Patronymical and/or firstname originated lastnames of your ancestors

[Mikula]

Some lines of my ancestors had following lastnames, with following meanings:
ADAM
BARTOŇ - Czech, originated from the firstname BARTOLOMĚJ (Bartholomew)
BLAŽEK - Czech, originated from the firstname BLAŽEJ (Blasius)
GÖRIG (GÉRYK) - German (Czechized), originated from the firstname Georg
INDRÁK - Czech, originated from the firstname JINDŘICH (Henry)
JANÁK and JANEŠ - Czech, originated from the firstname JAN (John)
JAROŇ - Czech, originated from the firstname JAROSLAV or JAROMÍR
KUNZ (KUNC) - German (Czechized), originated from the firstname KONRAD
MACÍČEK - Czech, originated from the firstname MATĚJ or MATOUŠ (Matthew)
MACHÁČ and MACHÁČEK - Czech, originated from the firstname MARTIN
MATUŠ - Czech, originated from the firstname MATOUŠ (Matthew)
MIČKA - Czech, originated from the firstname MIKULÁŠ (Nicholas)
MICHEL - German, originated from the firstname MICHAEL
PROKOP
RIETZ (RÝC) - German (Czechized), originated from the firstname RUDOLF
RIEDEL (RÝDL) - German (Czechized), originated from the firstname RUDOLF
ŘÍHA and ŘÍHÁK - Czech, originated from the firstname ŘEHOŘ (Gregor)
PÝTER - Czech, originated from the firstname PETR (Peter)
VANĚRKA - Czech, originated from the firstname VÁCLAV (Wenceslaus)

[Mikula]

Did your ancetsors have also some patronymical or firstname-originated lastnames?

[Tyrone Slothrop]

English: Johnson, Wilson, Nelson, Thom(p)son, Adams
Welsh: Jones, Edwards, Jenkins, Davis ("-s" suffix in Welsh and some English surnames is for "son of"), Price (from "ap Rhys")
Scots: MacDonald
Irish: McGee

[apcar]

I generally don't find patronymic surnames interesting, not unless they are rare or have unusual circumstances.

From Wales I have the surnames:

Heylin or Heylyn. A brench of the family became prominent around London in the 16th and 17th centuries. The family came from Pentreheylin in Llandysilio, Montgomeryshire and the name means 'cup bearer'.

Descendants of the Heylins, a Payne family lived another Pentreheylin in Shropshire, which they appear to have inherited from the Heylins. I suspect Payne is from the Welsh given name Paen, which appears to be a cognate of the English name which means 'pagan'.

Gwalchmai, a rare Welsh surname that occurs in Arthurian legend, it means 'field hawk'

Breese, a more common but less obvious Welsh patronymic formed from the concatenation of ap (of) and Rees (enthusiasm).

Prinald, extinct, at least in that spelling, a Welsh concanenation of ap and Reynold (advice rule)

Trustram, Welsh rendering of Tristan (riot)

Cadwaladr, battle ruler

Jevan, Welsh form of John

Unfortunately, because names in Wales were largely Anglicised by the time surnames were adopted (largely between 1600 and 1825 - depending on area and social status) many Welsh names are not memorialised by surnames or in use at all. Or they are very rare. A few that still exist:

Lowarch (Lywarch)
Meredith
Griffiths
Llewellyn
Iorwerth
Rhydderch
Caddell?
Brookwell (Brochwel?)
Merfyn (almost extinct)

[Skjaldemjøden]

The vast majority of Danish surnames are patronymics that were affixed in the 19th century. Any surname ending with -sen is a patronymic. These were the most popular surnames last year, by distribution:

[Óttar]

Maybe Hughes. Maybe Stevens. All the rest as far as I can tell don't originate from first names.

[Beowulf]

Ibañez, Martinez, Gonzalez, Jimenez, Ruiz, Durant, Rognvaldsson... can't remember more right now