ancestry were traced in south and central Leinster, followed by Connacht and north Leinster/Ulster. The researchers found evidence of a single-date, one-source mixing event overlapping with the historical period of the Viking invasion of Ireland."

[Graham]

North West Ulster, so is that Donegal, the cut off county in the Republic that still has many Gaelic Irish speakers today? Suppose it makes sense that the pre plantation Ulster is closest to Scots to. Dialects, History etc

[Grace O'Malley]

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencete...ing-genes.html

See here. South Munster branches off first. Then all other Irish regions as well as southern Scotland, are joined and separated further, with Ulster and Connacht together. This implies to me that South Munster is the most isolate region.

It also implies Viking ancestry is lowest there:

"The strongest signals of Viking ancestry were traced in south and central Leinster, followed by Connacht and north Leinster/Ulster. The researchers found evidence of a single-date, one-source mixing event overlapping with the historical period of the Viking invasion of Ireland."

This is from the IDA.

The Ulster cluster itself shows the greatest genetic distance from Britain, in both our PCA and Fst analysis, despite its geographic proximity to Britain. Given that we have identified groups within the north of Ireland that do have genetic links to Britain, i.e. the N Ireland clusters, Ulster most likely represents individuals of ‘Gaelic’ ancestry that have remained genetically isolated from Britain – which reflects the demographic and political history of the region.

If you look at this image from the IDA though it looks like South Munster and then North Munster are the most differentiated counties. What is also noticeable is the lack of Scottish samples from the PoBI.



If you look at this image from the Insular Celtic paper it also looks like Cork and South Munster are the most differentiated.

South Munster (SMN) and Cork (CRK) clusters branch off first in the fineSTRUCTURE tree and show distinct separation from their neighbouring north Munster clusters (NMN), indicating that south Munster’s haplotypic makeup is more distinct from its neighbouring regions and the remaining regions than any other cluster. TVD analysis supports this observation (S1 Table and S3 Table), with the Cork cluster in particular showing strong differentiation from other clusters. This may reflect the persistent isolating effects of the mountain ranges surrounding the south Munster counties of Cork and Kerry, restricting gene flow with the rest of Ireland and preserving older structure.

Saying that all these differences are incredibly small.

[Sikeliot]

People were surprised the most different is not Connacht.

[Grace O'Malley]

People were surprised the most different is not Connacht.

What people? Personally I always thought it might be the Donegal region. Connacht isn't really that isolated and it borders with all the other Irish regions e.g. Ulster, Leinster and Munster. It makes sense though that South Munster might have more restrictive gene flow from other parts of Ireland because mountains are more a barrier. Being an outlier doesn't mean you are "purer" or have had less admixture anyway. I mean Orkney is the most distinctive region and they have the most Norse ancestry. It just means that there hasn't been an evening out of the population. This is why they said areas in the west have more diversity than the more homogenised east.

[Sikeliot]

What people? Personally I always thought it might be the Donegal region. Connacht isn't really that isolated and it borders with all the other Irish regions e.g. Ulster, Leinster and Munster. It makes sense though that South Munster might have more restrictive gene flow from other parts of Ireland because mountains are more a barrier. Being an outlier doesn't mean you are "purer" or have had less admixture anyway. I mean Orkney is the most distinctive region and they have the most Norse ancestry. It just means that there hasn't been an evening out of the population. This is why they said areas in the west have more diversity than the more homogenised east.

Which region based on the studies seems most "purely" Irish? And least British?

Which part of Ireland are most Irish Americans from?

[Graham]

Do the Irish studies take in city populations? The British study did not.

For example how British in ancestry is Dublin or did it take in lots of in-wards migration from all over? Glasgow is a massive part of Scotlands population, like Dublin is Irelands. Glasgows Catholics have lots of links to Ulster & compare to say what part of Ireland contributed to Liverpool & Manchester.