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Thread: Prehistoric migrations through the Mediterranean basin shaped Corsican Y-chromosome diversity

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    Default Prehistoric migrations through the Mediterranean basin shaped Corsican Y-chromosome diversity

    Abstract

    The rarity of human remains makes it difficult to apprehend the first settlements in Corsica. It is admitted that initial colonization could have occurred during the Mesolithic period when glaciations would have shortened the open water travel distance from the continent. Mesolithic sites in Corsica show relatively short and irregular occupation, and suggest discontinuous settling of very mobile groups probably traveling by boat. Previous genetic studies on Corsican populations showed internal differentiation and a relatively poor genetic relationship with continental populations, despite intense historical contacts, however local Mesolithic-based genetic inheritance has never been properly estimated. The aim of this study was to explore the Corsican genetic profile of Y-chromosomes in order to trace the genetic signatures back to the first migrations to Corsica. This study included 321 samples from men throughout Corsica; samples from Provence and Tuscany were added to the cohort. All samples were typed for 92 Y-SNPs, and Y-STRs were also analyzed. Results revealed highly differentiated haplogroup patterns among Corsican populations. Haplogroup G had the highest frequency in Corsica, mostly displaying a unique Y-STR profile. When compared with Provence and Tuscany, Corsican populations displayed limited genetic proximity. Corsican populations present a remarkable Y-chromosome genetic mixture. Although the Corsican Y-chromosome profile shows similarities with both Provence and to a lesser extent Tuscany, it mainly displays its own specificity. This study confirms the high level of genetic diversity in Corsican populations and backs genetic contributions from prehistoric migrations associated with the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Metal Age eras, rather than from historical movements to Corsica, respectively attested by frequencies and TMRCA of haplogroups G2a-L91 and G2a-P15, J2a-M241 and J2-DYS445 = 6, R1b-U152 and R1b-U106. These results suggest that marine routes to reach the Corsican coast in many different points may have led to such a genetic heterogeneity.


    Full DNA Paper: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...l.pone.0200641
    YDNA: R1b-L21 > DF13 > S1051 > FGC17906 > FGC17907 > FGC17866


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    Table 1
    Description of the 18 Corsican, 1 Provençal and 3 Tuscan populations under study.









    Fig 1
    Spatial frequency maps for haplogroups with frequencies above 3%, their Y-STR based phylogenetic networks in Corsican populations (Blue: North, Green: West, Orange: South, Black: Center and Purple: East) and their TMRCA (in years, +/- SE).









    Fig 2
    First and second axes of the PCA based on 12 Y-chromosome haplogroup frequencies in 83 west Mediterranean populations.

    North Africa: Purple, Balkans: Pink, Iberia: Orange, Continental Italy: Blue, West Mediterranean Islands: Green.
    YDNA: R1b-L21 > DF13 > S1051 > FGC17906 > FGC17907 > FGC17866


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    In Corpore Sardo Mens-Sarda's Avatar
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    It's very interesting the higher presence of G haplogroup in southern Corsica, expecially in the area around Sartene. That area of Corsica was probably colonized by Nuragic Sardinians, which also left in southern Corsica many archeological traces, there are about 30 sites with remains of megalithic towers, totally similar to Sardinian "Nuraghes".

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrean_civilization
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrea...in_Corsica.svg

    It's also interesting to notice that the town of Sartene (in French), Sarté (in Corsican), in the middle ages was also known as Sarténa or Sardéna, it's obviously the same etymology of Sardinia. Both names are obviously connected to the name of one of the Sea Peoples, known as Sherden or Sherdan or Shardan or Sharden.
    Non Auro, Sed Ferro, Recuperanda Est Patria (Not by Gold, But by Iron, Is the Nation to be Recovered) - Marcus Furius Camillus (Roman General)

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    Interesting my paternal Haplogroup is said to be from there

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    Member Iẓeḍwan n Nanna-Tuda's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Mens-Sarda View Post
    It's very interesting the higher presence of G haplogroup in southern Corsica, expecially in the area around Sartene. That area of Corsica was probably colonized by Nuragic Sardinians, which also left in southern Corsica many archeological traces, there are about 30 sites with remains of megalithic towers, totally similar to Sardinian "Nuraghes".

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrean_civilization
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrea...in_Corsica.svg

    It's also interesting to notice that the town of Sartene (in French), Sarté (in Corsican), in the middle ages was also known as Sarténa or Sardéna, it's obviously the same etymology of Sardinia. Both names are obviously connected to the name of one of the Sea Peoples, known as Sherden or Sherdan or Shardan or Sharden.
    Very interesting!
    I'm G-Z27232+ (TMRCA : about 3,5K years but it could be more as there are very few people tested). It's chiefly (you can even say uniquely) found in the Western Mediterranean (NA Africa, Sardinia, Iberia).
    It's split into two known clades : G-Y21161 (only Sardinians) and G-Z6028.
    I'm negative for both (that's also the case for the other North Africans). Therefore, our TMRCA with Sardinians is about 3,5 K years.
    That would be great to know if G-Y21161 is found in Corsica as well but the study didn't test lower mutations.

    Did you took a Y-DNA test ?
    FTDNA : 92% North Africa / 4% S-E Europe / 2% Iberia / <2% British Isles
    MYHERITAGE : 85% North Africa / 15% Iberia
    DNA.LAND : 78% North Africa / 3% East Africa / 17% Southwestern Europe (4% Sardinian)/ 2% Egyptian&Arab

    Berbers from the Atlas mountains : https://imgur.com/a/i5yWx

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    In Corpore Sardo Mens-Sarda's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Iẓeḍwan n Nanna-Tuda View Post
    Very interesting!
    I'm G-Z27232+ (TMRCA : about 3,5K years but it could be more as there are very few people tested). It's chiefly (you can even say uniquely) found in the Western Mediterranean (NA Africa, Sardinia, Iberia).
    It's split into two known clades : G-Y21161 (only Sardinians) and G-Z6028.
    I'm negative for both (that's also the case for the other North Africans). Therefore, our TMRCA with Sardinians is about 3,5 K years.
    That would be great to know if G-Y21161 is found in Corsica as well but the study didn't test lower mutations.

    Did you took a Y-DNA test ?
    No, I've never taken a Y-DNA test.
    Non Auro, Sed Ferro, Recuperanda Est Patria (Not by Gold, But by Iron, Is the Nation to be Recovered) - Marcus Furius Camillus (Roman General)

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