Ancient Rome: A genetic crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean

[Calpurnius]

[Samnium]

Timeline and accurate genetic composition of the samples

[Calpurnius]

Am I getting this right? Is that early iron age individual from Croatia that mysteriously resembled so much Bergamo/Lombardy samples consistent with belonging to the same population as Iron age Italians?

[Jana]

Am I getting this right? Is that early iron age individual from Croatia that mysteriously resembled so much Bergamo/Lombardy samples consistent with belonging to the same population as Iron age Italians?

All ancient samples from Croatia were Italian like so far (Bergamo-Tuscany cline, some even NW from Bergamo), both in Dalmatia and Panonnia.
Somebody wrote this sample is actually BA, but I am not sure.

[Adamastor]

See, I said early Romans would be SW Europeans. I'm repeating it for months here: Southern Europe was once mostly Iberian/North Italian like. Look at how Anatolian admixture decreased and other components increased with the passage from Republican to Imperial Era.

The most EEF/Anatolian admixed mainland Euros are the North Italians and Iberians.

[Calpurnius]

Also I'm skimming throughout the supplementary info and suspiciously enough in the models they have for post Imperial age Rome including medieval ones they don't seem to consider Iron age samples as a possible source for the more recent samples and their shift back north, they seem to only use foreign sources which seems quite naive to me, it's very possible that much of iron age genetic structure survived outside of the most populated areas of central Italy, maybe from north Italy itself.

[vbnetkhio]

that early iron age individual from Croatia that mysteriously resembled so much Bergamo/Lombardy

there's nothing mysterious there. the Scythian samples from Moldova and Hungary are also like that. i think it's safe to say those were the normal iron age Northern Balkan genetics.

[Samnium]

Haplogroup analysis



There is also a noticeable decrease in R1b haplogroups

[Samnium]

Also I'm skimming throughout the supplementary info and suspiciously enough in the models they have for post Imperial age Rome including medieval ones they don't seem to consider Iron age samples as a possible source for the more recent samples and their shift back north, they seem to only use foreign sources which seems quite naive to me, it's very possible that much of iron age genetic structure survived outside of the most populated areas of central Italy, maybe from north Italy itself.

I think that there is another study that's coming and that will evaluate that. I think they are over-estimating the Northern/Central input definitely.

I think that in the South there are also relict from Italic people. Like the area around Cosenza. But also other inland areas.

[vbnetkhio]

All ancient samples from Croatia were Italian like so far (Bergamo-Tuscany cline, some even NW from Bergamo), both in Dalmatia and Panonnia.
Somebody wrote this sample is actually BA, but I am not sure.

SZ6386770 I3313_Illyrian_Dalmatia_1200_bc
TX8387837 I4332_Illyrian_Dalmatia_1600_bc
JM8436604 I3499_Bronze_Age_Vucedol_2000_bc_R1b_Z2103_L23

the one from 1200 bc is sometimes labeled iron age, sometimes bronze, other two are proper bronze