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It's because the Anglosphere was demographically consisted of Europeans, and until the 1930s for America and the 1970s for the rest of the Anglosphere, by people of Anglo-Saxon descent. Ethnic homogeneity played a huge part in it. The more homogeneous a society is, the more successful it will be.
Look at Latin America, it's so mixed that it's chaotic on its own.
But to give credit, Argentina at one point was more successful and richer on a per capita basis than the US. For ten years even it was at the top 5 countries with the highest income both in total and in per capita. But that was because it was homogeneous. Only Spaniards, Italians and Europeans in general.
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