Y-chromosome haplogroups from Hun,Avar & conquering Hungarian period people of the Carpathian Basin

[Adam Janossy]

Preprint

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/597997v1

Hun, Avar and conquering Hungarian nomadic groups arrived into the Carpathian Basin from the Eurasian Steppes and significantly influenced its political and ethnical landscape. In order to shed light on the genetic affinity of above groups we have determined Y chromosomal haplogroups and autosomal loci, from 49 individuals, supposed to represent military leaders. Haplogroups from the Hun-age are consistent with Xiongnu ancestry of European Huns. Most of the Avar-age individuals carry east Eurasian Y haplogroups typical for modern north-eastern Siberian and Buryat populations and their autosomal loci indicate mostly unmixed Asian characteristics. In contrast the conquering Hungarians seem to be a recently assembled population incorporating pure European, Asian and admixed components. Their heterogeneous paternal and maternal lineages indicate similar phylogeographic origin of males and females, derived from Central-Inner Asian and European Pontic Steppe sources. Composition of conquering Hungarian paternal lineages is very similar to that of Baskhirs, supporting historical sources that report identity of the two groups.

[Adam Janossy]

[Ice]

I'm not surprised

[Blondie]

It seems to me huns, avars, hungarians were very similar or same population.

[Peterski]

Looks like 1/3 of the Early Magyar men were of Slavic origin, 10/29 (34,5%) of Y-DNA is Slavic R1a-CTS1211 and I2a(xS17250).

Some excerpts:

"The West Eurasian R1a1a1b1a2b-CTS1211 subclade of R1a is most frequent in Eastern Europe especially among Slavic people. This Hg was detected just in the Conqueror group (K2/18, K2/41 and K1/10). Though CTS1211 was not covered in K2/36 but it may also belong to this sub-branch of Z283."

Avar subjects:

"This Avar population buried the deceased in catacomb graves, following Eastern European traditions. One sample in our dataset (HC9) comes from this population, and both his mtDNA (T1a1b) and Y chromosome (R1a) support Eastern European connections."

Autosomal DNA:

"All Hun age individuals revealed admixture derived from European and East Asian ancestors, while 8/15 Avar age individuals showed predominantly East Asian origin with both methods, 4 individuals were definitely European, while two showed evidence of admixture. The KFP/31 sample gave contradicting results due to low coverage. Conqueror samples from the Magyarhomorog (MH) and Sárrétudvari (SH) cemeteries showed mostly European ancestry in agreement with their phenotypes and Y Hg-s, though MLR detected a significant east Asian ancestry component and the SH/103 woman was classified East Asian despite her blond hair. The Karos (K) and Kenézlő(KEF) populations were profoundly admixed, comprising individuals of purely East Asian, European and mixed origin in nearly identical proportions, again in agreement with results obtained from uniparental and phenotypic markers."

Conqueror period:

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/bior...97997.full.pdf

R1a-CTS1211
Karos I/10
Karos II/36
Karos II/41
Karos II/18

I2a(xS17250)
Karos II/16
Karos II/52
Karos III/1
Magyarhomorog/15
Magyarhomorog/16
Magyarhomorog/9

[Peterski]

Phenotypes, pigmentation (from Table 2. and Table 3. in the study):

[Aspar]

All I2-S17250 are East Asian admixed, while al E-V13 are 100% European and some have blue eyes and light/red hair.

[Peterski]

Y-DNA haplogroups by time period (from Table 1. in the study):

There is some R1b-U106 as well:

[ph2ter]

xS17250 means that they are negative for S17250.

[Peterski]

xS17250 means that they are negative for S17250.

Ah yeah, true. I copied what Radek/Waldemar wrote without checking. Fixed it now.

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I don't know why do the authors claim that I2a is Cucuteni-Trypillian?

All of the Cucuteni-Trypillian samples so far were G2a and E, not I2a:

https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/en/map.../49.449/30.072

I1926 Trypillian Ukraine
mtDNA: H5a
Y-DNA: G2a2b2a

I1927 Trypillian Ukraine
mtDNA: H1b
Y-DNA: G2a2b2a1a1b1a1a1

I2110 Trypillian Ukraine
mtDNA: T2b
Y-DNA: G2a2b2a