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TheDorian invasionis a concept devised by historians ofAncient Greeceto explain the replacement of pre-classical dialects and traditions in southernGreeceby the ones that prevailed inClassical Greece. The latter were namedDorianby the ancient Greek writers, after theDorians, the historical population that spoke them.
Greek legend asserts that the Dorians took possession of thePeloponnesusin an event called theReturn of the Heracleidae(Ancient Greek:Ἐπιστροφὴ τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν). Nineteenth-century Classical scholars saw in the legend a possibly real event they termed theDorian invasion. The meaning of the concept has changed several times, as historians,philologistsandarchaeologistsused it in attempts to explain the cultural discontinuities expressed in the data of their fields. The pattern of arrival of Dorian culture on certain islands in theMediterranean, such asCrete, is also not well understood. The Dorians colonised a number of sites on Crete such asLato.[1]
Despite nearly 200 years of investigation, the historicity of a mass migration of Dorians into Greece has never been established, and the origin of the Dorians remains unknown. Some have linked them or their victims with the emergence of the equally mysteriousSea Peoples. The meaning of the phrase "Dorian invasion" as an explanation for the cultural break after theMycenaean periodhas become to some degree amorphous. Investigations into it have served mainly to rule out various speculations, though the possibility of a real Dorian invasion remains open.
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