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Yes, the Biblical relatedness between Hebrews and "Arabs" played a key role in the spread of Islam. Many Muslims still use Old Testament in order to justify that Islam is THE TRUTH: disappointed by Isaac's descendants behaviour, He would have chosen their cousins : Ismael's offspring.
The funniest thing is that several Muslims, even from non-Arab areas (Moroccans for example, Moroccan Berbers more precisely) identify with Ismael, believing he's their actual ancestor and that Jews are their "lost" (in the spiritual meaning) cousins.
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