Turkey opposition candidate for Istanbul pledges to provide Kurdish courses

[casedelpapel]

Rojava, communism the right decision ? Bashur is the only place with a future, sorry but i have to laugh, Ezidkhan is under shia control, Afrin under turkish control and PKK is working hard to bring war to Southern Kurdistan after their failed and pathetic war in the cities in which they simply wanted the Turks to bomb the cities to make a propaganda picture on twitter, look that not Syria, its Turkey. There s no Rojava, its called Northern Syria and the majority of kurdish areas are either under turkish rule or syrian state rule while the Americans found the fools willing to submit to the us interests in preventing an iranian corridor and weakening the syrian regime by controling strategic infrastructure like the oild fields, the dam the agricultural lands. Things not in the interest of the Kurds, the only thing that was in the kurdish interest was the referendum but then again we have witnessed the american position towards it and how they even allowed iranian controlled troops to be equipped with american hardware and we have seen how PKK created tensions in Shengal and welcomed iraqi troops and raised their ugly flag voluntarily.
I thank the PKK for cementing non kurdish rule of our land through their policies.
Northern Syria does not act in the interest of empowering Kurds, neither the PKK which wants to bring war and conflict into Kurdistan, Shingal may never recover, not because of the genocide, but because of the PKK policy afterwards, the Arabs are burning the crops, do not provide help and the PKK helps them by accusing the KRG and is trying everything in their power to bring Turkey into South Kurdistan, destroying the little bit we have, believe me, Northern Syria will loose kurdish majority because of their policies, nobody wants to live there and tries to leave to Europe or even Turkey to start a new life.

[Ice]

I think kurds deserve their own state. Northern iraq is the best place to start with kurdistan. if this project goes well, maybe some provinces from southeastern turkey can be added. Turkey should act like a big brother in this scenario, and protect the kurds from israel/usa/russia/iran/arabs.

[Armenian Bishop]

false,
christian populations groups lived for hundreds of years under muslim rule, but when Russia marched into the Caucasus, they implemented ethnic cleansing operations, the Circassians were killed and exiled [etc ... etc ... etc]

Cut the BS, and stop making lame excuses on behalf of the Ottoman Young Turks, Circassians and Kurds. That's right, some of the Circassians also got their hands bloody killing people. Some Circassians were resettled in the Ottoman Empire, not too far from where Armenians resided. Some of those Circassians failed to exercise their better judgment, and participated in killing and looting. By the way, you're sentence structure is horrible, just a run-on sentence that's the size of a paragraph.

The canvas on which the mass deportation and massacre of Armenians and Assyrians took place was a landscape that stretched from Istanbul almost 1,000 miles to the east, beyond the eastern ends of the Ottoman Empire into Persia and the Caucasus. Mountains, valleys, rivers, and deserts were the topographies through which hundreds of thousands of uprooted people moved in convoys. Guarded by Ottoman soldiers and gendarmes, they were attacked and slaughtered by the çetes (gangs of irregular fighters) of the Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa (Special Organization), and by Kurds, Turks, and Circassians. Driven to exhaustion, starvation, and suicide, hundreds of thousands would perish; others would be forced to emigrate or convert to Islam to save their lives.

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-onlin...enian_genocide

[rajputprincess]

Personally Turks and kurd can't stay together same way kurd and arab can't stay together those countries should give land to kurd for making Kurdistan they would stay more happy actually.

Sent from my ZUK Z2132 using Tapatalk

[FinalFlash]

I support a free and independent Kurdistan but simply in their native lands- the Zagros Mountains in Iran.

[Armenian Bishop]

I support a free and independent Kurdistan but simply in their native lands- the Zagros Mountains in Iran.

The Kurdish migration into the Armenian Highlands reminds me of a great cattle drive, but in their case, they try to claim every piece of land that they have driven their cattle across. It's kind of like the opening theme song scene from the 1960's "Rawhide" TV Series. Only Kurds seem to feel privileged to keep every inch of ground their people have trodden over.

[Petros Houhoulis]

false,
christian populations groups lived for hundreds of years under muslim rule, but when Russia marched into the Caucasus, they implemented ethnic cleansing operations, the Circassians were killed and exiled, their homeland taken and settled by Russians and other Christians and everybody at that time knew what would happen to the Kurds and Turks if they loose the war, it was simply outright fear, while everybody knows about the Armenian Genocide, it seems the World has forgotten the circassian massacres and the colonial policy of Russia in the 19th century which was to uproot the Muslims and empowering Christian Groups, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circassian_genocide, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circas...man_Empire.jpg

there was simply a huge fear of this outcome which led the Kurds and Turks to react the way they reacted, the Circassian Genocide is forgotten today but at that time it was one of the main motivations to fight back any further russian aggression into the territories of the Iranian and Otoman empire, it was the next logical step to repeat this in Anatolia or to conquer even Istanbul and reestablish it as the center of orthodox christianity.
Armenians and other Christians in the Empire leaned toward Russia and they openly agitated and talked about the removal of the Muslims, stoking fear and panic which resulted in the events of the WW1. The Russians even settled Germans in the region, especially in Kars and wanted to march much deeper in to these lands.

All of these are true, but...

...Let's remember that Muslim rule again:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur

Timur's armies were inclusively multi-ethnic and were feared throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe,^[16] sizable parts of which his campaigns laid to waste.^[17] Scholars estimate that his military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time.^[18][19]
He was the grandfather of the Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician Ulugh Beg, who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449, and the great-great-great-grandfather of Babur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire, which ruled parts of South Asia for over three centuries, from 1526 until 1857.^[20][21] Timur is considered as a great patron of art and architecture, as he interacted with intellectuals such as Ibn Khaldun and Hafiz-i Abru.^[16]:341–2

Note that his Mughal descendants massacred much more Indians over time:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim...nt#Aurangzeb_2

Aurangzeb[edit]

Aurangzeb's Deccan campaign saw one of the largest death tolls in South Asian history, with an estimated 4.6 million people killed during his reign, Muslims and Hindus alike.^[143] An estimated of 2.5 million of Aurangzeb's army were killed during the Mughal–Maratha Wars (100,000 annually during a quarter-century), while 2 million civilians in war-torn lands died due to drought, plague and famine.^[144][143]

Not to forget Slavery:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_...t_Slavic_lands

The military of the Crimean Khanate and the Nogai Horde conducted slave raids in the East Slavic territories controlled by Russia^[a] and Lithuania.^[b] These raids began after Crimea became independent about 1441 and lasted until the peninsula came under Russian control in 1774.^[1]Their main purpose was the Muscovy pacification and the capture of slaves,^[2] most of whom were exported to the Ottoman slave markets in Constantinople or elsewhere in the Middle East. The raids were an drain of the human and economic resources of eastern Europe. They largely inhabited the "Wild Fields" – the steppe and forest-steppe land which extends from a hundred or so miles south of Moscow to the Black Sea and which now contains most of the Russian and Ukrainian population. The campaigns also played an important role in the development of the Cossacks.^[3][4][5][6]
Estimates of the number of people affected vary: Polish historian Bohdan Baranowski assumed that in the 17th century century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (present-day Poland, Ukraine and Belarus) lost an average of 20,000 yearly and as many as one million in all years combined from 1474 to 1694.^[7] According to Alan W. Fisher, the number of people deported from the Slavic lands on both sides of the border during the 14th to 17th centuries was about 3 million.^[8] Michael Khodarkhovsky estimates that 150,000 to 200,000 people were abducted from Russia in the first 50 years of the 17th century.^[9]
The first major Tatar raid for slaves occurred in 1468 and was directed into the south-eastern border of Poland.^[2] The last raid into Hungary by the Crimean Tatars took place in 1717.^[10] In 1769 a last major Tatar raid, which took place during the Russo-Turkish War, saw the capture of 20,000 slaves.^[11]

What made the "wild field" so forbidding were the Tatars. Year after year, their swift raiding parties swept down on the towns and villages to pillage, kill the old and frail, and drive away thousands of captives to be sold as slaves in the Crimean port of Kaffa, a city often referred to by Russians as "the vampire that drinks the blood of Rus'...For example, from 1450 to 1586, eighty-six raids were recorded, and from 1600 to 1647, seventy. Although estimates of the number of captives taken in a single raid reached as high as 30,000, the average figure was closer to 3000...In Podilia alone, about one-third of all the villages were devastated or abandoned between 1578 and 1583.^[3]

— Orest Subtelny

Or the skull towers:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skull_Tower

Skull Tower (Serbian: Ћеле Кула; Ćele kula, pronounced [tɕel̩e kula]) is a stone structure embedded with human skulls located in Niš, Serbia. It was constructed following the Battle of Čegar of May 1809, during the First Serbian Uprising. Serbian rebels under the command of Stevan Sinđelić were attacked by the Ottomans on Čegar Hill, near Niš. Knowing that he and his fighters would be impaled if captured, Sinđelić detonated a powder magazine within the rebel entrenchment, killing himself, his fellow rebels and the encroaching Ottoman soldiers. VizierHurshid Pasha ordered that a tower be made from the skulls of the fallen rebels. The tower is 4.5 metres (15 ft) high, and originally contained 952 skulls embedded on four sides in 14 rows.
Following the Ottoman withdrawal from Niš in 1878, the tower was roofed over, and in 1892 a chapel was built around it. In 1937, the chapel was renovated. A bust of Sinđelić was added the following year. In 1948, Skull Tower and the chapel enclosing it were declared Cultural Monuments of Exceptional Importance and came under the protection of the Socialist Republic of Serbia. Further renovation of the chapel occurred again in 1989. As of 2013, 58 skulls remain on the tower. The one that is said to belong to Sinđelić is enclosed in a glass container. Seen as a symbol of independence by Serbs, the tower is mentioned in the writings of French Romantic poet Alphonse de Lamartine and English travel writer Alexander William Kinglake. In the two centuries since its construction, it has become a popular tourist attraction, visited by between 30,000 and 50,000 people annually.

The impalements...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalement#Ottoman_Empire

Ottoman Empire[edit]

Longitudinal impalement is an execution method often attested within the Ottoman Empire, for a variety of offenses, it was done mostly as a warning to others or to terrify.^[85]
Siege of Constantinople[edit]

The Ottoman Empire used impalement during, and before, the last siege of Constantinople in 1453.^[81] During the buildup phase to the great siege the year before, in 1452, the sultan declared that all ships sailing up or down through the Bosphorus had to anchor at his fortress there, for inspection. One Venetian captain, Antonio Rizzo, sought to defy the ban, but his ship was hit by a cannonball. He and his crew were picked up from the waters, the crew members to be beheaded (or sawn asunder according to Niccolò Barbaro^[86]), whereas Rizzo was impaled.^[87] In the early days of the siege in May 1453, contingents of the Ottoman army made mop-up operations at minor fortifications like Therapia and Studium. The surrendered soldiers, some 40 individuals from each place, were impaled.^[88]
Civil crimes[edit]

Within the Ottoman Empire, some civil crimes (rather than rebel activity/treasonous behavior), such as highway robbery, might be punished by impalement. For some periods at least, executions for civil crimes were claimed to have been rather rare in the Ottoman Empire. Aubry de La Motraye lived in the realm for 14 years from 1699 to 1713 and claimed that he had not heard of twenty thieves in Constantinople during that time. As for highway robbers, who surely had been impaled, Aubry heard of only 6 such cases during his residence there.^[89] Staying at Aleppo from 1740–54, Alexander Russell notes that in the 20 years gone by, there were no more than "half a dozen" public executions there.^[90] Jean de Thévenot, traveling in the Ottoman Empire and its territories like Egypt in the late 1650s, emphasizes the regional variations in impalement frequency. Of Constantinople and Turkey, de Thévenot writes that impalement was "not much practised" and "very rarely put in practice." An exception he highlighted was the situation of Christians in Constantinople. If a Christian spoke or acted out against the "Law of Mahomet", or consorted with a Turkish woman, or broke into a mosque, then he might face impalement unless he converted to Islam. In contrast, de Thévenot says that in Egypt impalement was a "very ordinary punishment" against the Arabs there, whereas Turks in Egypt were strangled in prison instead of being publicly executed like the natives.^[91] Thus, the actual frequency of impalement within the Ottoman Empire varied greatly, not only from time to time, but also from place to place, and between different population groups in the empire.
Highway robbers were still impaled into the 1830s, but one source says the practice was rare by then.^[92] Travelling to Smyrna and Constantinople in 1843, Stephen Massett^[93] was told by a man who witnessed the event that "just a few years ago", a dozen or so robbers were impaled at Adrianople. All of them, however, had been strangled prior to impalement.^[94] Writing around 1850, the archaeologist Austen Henry Layard mentions that the latest case he was acquainted with happened "about ten years ago" in Baghdad, on four rebel Arab sheikhs.^[95]
Impalement of pirates, rather than highway robbers, is also occasionally recorded. In October 1767 Hassan Bey, who had preyed on Turkish ships in the Euxine Sea for a number of years, was captured and impaled, even though he had offered 500,000 ducats for his pardon.^[96]
Klephts and rebels in Greece[edit]

During the Ottoman rule of Greece, impalement became an important tool of psychological warfare, intended to put terror into the peasant population. By the 18th century, Greek bandits turned guerrilla insurgents (known as klephts) became an increasing annoyance to the Ottoman government. Captured klephts were often impaled, as were peasants that harbored or aided them. Victims were publicly impaled and placed at highly visible points, and had the intended effect on many villages who not only refused to help the klephts, but would even turn them in to the authorities.^[97] The Ottomans engaged in active campaigns to capture these insurgents in 1805 and 1806, and were able to enlist Greek villagers, eager to avoid the stake, in the hunt for their outlaw countrymen.^[98]
Impalement was, on occasion, aggravated with being set over a fire, the impaling stake acting as a spit, so that the impaled victim might be roasted alive.^[99] Among other severities, Ali Pasha, an Albanian-born Ottoman noble who ruled Ioannina, had rebels, criminals, and even the descendants of those who had wronged him or his family in the past, impaled and roasted alive. Thomas Smart Hughes, visiting Greece and Albania in 1812–13, says the following about his stay in Ioannina:^[100]

Here criminals have been roasted alive over a slow fire, impaled, and skinned alive; others have had their extremities chopped off, and some have been left to perish with the skin of the face stripped over their necks. At first I doubted the truth of these assertions, but they were abundantly confirmed to me by persons of undoubted veracity. Some of the most respectable inhabitants of loannina assured me that they had sometimes conversed with these wretched victims on the very stake, being prevented from yielding to their torturing requests for water by fear of a similar fate themselves. Our own resident, as he was once going into the serai of Litaritza, saw a Greek priest, the leader of a gang of robbers, nailed alive to the outer wall of the palace, in sight of the whole city.

During the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), Greek revolutionaries or civilians were tortured and executed by impalement. A German witness of the Constantinople massacre (April 1821) narrates the impalement of about 65 Greeks by Turkish mob.^[101] In April 1821, thirty Greeks from the Ionian island of Zante (Zakynthos) had been impaled in Patras, in front of the British consulate. This was recorded in the diary of the French consul Hughes Pouqueville and published by his brother François Pouqueville.^[102] Athanasios Diakos, a klepht and later a rebel military commander, was captured after the Battle of Alamana (1821), near Thermopylae, and after refusing to convert to Islam and join the Ottoman army, he was impaled.^[103] Diakos became a martyr for a Greek independence and was later honored as a national hero.^[104][105] Non-combatant Greeks (elders, monks, women etc.) were impaled around Athens during the first year of the revolution (1821).^[106]
Rebels elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire[edit]

Impaling perceived rebels was an attested practice in other parts of the empire as well, such as the 1809 quelling of a Bosnian revolt,^[107] and during the Serbian Revolution (1804–1835) against the Ottoman Empire, about 200 Serbs were impaled in Belgrade in 1814.^[108]Historian James J. Reid,^[109] in his Crisis of the Ottoman Empire: Prelude to Collapse 1839–1878, notes several instances of later use, in particular in times of crises, ordered by military commanders (if not, that is, directly ordered by the supreme authority possessed by the sultan). He notes late instances of impalement during rebellions (rather than cases of robbery) like the Bosnian revolt of 1852, during the Cretan insurrection of 1866–69, and during the insurrections in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1876–77.^[110] In the Nobel Prize-winning novel The Bridge on the Drina, by Ivo Andrić, in the third chapter is described impalement of a Bosnian Serb, who was trying to sabotage the bridge's construction.
Occurrences in genocides[edit]

Impalement was also purported during the Assyrian and Armenian Genocides.
Aurora Mardiganian, a survivor of the Armenian genocide of 1915–1923, claimed that sixteen young Armenian girls were "crucified" by Ottomans. The film Auction of Souls (1919), which was based on her book Ravished Armenia, showed the victims being nailed to crosses. However, almost 70 years later Mardiganian claimed that the scene was inaccurate:^[111]

The Turks didn't make their crosses like that. The Turks made little pointed crosses. They took the clothes off the girls. They made them bend down, and after raping them, they made them sit on the pointed wood, through the vagina. That's the way they killed - the Turks. Americans have made it a more civilized way. They can't show such terrible things.

A Russian clergyman who visited ravaged Christian villages in northwestern Persia claimed that he found the remains of several impaled people. He wrote: "The bodies were so firmly fixed, in some instances, that the stakes could not be withdrawn; it was necessary to saw them off and bury the victims as they were."^[112]

The Janissaries...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janissaries

The Janissaries (Ottoman Turkish: يڭيچرى‎ yeñiçeri [jeniˈtʃeɾi], meaning "new soldier") were elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops, bodyguards and the first modern standing army in Europe.^[3][4] The corps was most likely established during the reign of Murad I (1362–89).^[5]
They began as an elite corps of slaves made up of kidnapped young Christian boys who were converted to Islam,^[6] and became famed for internal cohesion cemented by strict discipline and order. Unlike typical slaves, they were paid regular salaries. Forbidden to marry or engage in trade, their complete loyalty to the Sultan was expected.^[7] By the seventeenth century, due to a dramatic increase in the size of the Ottoman standing army, the corps' initially strict recruitment policy was relaxed. Civilians bought their way into it in order to benefit from the improved socioeconomic status it conferred upon them. Consequently, the corps gradually lost its military character, undergoing a process that has been described as 'civilianization'.^[8] The corps was abolished by Sultan Mahmud II in 1826 in the Auspicious Incident in which 6,000 or more were executed.^[9]

...And so on...

In any case, as I have pointed out elsewhere, the Turks lost far more troops to diseases and famine rather than to enemy fire during WWI, which means they were totally incompetent to rule. They should have feared their own stupidity far more than the Russian conquerors or anybody else...